docker - 为什么 `docker-compose.yml` 中指定的 ARGS 在 `Dockerfile` 中可用于 `docker compose run` 而不是 `docker compose build` ？

Question

对 Docker 和 Compose 来说相对较新，但我已经阅读了 Docker Compose 文档的每一封信，并且在 SO 周围徘徊了几个小时没有成功，没有解决上述问题。
我有一个(示例)目录，其中包含以下文件:./Dockerfile :

# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
ARG CUSTOM_NODE_VERSION

FROM node:$CUSTOM_NODE_VERSION

ARG CUSTOM_NODE_VERSION
ARG HELLO

RUN echo "HELLO: -> $HELLO"
RUN echo "NODE_VERSION -> $NODE_VERSION"
RUN echo "CUSTOM_NODE_VERSION -> $CUSTOM_NODE_VERSION"

./docker-compose.yml :

version: "3.8"

services:
  test:
    build:
      context: .
      dockerfile: Dockerfile
      args:
        CUSTOM_NODE_VERSION: alpine
        HELLO: 5

我想要的是 docker compose build 使用 args 文件中指定的 docker-compose.yml，但它没有:

> docker compose build test           
[+] Building 0.8s (4/4) FINISHED                                                                                          
 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                                                                 0.1s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 32B                                                                                  0.0s
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                                                    0.0s
 => => transferring context: 2B                                                                                      0.0s
 => resolve image config for docker.io/docker/dockerfile:1                                                           0.5s
 => CACHED docker-image://docker.io/docker/dockerfile:1@sha256:e2a8561e419ab1ba6b2fe6cbdf49fd92b95912df1cf7d313c3e2  0.0s
failed to solve: rpc error: code = Unknown desc = failed to solve with frontend dockerfile.v0: failed to solve with frontend gateway.v0: rpc error: code = Unknown desc = failed to create LLB definition: failed to parse stage name "node:": invalid reference format

但 run 工作正常:

docker compose run test  
[+] Running 1/1
 ⠿ Network compose-args_default  Created                                                                             4.3s
[+] Building 3.1s (10/10) FINISHED                                                                                        
 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                                                                 0.0s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 32B                                                                                  0.0s
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                                                                    0.0s
 => => transferring context: 2B                                                                                      0.0s
 => resolve image config for docker.io/docker/dockerfile:1                                                           0.5s
 => CACHED docker-image://docker.io/docker/dockerfile:1@sha256:e2a8561e419ab1ba6b2fe6cbdf49fd92b95912df1cf7d313c3e2  0.0s
 => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/node:alpine                                                       1.0s
 => CACHED [1/4] FROM docker.io/library/node:alpine@sha256:f372a9ffcec27159dc9623bad29997a1b61eafbb145dbf4f7a64568b  0.0s
 => [2/4] RUN echo "HELLO: -> 5"                                                                                     0.5s
 => [3/4] RUN echo "NODE_VERSION -> 16.3.0"                                                                          0.3s
 => [4/4] RUN echo "CUSTOM_NODE_VERSION -> alpine"                                                                   0.5s
 => exporting to image                                                                                               0.1s
 => => exporting layers                                                                                              0.0s
 => => writing image sha256:e61653277599e3555b67c1a50699dd83d5c1ed1a93fe8a1a16529c6ec20e3e31                         0.0s
 => => naming to docker.io/library/compose-args_test 

这对我来说更令人困惑，因为根据 Compose docs :

args

Add build arguments, which are environment variables accessible only during the build process.

非常感谢任何帮助🙏🏻

Answer 1

构建参数为 only recently added to compose-cli .最有可能的变化还没有达到 docker compose 的版本你在运行。您可以使用 docker-compose build (带有 - )直到此功能到达您的安装。