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我有一个带有 I2C 背负式适配器的 2 x 16 LCD 显示器。作为一个简单的开始,我只是显示编码器值。但是,当我转动编码器时,我会在不同区域的液晶显示屏上看到奇怪的文字。有时显示会恢复并仅显示“编码器:X”,第二行为空:
#!/usr/bin/python3 -u
import time
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import lcd_i2c
from encoder import Encoder
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
switch_pin = 13
encoder_down_pin = 6
encoder_up_pin = 5
GPIO.setup(switch_pin, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD_UP)
encoder_value = 0
mylcd = lcd_i2c.lcd()
def valueChanged(value):
encoder_value = value
print(encoder_value)
mylcd.lcd_clear()
mylcd.lcd_display_string(f"Encoder: {encoder_value}", 1)
e1 = Encoder(encoder_down_pin, encoder_up_pin, callback=valueChanged)
while True:
time.sleep(60)
# lcd_i2c.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Original code found at:
# https://gist.github.com/DenisFromHR/cc863375a6e19dce359d
"""
Compiled, mashed and generally mutilated 2014-2015 by Denis Pleic
Made available under GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
# Modified Python I2C library for Raspberry Pi
# as found on http://www.recantha.co.uk/blog/?p=4849
# Joined existing 'i2c_lib.py' and 'lcddriver.py' into a single library
# added bits and pieces from various sources
# By DenisFromHR (Denis Pleic)
# 2015-02-10, ver 0.1
"""
# i2c bus (0 -- original Pi, 1 -- Rev 2 Pi)
I2CBUS = 1
# LCD Address
ADDRESS = 0x27
import smbus
from time import sleep
class i2c_device:
def __init__(self, addr, port=I2CBUS):
self.addr = addr
self.bus = smbus.SMBus(port)
# Write a single command
def write_cmd(self, cmd):
self.bus.write_byte(self.addr, cmd)
sleep(0.0001)
# Write a command and argument
def write_cmd_arg(self, cmd, data):
self.bus.write_byte_data(self.addr, cmd, data)
sleep(0.0001)
# Write a block of data
def write_block_data(self, cmd, data):
self.bus.write_block_data(self.addr, cmd, data)
sleep(0.0001)
# Read a single byte
def read(self):
return self.bus.read_byte(self.addr)
# Read
def read_data(self, cmd):
return self.bus.read_byte_data(self.addr, cmd)
# Read a block of data
def read_block_data(self, cmd):
return self.bus.read_block_data(self.addr, cmd)
# commands
LCD_CLEARDISPLAY = 0x01
LCD_RETURNHOME = 0x02
LCD_ENTRYMODESET = 0x04
LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL = 0x08
LCD_CURSORSHIFT = 0x10
LCD_FUNCTIONSET = 0x20
LCD_SETCGRAMADDR = 0x40
LCD_SETDDRAMADDR = 0x80
# flags for display entry mode
LCD_ENTRYRIGHT = 0x00
LCD_ENTRYLEFT = 0x02
LCD_ENTRYSHIFTINCREMENT = 0x01
LCD_ENTRYSHIFTDECREMENT = 0x00
# flags for display on/off control
LCD_DISPLAYON = 0x04
LCD_DISPLAYOFF = 0x00
LCD_CURSORON = 0x02
LCD_CURSOROFF = 0x00
LCD_BLINKON = 0x01
LCD_BLINKOFF = 0x00
# flags for display/cursor shift
LCD_DISPLAYMOVE = 0x08
LCD_CURSORMOVE = 0x00
LCD_MOVERIGHT = 0x04
LCD_MOVELEFT = 0x00
# flags for function set
LCD_8BITMODE = 0x10
LCD_4BITMODE = 0x00
LCD_2LINE = 0x08
LCD_1LINE = 0x00
LCD_5x10DOTS = 0x04
LCD_5x8DOTS = 0x00
# flags for backlight control
LCD_BACKLIGHT = 0x08
LCD_NOBACKLIGHT = 0x00
En = 0b00000100 # Enable bit
Rw = 0b00000010 # Read/Write bit
Rs = 0b00000001 # Register select bit
class lcd:
#initializes objects and lcd
def __init__(self):
self.lcd_device = i2c_device(ADDRESS)
self.lcd_write(0x03)
self.lcd_write(0x03)
self.lcd_write(0x03)
self.lcd_write(0x02)
self.lcd_write(LCD_FUNCTIONSET | LCD_2LINE | LCD_5x8DOTS | LCD_4BITMODE)
self.lcd_write(LCD_DISPLAYCONTROL | LCD_DISPLAYON)
self.lcd_write(LCD_CLEARDISPLAY)
self.lcd_write(LCD_ENTRYMODESET | LCD_ENTRYLEFT)
sleep(0.2)
# clocks EN to latch command
def lcd_strobe(self, data):
self.lcd_device.write_cmd(data | En | LCD_BACKLIGHT)
sleep(.0005)
self.lcd_device.write_cmd(((data & ~En) | LCD_BACKLIGHT))
sleep(.0001)
def lcd_write_four_bits(self, data):
self.lcd_device.write_cmd(data | LCD_BACKLIGHT)
self.lcd_strobe(data)
# write a command to lcd
def lcd_write(self, cmd, mode=0):
self.lcd_write_four_bits(mode | (cmd & 0xF0))
self.lcd_write_four_bits(mode | ((cmd << 4) & 0xF0))
