javascript - 随机数选择后如何从列表中删除项目

Question

所以我正在为计算机科学类(class)制作一个应用程序，基本上，前提是你在披萨店工作，你必须选择客户想要的配料，这些配料是随机选择的。目前，我有一个列表中的浇头，可以用 randomNumber() 选择它们，但我不知道如何在选择后删除浇头，以避免重复。

    var toppings = ["pepperoni", "mushrooms", "pineapple", "peppers", "sausage", "sardines", 
    "bacon"];
    function newCustomer() {
      showElement("customerPic");
      for (var i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
        toppings[(randomNumber(0, 6))];
        console.log(("I would like " + toppings[(randomNumber(0,6))]) + " on my pizza, 
    please");
      }
    }

Answer 1

对我来说，最简单的方法似乎是创建一个新数组，其中包含原始 toppings 中的字符串。数组，但按随机顺序 - 您可以将该数组视为堆栈并继续从其中弹出随机元素，直到没有剩余元素为止。有关更多详细信息，请参阅代码注释:

// Your original data
var toppings = [
  "pepperoni",
  "mushrooms",
  "pineapple",
  "peppers",
  "sausage",
  "sardines",
  "bacon"
];

// A new array that contains same strings as `toppings`, but their order's randomized
const shuffledToppings = [...toppings].sort(() => Math.random() - 0.5);

// `pop` is an Array.prototype function that removes the and returns the last item in the array - this means `shuffledToppings` is shrinks by 1 each time this function is called
function newCustomer() {
  console.log(`I'd like a pizza with ${shuffledToppings.pop()}`);
}

// Call `newCustomer` function until all strings have been popped off `shuffledToppings` (i.e.< it is empty).
while (shuffledToppings.length > 0) {
  newCustomer();
}

引用: https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/pop