static-libraries - Automake 将两个静态库合二为一

Question

我正在尝试将预建静态库中的符号包含到我正在构建的静态库中。然后在可执行文件中使用我正在构建的静态库。我遇到的问题是我在我的静态库中从另一个静态库中获取了 undefined symbol 。这意味着我需要从预先构建的静态库中获取的符号没有包含在我的静态库中。

使用自动工具执行此操作的正确方法是什么？我知道我需要取消存档预构建并将这些 .o 文件包含在我的存档中。我只是不知道如何使用 automake 来做到这一点。

下面是我的 makefile.am，我目前遇到的相关构建错误。

lib_LTLIBRARIES = lib_xml_wrapper.la

# List your sources           
lib_xml_wrapper_la_SOURCES = \
  xml_system.cpp              

lib_xml_wrapper_la_LDFLAGS = -static -l$(WRAPPER_LDFLAGS)
lib_xml_wrapper_la_CXXFLAGS = -DXERCES_STATIC_LIBRARY
lib_xml_wrapper_la_CPPFLAGS = -I../.. $(WRAPPER_CPPFLAGS)

其中 $(WRAPPER_CPPFLAGS) 和 $(WRAPPER_LDFLAGS) 定义为:

-I../../../external/xerces-c-3.1.1-x86_64-linux-gcc-3.4/include -DXERCES_STATIC_LIBRARY

and 

-static -l../../../external/xerces-c-3.1.1-x86_64-linux-gcc-3.4/lib/libxerces-c.a

我的构建错误是

make  all-recursive
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml'
Making all in xml_wrapper
make[2]: Entering directory `/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper'
/bin/sh ../libtool  --tag=CXX   --mode=compile g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..  -I../.. -DLINUX -DAMD64 -I../../../external/xerces-c-3.1.1-x86_64-linux-gcc-3.4/include  -DXERCES_STATIC_LIBRARY -g -O2 -MT lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.lo -MD -MP -MF .deps/lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.Tpo -c -o lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.lo `test -f 'xml_system.cpp' || echo './'`xml_system.cpp
libtool: compile:  g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I.. -I../.. -DLINUX -DAMD64 -I../../../external/xerces-c-3.1.1-x86_64-linux-gcc-3.4/include -DXERCES_STATIC_LIBRARY -g -O2 -MT lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.lo -MD -MP -MF .deps/lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.Tpo -c xml_system.cpp  -fPIC -DPIC -o .libs/lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.o
libtool: compile:  g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I.. -I../.. -DLINUX -DAMD64 -I../../../external/xerces-c-3.1.1-x86_64-linux-gcc-3.4/include -DXERCES_STATIC_LIBRARY -g -O2 -MT lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.lo -MD -MP -MF .deps/lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.Tpo -c xml_system.cpp -o lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.o >/dev/null 2>&1
mv -f .deps/lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.Tpo .deps/lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.Plo
/bin/sh ../libtool  --tag=CXX   --mode=link g++ -DXERCES_STATIC_LIBRARY -g -O2 -static -l../../../external/xerces-c-3.1.1-x86_64-linux-gcc-3.4/lib/libxerces-c.a  -o lib_xml_wrapper.la -rpath /usr/local/lib lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.lo  
libtool: link: ar cru .libs/lib_xml_wrapper.a  lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.o
libtool: link: ranlib .libs/lib_xml_wrapper.a
libtool: link: ( cd ".libs" && rm -f "lib_xml_wrapper.la" && ln -s "../lib_xml_wrapper.la" "lib_xml_wrapper.la" )
make[2]: Leaving directory `/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper'
Making all in xml_wrapper_tester
make[2]: Entering directory `/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper_tester'
g++ -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I..   -DLINUX -DAMD64 -I../../../external/xerces-c-3.1.1-x86_64-linux-gcc-3.4/include -I../xml_wrapper -I../../../tools/unit_tests/cxxtest-4.2.1/ -I../..   -g -O2 -MT xml_wrapper_tester-runner.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/xml_wrapper_tester-runner.Tpo -c -o xml_wrapper_tester-runner.o `test -f 'runner.cpp' || echo './'`runner.cpp
mv -f .deps/xml_wrapper_tester-runner.Tpo .deps/xml_wrapper_tester-runner.Po
/bin/sh ../libtool  --tag=CXX   --mode=link g++  -g -O2   -o xml_wrapper_tester xml_wrapper_tester-runner.o ../xml_wrapper/.libs/lib_xml_wrapper.a 
libtool: link: g++ -g -O2 -o xml_wrapper_tester xml_wrapper_tester-runner.o  ../xml_wrapper/.libs/lib_xml_wrapper.a
/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.2/../../../../lib64/crt1.o: In function `_start':
(.text+0x20): undefined reference to `main'
xml_wrapper_tester-runner.o: In function `xercesc_3_1::XMLAttDefList::~XMLAttDefList()':
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper_tester/../../../external/xerces-c-3.1.1-x86_64-linux-gcc-3.4/include/xercesc/framework/XMLAttDefList.hpp:158: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMemory::operator delete(void*)'
xml_wrapper_tester-runner.o: In function `xercesc_3_1::HandlerBase::fatalError(xercesc_3_1::SAXParseException const&)':
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper_tester/../../../external/xerces-c-3.1.1-x86_64-linux-gcc-3.4/include/xercesc/sax/HandlerBase.hpp:398: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::SAXParseException::SAXParseException(xercesc_3_1::SAXParseException const&)'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper_tester/../../../external/xerces-c-3.1.1-x86_64-linux-gcc-3.4/include/xercesc/sax/HandlerBase.hpp:398: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::SAXParseException::~SAXParseException()'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper_tester/../../../external/xerces-c-3.1.1-x86_64-linux-gcc-3.4/include/xercesc/sax/HandlerBase.hpp:398: undefined reference to `typeinfo for xercesc_3_1::SAXParseException'
xml_wrapper_tester-runner.o: In function `xercesc_3_1::DTDEntityDecl::~DTDEntityDecl()':
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper_tester/../../../external/xerces-c-3.1.1-x86_64-linux-gcc-3.4/include/xercesc/validators/DTD/DTDEntityDecl.hpp:160: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLEntityDecl::~XMLEntityDecl()'
xml_wrapper_tester-runner.o: In function `~DTDEntityDecl':
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper_tester/../../../external/xerces-c-3.1.1-x86_64-linux-gcc-3.4/include/xercesc/validators/DTD/DTDEntityDecl.hpp:160: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLEntityDecl::~XMLEntityDecl()'
xml_wrapper_tester-runner.o: In function `xercesc_3_1::DTDEntityDecl::~DTDEntityDecl()':
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper_tester/../../../external/xerces-c-3.1.1-x86_64-linux-gcc-3.4/include/xercesc/validators/DTD/DTDEntityDecl.hpp:162: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMemory::operator delete(void*)'
xml_wrapper_tester-runner.o:(.rodata._ZTIN11xercesc_3_113DTDEntityDeclE[_ZTIN11xercesc_3_113DTDEntityDeclE]+0x10): undefined reference to `typeinfo for xercesc_3_1::XMLEntityDecl'
xml_wrapper_tester-runner.o:(.rodata._ZTVN11xercesc_3_113XMLAttDefListE[_ZTVN11xercesc_3_113XMLAttDefListE]+0x20): undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLAttDefList::isSerializable() const'
xml_wrapper_tester-runner.o:(.rodata._ZTVN11xercesc_3_113XMLAttDefListE[_ZTVN11xercesc_3_113XMLAttDefListE]+0x28): undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLAttDefList::serialize(xercesc_3_1::XSerializeEngine&)'
xml_wrapper_tester-runner.o:(.rodata._ZTVN11xercesc_3_113XMLAttDefListE[_ZTVN11xercesc_3_113XMLAttDefListE]+0x30): undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLAttDefList::getProtoType() const'
xml_wrapper_tester-runner.o:(.rodata._ZTVN11xercesc_3_113DTDEntityDeclE[_ZTVN11xercesc_3_113DTDEntityDeclE]+0x20): undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::DTDEntityDecl::isSerializable() const'
