ios - 如何在不滚动 textView 的情况下使 UITableViewCell 的高度扩展以适应 UITextView 的内容并包装文本？ ( swift 5)

Question

我有一个使用自定义单元格的 UITableViewController。在自定义单元格中是一个 UITextView 和一个 UIButton。当用户键入时，我需要选择的 tableView 单元格适合用户输入的多行文本。 iPhone 预装的提醒应用程序可以完美地展示这一点。目前在我的应用程序中，tableView 单元格的高度保持不变，并且 textView 在必要时启用滚动以容纳多行文本。
我尝试在这篇文章(Dynamically change cell's height while typing text, and reload the containing tableview for resize)中实现解决方案，这似乎提出了同样的问题，但是，这篇文章已经有将近 3 年的历史了，即使答案仍然有效，也没有足够的示例代码让我了解如何实现答案。我尽了最大的努力，但没有运气，并清除了我当前的任何先前尝试的代码，因此就这个所需的功能而言，它目前是一个干净的石板。看到包含 Swift 5 中的示例代码的答案将是惊人的。
如果有用的话，这是自定义单元格类:

class newNoteTableViewCell: UITableViewCell {

    @IBOutlet weak var lyricsField: UITextView!
    @IBOutlet weak var recordButton: UIButton!
    
    override func awakeFromNib() {
        super.awakeFromNib()
        // Initialization code
    }

    override func setSelected(_ selected: Bool, animated: Bool) {
        super.setSelected(selected, animated: animated)
    }
    
    @IBAction func recordButtonPressed(_ sender: UIButton) {
    }
}

还有我的 cellForRowAt，这是目前除 numberOfRowsInSection 之外唯一实现的 TableView 委托(delegate)方法:

override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
        let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "lyricsCell", for: indexPath) as! newNoteTableViewCell
        
        cell.lyricsField.delegate = self
        
        cell.lyricsField.tag = indexPath.row
        
        if let safeLyrics = lyrics {
            if indexPath.row < safeLyrics.count {
                cell.lyricsField.text = safeLyrics[indexPath.row].text
            } else {
                cell.lyricsField.text = ""
            }
        }
        
        return cell
    }

Answer 1

我们可以通过向您的单元格添加一个“回调”闭包来做到这一点。
当 TextView 被编辑时，单元类将“回调”到 Controller ，我们可以告诉表格 View 重新计算行高(以及保存编辑的文本)。
这是一个带有约束的简单单元格布局。确保禁用 TextView 上的滚动:

请注意，在设计时单元格的高度并不重要......我们的约束将允许自动布局来处理它。
结果:

这是示例代码:

class ExampleCell: UITableViewCell, UITextViewDelegate {
    
    @IBOutlet var recordButton: UIButton!
    @IBOutlet var lyricsField: UITextView!
    
    var callback: ((String) -> ())?
    
    override func didMoveToSuperview() {
        super.didMoveToSuperview()
        // make sure scroll is disabled
        lyricsField.isScrollEnabled = false
        // make sure delegate is set
        lyricsField.delegate = self
        // if these are set in Storyboard this func is not needed
    }
    func textViewDidChange(_ textView: UITextView) {
        let str = textView.text ?? ""
        // tell the controller
        callback?(str)
    }

}

class ExampleTableViewController: UITableViewController {

    var myData: [String] = []
    
    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        // start with 20 sample strings for our data
        // fill data array with 30 strings
        myData = (1...30).map { "This is row \($0)" }

        // give the second row some longer sample text
        myData[1] = "Some sample text so we see that the text view height will be automatically handled by auto-layout."
        
    }

    // MARK: - Table view data source

    override func numberOfSections(in tableView: UITableView) -> Int {
        return 1
    }

    override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, numberOfRowsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        return myData.count
    }

    override func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
        let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "exampleCell", for: indexPath) as! ExampleCell

        cell.lyricsField.text = myData[indexPath.row]
        
        // set the closure
        weak var tv = tableView
        cell.callback = { [weak self] str in
            guard let self = self, let tv = tv else { return }
            print("called back", str)
            // update our data with the edited string
            self.myData[indexPath.row] = str
            // we don't need to do anything else here
            // this will force the table to recalculate row heights
            tv.performBatchUpdates(nil)
        }

