python - 无法使用 View 名称 "book-detail"解析超链接关系的 URL

Question

以前我用的是 ModelSerializer并且没有错误。当我用 HyperlinkedModelSerializer 替换它时这个错误被抛出

Could not resolve URL for hyperlinked relationship using view name "book
detail". You may have failed to include the related model in your API,
or incorrectly configured the `lookup_field` attribute on this field.

这是 serializers.py文件:

class BookSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = Book
        fields = ['id', 'url', 'title', 'subtitle', 'isbn']

model.py

class Book(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=250)
    subtitle = models.CharField(max_length=250)
    author = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    isbn = models.CharField(max_length=13)

    def __str__(self):
        return self.title

views.py

class BookListView(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = Book.objects.all()
    serializer_class = BookSerializer

和 urls.py

router = routers.DefaultRouter()
router.register('books', BookListView)


app_name = "books"
urlpatterns = [
    path('', include(router.urls)),
]

View 名称 book-detail在我的 View 中不存在，可能是 Django 自动创建的，我不知道在哪里可以找到和调试它？谢谢你。
这是错误的追溯 -

Environment:


Request Method: GET
Request URL: http://localhost:8000/books/

Django Version: 3.1.2
Python Version: 3.8.5
Installed Applications:
['django.contrib.admin',
 'django.contrib.auth',
 'django.contrib.contenttypes',
 'django.contrib.sessions',
 'django.contrib.messages',
 'django.contrib.staticfiles',
 'rest_framework',
 'books.apps.BooksConfig']
Installed Middleware:
['django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
 'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware']



Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\relations.py", line 398, in to_representation
    url = self.get_url(value, self.view_name, request, format)
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\relations.py", line 336, in get_url
    return self.reverse(view_name, kwargs=kwargs, request=request, format=format)
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\reverse.py", line 47, in reverse
    url = _reverse(viewname, args, kwargs, request, format, **extra)
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\reverse.py", line 60, in _reverse
    url = django_reverse(viewname, args=args, kwargs=kwargs, **extra)
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\django\urls\base.py", line 87, in reverse
    return iri_to_uri(resolver._reverse_with_prefix(view, prefix, *args, **kwargs))
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\django\urls\resolvers.py", line 685, in _reverse_with_prefix
    raise NoReverseMatch(msg)

During handling of the above exception (Reverse for 'book-detail' not found. 'book-detail' is not a valid view function or pattern name.), another exception occurred:
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\exception.py", line 47, in inner
    response = get_response(request)
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\django\core\handlers\base.py", line 179, in _get_response
    response = wrapped_callback(request, *callback_args, **callback_kwargs)
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\django\views\decorators\csrf.py", line 54, in wrapped_view
    return view_func(*args, **kwargs)
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\viewsets.py", line 125, in view
    return self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\views.py", line 509, in dispatch
    response = self.handle_exception(exc)
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\views.py", line 469, in handle_exception
    self.raise_uncaught_exception(exc)
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\views.py", line 480, in raise_uncaught_exception
    raise exc
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\views.py", line 506, in dispatch
    response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\mixins.py", line 46, in list
    return Response(serializer.data)
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\serializers.py", line 745, in data
    ret = super().data
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\serializers.py", line 246, in data
    self._data = self.to_representation(self.instance)
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\serializers.py", line 663, in to_representation
    return [
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\serializers.py", line 664, in <listcomp>
    self.child.to_representation(item) for item in iterable
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\serializers.py", line 515, in to_representation
    ret[field.field_name] = field.to_representation(attribute)
  File "D:\All\Back-end Django\REST API Django\lib\site-packages\rest_framework\relations.py", line 413, in to_representation
    raise ImproperlyConfigured(msg % self.view_name)

Exception Type: ImproperlyConfigured at /books/
Exception Value: Could not resolve URL for hyperlinked relationship using view name "book-detail". You may have failed to include the related model in your API, or incorrectly configured the `lookup_field` attribute on this field.

Answer 1

我也曾经遇到过这个问题，但我通过这样做解决了这个问题:
urls.py(项目)
您可能需要在 root urls.py 中为您的应用程序提供命名空间

path('your_url', include(('your_app.urls', 'your_app'), namespace="your_app"))

serializers.py
添加 HyperlinkedIdentityField

class BookSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
    # add this 
    url = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name="your_app:book-detail")

    class Meta:
        model = Book
        fields = ['id', 'url', 'title', 'subtitle', 'isbn']

urls.py (应用程序)
添加 basename

router = routers.DefaultRouter()
# add basename
router.register('books', BookListView, basename="books")

文档 https://www.django-rest-framework.org/tutorial/5-relationships-and-hyperlinked-apis/