python - Django collectstatic 命令在 AWS Elastic Beanstalk Amazon Linux 2 Python 3 平台中失败

Question

几天来，我一直在努力使用 Amazon Linux 2 Python 3.7 平台将我的 Django 应用程序部署到 Elastic Beanstalk。
管理部署应用程序后，我无法运行命令 python3 manage.py collectstatic --noinput为了让 nginx 能够提供静态文件，从而拥有 Django 管理页面所需的所有 CSS 样式。
现在我在 .ebextensions 目录中有一个名为“static.config”的文件，其中包含以下 YAML 代码:

container_commands:
  collectstatic:
    command: |
      source $PYTHONPATH/activate
      python3 manage.py collectstatic --noinput

我添加了行 source $PYTHONPATH/activate在第一次尝试失败后 this answer .
我还有一个名为“01_python.config”的文件，其中包含以下代码:

option_settings: 
  "aws:elasticbeanstalk:application:environment": 
    DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE: "backend_project.settings" 
    "PYTHONPATH": "/var/app/current:$PYTHONPATH"
  "aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python": 
    WSGIPath: backend_project.wsgi:application
    NumProcesses: 3
    NumThreads: 20
  "aws:elasticbeanstalk:environment:proxy:staticfiles":
    "/static/": "static/"

这是我在 cfn-init.log 中看到的堆栈跟踪:

2020-11-04 14:06:29,217 [ERROR] Command collectstatic (source $PYTHONPATH/activate
python3 manage.py collectstatic --noinput  ) failed
2020-11-04 14:06:29,218 [ERROR] Error encountered during build of postbuild_1_eduvaluer_api: Command collectstatic failed
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cfnbootstrap/construction.py", line 542, in run_config
    CloudFormationCarpenter(config, self._auth_config).build(worklog)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cfnbootstrap/construction.py", line 260, in build
    changes['commands'] = CommandTool().apply(self._config.commands)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cfnbootstrap/command_tool.py", line 117, in apply
    raise ToolError(u"Command %s failed" % name)
ToolError: Command collectstatic failed
2020-11-04 14:06:29,218 [ERROR] -----------------------BUILD FAILED!------------------------
2020-11-04 14:06:29,218 [ERROR] Unhandled exception during build: Command collectstatic failed
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/opt/aws/bin/cfn-init", line 171, in <module>
    worklog.build(metadata, configSets)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cfnbootstrap/construction.py", line 129, in build
    Contractor(metadata).build(configSets, self)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cfnbootstrap/construction.py", line 530, in build
    self.run_config(config, worklog)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cfnbootstrap/construction.py", line 542, in run_config
    CloudFormationCarpenter(config, self._auth_config).build(worklog)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cfnbootstrap/construction.py", line 260, in build
    changes['commands'] = CommandTool().apply(self._config.commands)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages/cfnbootstrap/command_tool.py", line 117, in apply
    raise ToolError(u"Command %s failed" % name)
ToolError: Command collectstatic failed

阅读此跟踪时，我想到的一个问题是:为什么要使用 python 2 来执行任何脚本？
如果有人设法解决了这个问题，我将非常感谢任何帮助。我能找到的所有文档和答案都已经过时了(对于 Amazon Linux Python 3.6 平台)。
我的 Django 应用程序需要的唯一静态文件是 Django 管理页面的样式，因为该应用程序是 Angular 应用程序的后端。
先感谢您!
编辑:

"PYTHONPATH":"/var/app/current:$PYTHONPATH"。我假设 $PYTHONPATH 应该是一个环境变量但是当我执行命令时 env要查看服务器的环境变量，PYTHONPATH 不是其中之一。

按照评论中的要求，我尝试通过 ssh 进入 de EB 实例并运行 python3 manage.py collectstatic --noinput命令。这是我得到的:

(暂存) [ec2-user@ip-172-31-94-128 current]$ python3 manage.py collectstatic --noinput
/var/app/venv/staging-LQM1lest/lib/python3.7/site-packages/environ/environ.py:639: UserWarning: E​​rror reading/var/app/current/.env - 如果你没有配置你的环境分开，检查这个。
“环境分开，检查这个。” % env_file)
回溯(最近一次调用最后一次):
文件“/var/app/venv/staging-LQM1lest/lib/python3.7/site-packages/environ/environ.py”，第 273 行，在 get_value 中
值 = self.ENVIRON[var]
文件“/usr/lib64/python3.7/os.py”，第 681 行，在 中getitem
从 None 提高 KeyError(key)
key 错误:'SECRET_KEY'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 23, in <module>
    main()
  File "manage.py", line 19, in main
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "/var/app/venv/staging-LQM1lest/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 401, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "/var/app/venv/staging-LQM1lest/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 395, in execute
    self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
  File "/var/app/venv/staging-LQM1lest/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 231, in fetch_command
    settings.INSTALLED_APPS
  File "/var/app/venv/staging-LQM1lest/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 76, in __getattr__
    self._setup(name)
  File "/var/app/venv/staging-LQM1lest/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 63, in _setup
    self._wrapped = Settings(settings_module)
  File "/var/app/venv/staging-LQM1lest/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/conf/__init__.py", line 142, in __init__
    mod = importlib.import_module(self.SETTINGS_MODULE)
  File "/usr/lib64/python3.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 728, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/var/app/current/backend_project/settings.py", line 45, in <module>
    SECRET_KEY =env("SECRET_KEY")
  File "/var/app/venv/staging-LQM1lest/lib/python3.7/site-packages/environ/environ.py", line 123, in __call__
    return self.get_value(var, cast=cast, default=default, parse_default=parse_default)
  File "/var/app/venv/staging-LQM1lest/lib/python3.7/site-packages/environ/environ.py", line 277, in get_value
    raise ImproperlyConfigured(error_msg)
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Set the SECRET_KEY environment variable

我在运行命令之前激活了虚拟环境，我知道环境变量(包括 SECRET_KEY)已加载，因为当我运行命令时 /opt/elasticbeanstalk/bin/get-config environment所有这些都打印在控制台上。这越来越令人困惑。
另一件有用的事情是所有静态文件似乎都在/static 目录中。
在我的 settings.py 文件中，我有以下内容:

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')

据我了解，这应该表明 Django 在静态目录中查找静态文件。也许我理解错了，问题就在这里。

Answer 1

嘿，我刚刚使用静态文件成功部署了我的 django 应用程序。这是我的配置的样子。
django.config

container_commands:
  01_collectstatic:
    command: "source $PYTHONPATH/activate && python manage.py collectstatic --noinput"
option_settings:
  aws:elasticbeanstalk:container:python:
    WSGIPath: appname.wsgi:application
  aws:elasticbeanstalk:environment:proxy:staticfiles:
    /static: static

设置.py

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = 'static'

环境变量适用于 ebs 环境，而不是我认为的 EC2 实例本身。当我通过 ssh 进入 EC2 实例时，我也没有看到 PYTHONPATH，但我确实在 AWS 控制台上的 Environment > Configuration > Software 的 ebs 环境的环境变量中看到了它

/var/app/venv/staging-LQM1lest/bin

这是我的文件结构:

┣ .ebextensions/
┃ ┗ django.config
┣ .elasticbeanstalk/
┃ ┗ config.yml
┣ appname/