        return cell
    }

}

以下是 Storyboard 源代码供引用:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<document type="com.apple.InterfaceBuilder3.CocoaTouch.Storyboard.XIB" version="3.0" toolsVersion="17156" targetRuntime="iOS.CocoaTouch" propertyAccessControl="none" useAutolayout="YES" useTraitCollections="YES" useSafeAreas="YES" colorMatched="YES" initialViewController="UxY-Y6-LYS">
    <device id="retina3_5" orientation="portrait" appearance="light"/>
    <dependencies>
        <deployment identifier="iOS"/>
        <plugIn identifier="com.apple.InterfaceBuilder.IBCocoaTouchPlugin" version="17125"/>
        <capability name="System colors in document resources" minToolsVersion="11.0"/>
        <capability name="documents saved in the Xcode 8 format" minToolsVersion="8.0"/>
    </dependencies>
    <scenes>
        <!--Example Table View Controller-->
        <scene sceneID="HKA-46-9zH">
            <objects>
                <tableViewController id="UxY-Y6-LYS" customClass="ExampleTableViewController" customModule="Temp" customModuleProvider="target" sceneMemberID="viewController">
                    <tableView key="view" clipsSubviews="YES" contentMode="scaleToFill" alwaysBounceVertical="YES" dataMode="prototypes" style="plain" separatorStyle="default" rowHeight="-1" estimatedRowHeight="-1" sectionHeaderHeight="28" sectionFooterHeight="28" id="ZaD-4v-hEm">
                        <rect key="frame" x="0.0" y="0.0" width="320" height="480"/>
                        <autoresizingMask key="autoresizingMask" widthSizable="YES" heightSizable="YES"/>
                        <color key="backgroundColor" systemColor="systemBackgroundColor"/>
                        <prototypes>
                            <tableViewCell clipsSubviews="YES" contentMode="scaleToFill" preservesSuperviewLayoutMargins="YES" selectionStyle="default" indentationWidth="10" reuseIdentifier="exampleCell" rowHeight="141" id="1bW-gv-rnI" customClass="ExampleCell" customModule="Temp" customModuleProvider="target">
                                <rect key="frame" x="0.0" y="28" width="320" height="141"/>
                                <autoresizingMask key="autoresizingMask"/>
                                <tableViewCellContentView key="contentView" opaque="NO" clipsSubviews="YES" multipleTouchEnabled="YES" contentMode="center" preservesSuperviewLayoutMargins="YES" insetsLayoutMarginsFromSafeArea="NO" tableViewCell="1bW-gv-rnI" id="H65-Gy-hPe">
                                    <rect key="frame" x="0.0" y="0.0" width="320" height="141"/>
                                    <autoresizingMask key="autoresizingMask"/>
                                    <subviews>
                                        <button opaque="NO" contentMode="scaleToFill" verticalHuggingPriority="251" contentHorizontalAlignment="center" contentVerticalAlignment="center" buttonType="system" lineBreakMode="middleTruncation" translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="5rZ-Jh-Wyd">
                                            <rect key="frame" x="96" y="11" width="128" height="30"/>
                                            <color key="backgroundColor" red="0.85215073819999998" green="0.88016217949999997" blue="0.94548028709999998" alpha="1" colorSpace="custom" customColorSpace="sRGB"/>
                                            <state key="normal" title="Record"/>
                                        </button>
                                        <textView clipsSubviews="YES" multipleTouchEnabled="YES" contentMode="scaleToFill" scrollEnabled="NO" keyboardDismissMode="onDrag" text="The Text View" textAlignment="natural" translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints="NO" id="ddd-0L-1pM">
                                            <rect key="frame" x="24" y="49" width="272" height="81"/>
                                            <color key="backgroundColor" red="0.99953407049999998" green="0.98835557699999999" blue="0.47265523669999998" alpha="1" colorSpace="custom" customColorSpace="sRGB"/>
                                            <color key="textColor" systemColor="labelColor"/>
                                            <fontDescription key="fontDescription" type="system" pointSize="14"/>
                                            <textInputTraits key="textInputTraits" autocapitalizationType="sentences"/>
                                        </textView>
                                    </subviews>
                                    <constraints>
                                        <constraint firstItem="ddd-0L-1pM" firstAttribute="top" secondItem="5rZ-Jh-Wyd" secondAttribute="bottom" constant="8" id="MHf-Yq-xQq"/>
                                        <constraint firstAttribute="trailingMargin" secondItem="ddd-0L-1pM" secondAttribute="trailing" constant="8" id="QMH-AZ-j7k"/>
                                        <constraint firstItem="5rZ-Jh-Wyd" firstAttribute="leading" secondItem="H65-Gy-hPe" secondAttribute="leadingMargin" constant="80" id="TYR-1f-iit"/>
                                        <constraint firstAttribute="trailingMargin" secondItem="5rZ-Jh-Wyd" secondAttribute="trailing" constant="80" id="Yf1-2g-dlf"/>
                                        <constraint firstItem="5rZ-Jh-Wyd" firstAttribute="top" secondItem="H65-Gy-hPe" secondAttribute="topMargin" id="gaW-td-egM"/>
                                        <constraint firstItem="ddd-0L-1pM" firstAttribute="bottom" secondItem="H65-Gy-hPe" secondAttribute="bottomMargin" id="lKj-ML-H4Q"/>
                                        <constraint firstItem="ddd-0L-1pM" firstAttribute="leading" secondItem="H65-Gy-hPe" secondAttribute="leadingMargin" constant="8" id="uxs-rD-Pdj"/>
                                    </constraints>
                                </tableViewCellContentView>
                                <connections>
                                    <outlet property="lyricsField" destination="ddd-0L-1pM" id="9Nz-Ru-psp"/>
                                    <outlet property="recordButton" destination="5rZ-Jh-Wyd" id="qNA-Up-zLK"/>
                                </connections>
                            </tableViewCell>
                        </prototypes>
                        <connections>
                            <outlet property="dataSource" destination="UxY-Y6-LYS" id="cmh-tD-hLg"/>
                            <outlet property="delegate" destination="UxY-Y6-LYS" id="xk4-oC-WNJ"/>
                        </connections>
                    </tableView>
                </tableViewController>
                <placeholder placeholderIdentifier="IBFirstResponder" id="7mc-zX-bKw" userLabel="First Responder" customClass="UIResponder" sceneMemberID="firstResponder"/>
            </objects>
            <point key="canvasLocation" x="330" y="127.5"/>
        </scene>
    </scenes>
    <resources>
        <systemColor name="labelColor">
            <color white="0.0" alpha="1" colorSpace="custom" customColorSpace="genericGamma22GrayColorSpace"/>
        </systemColor>
        <systemColor name="systemBackgroundColor">
            <color white="1" alpha="1" colorSpace="custom" customColorSpace="genericGamma22GrayColorSpace"/>
        </systemColor>
    </resources>
</document>

编辑 回应评论....
您在牢房中的约束都是错误的...
以下是它们从原始 xib 中的外观:

以下是它们的外观:

重要提示:您的堆栈 View 设置必须是: