asp.net - 401 向 web api 发送 ajax 请求时未经授权

Question

我已经为此挠头2天了。我使用的是 WebAPI 2.2 版，我使用的是 CORS。此设置适用于服务器端，我可以从我的 Web 客户端服务器代码中获取授权内容，但在我的 ajax 调用中未经授权。

这是我的配置:

Web API 配置

WebApiConfig:

public static class WebApiConfig
{
    public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
    {

        // Web API configuration and services
        // Configure Web API to use only bearer token authentication.
        config.SuppressDefaultHostAuthentication();
        config.Filters.Add(new HostAuthenticationFilter(OAuthDefaults.AuthenticationType));
        config.Filters.Add(new HostAuthenticationFilter(DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie));

        //enable cors
        config.EnableCors();

        // Web API routes
        config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes();

        config.Routes.MapHttpRoute(
            name: "DefaultApi",
            routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}",
            defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional }
        );

        config.Filters.Add(new ValidationActionFilter());
    }
}

启动.Auth.cs:

// Configure the db context and user manager to use a single instance per request
        app.CreatePerOwinContext(UserContext<ApplicationUser>.Create);
        app.CreatePerOwinContext<ApplicationUserManager>(ApplicationUserManager.Create);

        // Enable the application to use a cookie to store information for the signed in user
        // and to use a cookie to temporarily store information about a user logging in with a third party login provider
        app.UseCookieAuthentication(new CookieAuthenticationOptions
            {
                AuthenticationType = DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie,
                CookieHttpOnly = true,
                CookieName = "Outpour.Api.Auth"
            }
        );

        //app.UseCors(CorsOptions.AllowAll);
        //app.UseExternalSignInCookie(DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ExternalCookie);

        // Configure the application for OAuth based flow
        PublicClientId = "self";
        OAuthOptions = new OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions
        {
            TokenEndpointPath = new PathString("/Token"),
            Provider = new ApplicationOAuthProvider(PublicClientId),
            AuthorizeEndpointPath = new PathString("/api/Account/ExternalLogin"),
            AccessTokenExpireTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromDays(14),
            AllowInsecureHttp = true
        };

        // Enable the application to use bearer tokens to authenticate users
        app.UseOAuthBearerTokens(OAuthOptions);

(我已经尝试了 app.UseCors(CorsOptions.AllowAll) 和 config.EnableCors() 的所有组合)

我的 Controller 属性:

[Authorize]
[EnableCors("http://localhost:8080", "*", "*", SupportsCredentials = true)]
[RoutePrefix("api/videos")]
public class VideosController : ApiController...

网络客户端

Ajax 调用:

$.ajaxPrefilter(function (options, originalOptions, jqXHR) {
            options.crossDomain = {
                crossDomain: true
            };
            options.xhrFields = {
                withCredentials: true
            };
        });

        function ajaxGetVideoResolutionList() {
            var request = {
                type: "GET",
                dataType: "json",
                timeout: Outpour.ajaxTimeOut,
                url: Outpour.apiRoot + "/videos/resolutions"
            };
            $.ajax(request).done(onAjaxSuccess).fail(onAjaxError);

cookies 制作:

var result = await WebApiService.Instance.AuthenticateAsync<SignInResult>(model.Email, model.Password);

            FormsAuthentication.SetAuthCookie(result.AccessToken, model.RememberMe);

            var claims = new[]
            {
                new Claim(ClaimTypes.Name, result.UserName), //Name is the default name claim type, and UserName is the one known also in Web API.
                new Claim(ClaimTypes.NameIdentifier, result.UserName) //If you want to use User.Identity.GetUserId in Web API, you need a NameIdentifier claim.
            };

            var authTicket = new AuthenticationTicket(new ClaimsIdentity(claims, DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie), new AuthenticationProperties
            {
                ExpiresUtc = result.Expires,
                IsPersistent = model.RememberMe,
                IssuedUtc = result.Issued,
                RedirectUri = redirectUrl
            });

            byte[] userData = DataSerializers.Ticket.Serialize(authTicket);

            byte[] protectedData = MachineKey.Protect(userData, new[] { "Microsoft.Owin.Security.Cookies.CookieAuthenticationMiddleware", DefaultAuthenticationTypes.ApplicationCookie, "v1" });

            string protectedText = TextEncodings.Base64Url.Encode(protectedData);

            Response.Cookies.Add(new HttpCookie("Outpour.Api.Auth")
            {
                HttpOnly = true,
                Expires = result.Expires.UtcDateTime,
                Value = protectedText
            });

最后但并非最不重要的是，我的标题。

Remote Address:127.0.0.1:8888
Request URL:http://127.0.0.1/api/videos/resolutions
Request Method:GET
Status Code:401 Unauthorized

**Request Headersview source**
Accept:application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01
Accept-Encoding:gzip,deflate,sdch
Accept-Language:en-US,en;q=0.8
Cache-Control:no-cache
Host:127.0.0.1
Origin:http://localhost:8080
Pragma:no-cache
Proxy-Connection:keep-alive
Referer:http://localhost:8080/video/upload
User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/37.0.2062.124 Safari/537.36

**Response Headersview source**
Access-Control-Allow-Credentials:true
Access-Control-Allow-Origin:http://localhost:8080
Cache-Control:no-cache
Content-Length:61
Content-Type:application/json; charset=utf-8
Date:Wed, 08 Oct 2014 04:01:19 GMT
Expires:-1
Pragma:no-cache
Server:Microsoft-IIS/8.0
WWW-Authenticate:Bearer
X-AspNet-Version:4.0.30319
X-Powered-By:ASP.NET

开发人员工具和 fiddler 声称没有随请求发送 cookie。

Answer 1

我相信您在这里混合了 cookie 身份验证和不记名 token ，您没有在授权 header 中随请求发送访问 token ，这就是您不断收到 401 的原因。
同样，您只需要使用 application.UseCors(Microsoft.Owin.Cors.CorsOptions.AllowAll); 来允许 CORS并将其从 Controller 属性中的其他位置删除，甚至从配置中删除。

检查我的 Repo here我已经实现了 CORS，前端也是 AngularJS。它工作正常。这是live demo对于这个 repo，打开开发人员工具并监控请求，在看到 HTTP get 请求之前，您应该看到飞行前请求。

如果您只需要使用不记名 token 来保护您的 API，那么我建议您阅读 Token Based Authentication邮政