python - 将 getfem++ 导入 conda 环境？ - 树莓派 4 - Ubuntu 21.04

Question

在我的项目中，我使用的是 Raspberry PI 4，上面安装了 Ubuntu 21.04 (aarch64)。
我正在使用 :
- Pycharm作为我的 Python IDE
- Miniforge3有一个 conda 环境
我想安装库 getfem++和 pyvista运行这个例子:
https://getfem-examples.readthedocs.io/en/latest/demo_unit_disk.html
1) GETFEM++
我已经使用命令 sudo aptitude install python3-getfem++ 安装了 getfem++ --> 它有效
2) 派维斯塔
-与 pip install pyvista : 错误，似乎与我未能安装的 vtk 有关联。

pip install pyvista
Collecting pyvista
  Using cached pyvista-0.30.1-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 MB)
Collecting appdirs
  Using cached appdirs-1.4.4-py2.py3-none-any.whl (9.6 kB)
Collecting scooby>=0.5.1
  Using cached scooby-0.5.7-py3-none-any.whl (13 kB)
Collecting meshio<5.0,>=4.0.3
  Using cached meshio-4.4.3-py3-none-any.whl (153 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: imageio in ./.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from pyvista) (2.9.0)
Requirement already satisfied: pillow in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from pyvista) (8.1.2)
Collecting pyvista
  Using cached pyvista-0.30.0-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.29.1-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.29.0-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.28.1-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.28.0-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.27.4-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.27.3-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.27.2-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.27.1-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.27.0-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.26.1-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.26.0-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.25.3-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.25.2-py3-none-any.whl (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.25.1.tar.gz (1.2 MB)
Requirement already satisfied: numpy in ./.local/lib/python3.9/site-packages (from pyvista) (1.20.3)
  Using cached pyvista-0.24.3.tar.gz (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.24.2.tar.gz (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.24.1.tar.gz (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.24.0.tar.gz (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.23.1.tar.gz (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.23.0.tar.gz (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.22.4.tar.gz (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.22.2.tar.gz (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.22.1.tar.gz (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.22.0.tar.gz (1.2 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.21.4.tar.gz (1.1 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.21.3.tar.gz (1.1 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.21.2.tar.gz (1.1 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.21.1.tar.gz (1.1 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.21.0.tar.gz (1.1 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.20.4.tar.gz (1.1 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.20.3.tar.gz (1.1 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.20.2.tar.gz (1.1 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.20.1.tar.gz (1.1 MB)
  Using cached pyvista-0.20.0.tar.gz (1.1 MB)
ERROR: Cannot install pyvista==0.20.0, pyvista==0.20.1, pyvista==0.20.2, pyvista==0.20.3, pyvista==0.20.4, pyvista==0.21.0, pyvista==0.21.1, pyvista==0.21.2, pyvista==0.21.3, pyvista==0.21.4, pyvista==0.22.0, pyvista==0.22.1, pyvista==0.22.2, pyvista==0.22.4, pyvista==0.23.0, pyvista==0.23.1, pyvista==0.24.0, pyvista==0.24.1, pyvista==0.24.2, pyvista==0.24.3, pyvista==0.25.1, pyvista==0.25.2, pyvista==0.25.3, pyvista==0.26.0, pyvista==0.26.1, pyvista==0.27.0, pyvista==0.27.1, pyvista==0.27.2, pyvista==0.27.3, pyvista==0.27.4, pyvista==0.28.0, pyvista==0.28.1, pyvista==0.29.0, pyvista==0.29.1, pyvista==0.30.0 and pyvista==0.30.1 because these package versions have conflicting dependencies.

The conflict is caused by:
    pyvista 0.30.1 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.30.0 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.29.1 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.29.0 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.28.1 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.28.0 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.27.4 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.27.3 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.27.2 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.27.1 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.27.0 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.26.1 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.26.0 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.25.3 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.25.2 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.25.1 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.24.3 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.24.2 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.24.1 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.24.0 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.23.1 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.23.0 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.22.4 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.22.2 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.22.1 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.22.0 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.21.4 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.21.3 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.21.2 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.21.1 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.21.0 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.20.4 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.20.3 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.20.2 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.20.1 depends on vtk
    pyvista 0.20.0 depends on vtk

To fix this you could try to:
1. loosen the range of package versions you've specified
2. remove package versions to allow pip attempt to solve the dependency conflict

ERROR: ResolutionImpossible: for help visit https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/user_guide/#fixing-conflicting-dependencies

-带 conda 环境(来自 miniforge3):可以毫无困难地安装 pyvista。
在这一点上，我问自己是否可以使用 conda 环境并将路径添加到 Pycharm 中的 getfem++ 库？
我创建了一个 .pth 文件在 /home/alban/miniforge3/envs/Conda_PY39/lib/python3.9/site-packages和 :

/usr/lib/python3.9/dist-packages
/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages
/lib/python3/dist-packages
/lib/python3.9/dist-packages

有了这个，我似乎检测到了“getfem”和“pyvista”，但我收到了这个错误:

/home/alban/miniforge3/envs/Conda_PY39/bin/python /home/alban/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/main.py
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/alban/PycharmProjects/pythonProject/main.py", line 1, in <module>
    import getfem as gf
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/getfem/__init__.py", line 16, in <module>
    from .getfem import *
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/getfem/getfem.py", line 44, in <module>
    from ._getfem import *
ImportError: /home/alban/miniforge3/envs/Conda_PY39/bin/../lib/libgfortran.so.5: version `GFORTRAN_10' not found (required by /lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libdmumps_seq-5.3.so)

Process finished with exit code 1

我真的不知道还有什么可以尝试的建议？

Answer 1

我成功地在 Rpi4 上安装了 getfem++ 和 pyvista(没有 conda)。
我在本文末尾发布了我的方法 github discussion
希望能帮到你!
我采取的步骤的简要列表(在链接的讨论中有详细信息):

安装 Ubuntu 20.04 以获得 Python 3.8.6。

安装 python3-getfem++与 apt

从源代码构建 vtk，因为 Rpi4 使用的 arm64 架构没有轮子

使用 --no-dependencies 安装 PyVista切换到手动安装的依赖项

手动安装 PyVista 的其他依赖项(使用 PC 和 pip 将 pyvista 安装到新的 virtualenv 中可以帮助收集依赖项，如果不想去 PyVista 的 setup.py 中查找依赖项)

安装包(尤其是 xvfb )以获得用于绘图的虚拟帧缓冲区。