xml_wrapper_tester-runner.o:(.rodata._ZTVN11xercesc_3_113DTDEntityDeclE[_ZTVN11xercesc_3_113DTDEntityDeclE]+0x28): undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::DTDEntityDecl::serialize(xercesc_3_1::XSerializeEngine&)'
xml_wrapper_tester-runner.o:(.rodata._ZTVN11xercesc_3_113DTDEntityDeclE[_ZTVN11xercesc_3_113DTDEntityDeclE]+0x30): undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::DTDEntityDecl::getProtoType() const'
../xml_wrapper/.libs/lib_xml_wrapper.a(lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.o): In function `rule_builder::xml_system::startElement(unsigned short const*, xercesc_3_1::AttributeList&)':
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:130: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:130: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLString::transcode(unsigned short const*, xercesc_3_1::MemoryManager*)'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:132: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:132: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLString::release(char**, xercesc_3_1::MemoryManager*)'
../xml_wrapper/.libs/lib_xml_wrapper.a(lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.o): In function `rule_builder::xml_system::fatalError(xercesc_3_1::SAXParseException const&)':
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:139: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:139: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLString::transcode(unsigned short const*, xercesc_3_1::MemoryManager*)'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:141: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:141: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLString::release(char**, xercesc_3_1::MemoryManager*)'
../xml_wrapper/.libs/lib_xml_wrapper.a(lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.o): In function `rule_builder::xml_system::deinitialize()':
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:40: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLPlatformUtils::Terminate()'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:42: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:42: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLString::transcode(unsigned short const*, xercesc_3_1::MemoryManager*)'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:43: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:43: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLString::release(char**, xercesc_3_1::MemoryManager*)'
../xml_wrapper/.libs/lib_xml_wrapper.a(lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.o): In function `rule_builder::xml_system::parse_and_validate(std::string const&, std::string const&)':
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:61: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XercesDOMParser::resetCachedGrammarPool()'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:83: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::AbstractDOMParser::parse(char const*)'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:70: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XercesDOMParser::loadGrammar(char const*, xercesc_3_1::Grammar::GrammarType, bool)'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:86: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::AbstractDOMParser::getDocument()'
../xml_wrapper/.libs/lib_xml_wrapper.a(lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.o): In function `rule_builder::xml_system::xml_system()':
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:27: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:27: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XercesDOMParser::XercesDOMParser(xercesc_3_1::XMLValidator*, xercesc_3_1::MemoryManager*, xercesc_3_1::XMLGrammarPool*)'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:29: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::AbstractDOMParser::setDoNamespaces(bool)'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:30: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::AbstractDOMParser::setDoSchema(bool)'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:32: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XercesDOMParser::cacheGrammarFromParse(bool)'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:33: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XercesDOMParser::setErrorHandler(xercesc_3_1::ErrorHandler*)'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:34: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::AbstractDOMParser::setValidationScheme(xercesc_3_1::AbstractDOMParser::ValSchemes)'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:27: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XercesDOMParser::~XercesDOMParser()'
../xml_wrapper/.libs/lib_xml_wrapper.a(lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.o): In function `rule_builder::xml_system::initialize()':
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:11: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLUni::fgXercescDefaultLocale'
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:11: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XMLPlatformUtils::Initialize(char const*, char const*, xercesc_3_1::PanicHandler*, xercesc_3_1::MemoryManager*)'
../xml_wrapper/.libs/lib_xml_wrapper.a(lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.o): In function `rule_builder::xml_system::~xml_system()':
/home/mehoggan/Devel/RuleSimulator/src/xml/xml_wrapper/xml_system.cpp:47: undefined reference to `xercesc_3_1::XercesDOMParser::~XercesDOMParser()'
../xml_wrapper/.libs/lib_xml_wrapper.a(lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.o):(.gcc_except_table+0x1c): undefined reference to `typeinfo for xercesc_3_1::XMLException'
../xml_wrapper/.libs/lib_xml_wrapper.a(lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.o):(.gcc_except_table+0xdc): undefined reference to `typeinfo for xercesc_3_1::XMLException'
../xml_wrapper/.libs/lib_xml_wrapper.a(lib_xml_wrapper_la-xml_system.o):(.gcc_except_table+0x10c): undefined reference to `typeinfo for xercesc_3_1::XMLException'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

Answer 1

做这样的事情可能比使用 libtool 更容易因为你基本上
只需将一些目标文件添加到原始静态库中即可。在这个例子中，我假设 WRAPPER_LDFLAGS是您想要添加对象的静态库(例如 ../../../external/xerces-c-3.1.1-x86_64-linux-gcc-3.4/lib/libxerces-c.a ):

lib_LIBRARIES = lib_xml_wrapper.a

# List your sources           
lib_xml_wrapper_a_SOURCES = \
  xml_system.cpp              

lib_xml_wrapper_a_CXXFLAGS = -DXERCES_STATIC_LIBRARY
lib_xml_wrapper_a_CPPFLAGS = -I../.. $(WRAPPER_CPPFLAGS)

lib_xml_wrapper.a: $(lib_xml_wrapper_a_OBJECTS) $(WRAPPER_LDFLAGS)
        -rm -f $@
        cp $(WRAPPER_LDFLAGS) $@
        $(AR) r $@ $(lib_xml_wrapper_a_OBJECTS)
        $(RANLIB) $@

这样就无需从原始库中解压、跟踪和清理所有讨厌的目标文件。