# write a character to lcd (or character rom) 0x09: backlight | RS=DR<
# works!
def lcd_write_char(self, charvalue, mode=1):
self.lcd_write_four_bits(mode | (charvalue & 0xF0))
self.lcd_write_four_bits(mode | ((charvalue << 4) & 0xF0))
# put string function with optional char positioning
def lcd_display_string(self, string, line=1, pos=0):
if line == 1:
pos_new = pos
elif line == 2:
pos_new = 0x40 + pos
elif line == 3:
pos_new = 0x14 + pos
elif line == 4:
pos_new = 0x54 + pos
self.lcd_write(0x80 + pos_new)
for char in string:
self.lcd_write(ord(char), Rs)
# clear lcd and set to home
def lcd_clear(self):
self.lcd_write(LCD_CLEARDISPLAY)
self.lcd_write(LCD_RETURNHOME)
# define backlight on/off (lcd.backlight(1); off= lcd.backlight(0)
def backlight(self, state): # for state, 1 = on, 0 = off
if state == 1:
self.lcd_device.write_cmd(LCD_BACKLIGHT)
elif state == 0:
self.lcd_device.write_cmd(LCD_NOBACKLIGHT)
# add custom characters (0 - 7)
def lcd_load_custom_chars(self, fontdata):
self.lcd_write(0x40);
for char in fontdata:
for line in char:
self.lcd_write_char(line)
# encoder.py
# Class to monitor a rotary encoder and update a value. You can either read the value when you need it, by calling getValue(), or
# you can configure a callback which will be called whenever the value changes.
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
class Encoder:
def __init__(self, leftPin, rightPin, callback=None):
self.leftPin = leftPin
self.rightPin = rightPin
self.value = 0
self.state = '00'
self.direction = None
self.callback = callback
GPIO.setup(self.leftPin, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD_DOWN)
GPIO.setup(self.rightPin, GPIO.IN, pull_up_down=GPIO.PUD_DOWN)
GPIO.add_event_detect(self.leftPin, GPIO.BOTH, callback=self.transitionOccurred)
GPIO.add_event_detect(self.rightPin, GPIO.BOTH, callback=self.transitionOccurred)
def transitionOccurred(self, channel):
p1 = GPIO.input(self.leftPin)
p2 = GPIO.input(self.rightPin)
newState = "{}{}".format(p1, p2)
if self.state == "00": # Resting position
if newState == "01": # Turned right 1
self.direction = "R"
elif newState == "10": # Turned left 1
self.direction = "L"
elif self.state == "01": # R1 or L3 position
if newState == "11": # Turned right 1
self.direction = "R"
elif newState == "00": # Turned left 1
if self.direction == "L":
self.value = self.value - 1
if self.callback is not None:
self.callback(self.value)
elif self.state == "10": # R3 or L1
if newState == "11": # Turned left 1
self.direction = "L"
elif newState == "00": # Turned right 1
if self.direction == "R":
self.value = self.value + 1
if self.callback is not None:
self.callback(self.value)
else: # self.state == "11"
if newState == "01": # Turned left 1
self.direction = "L"
elif newState == "10": # Turned right 1
self.direction = "R"
elif newState == "00": # Skipped an intermediate 01 or 10 state, but if we know direction then a turn is complete
if self.direction == "L":
self.value = self.value - 1
if self.callback is not None:
self.callback(self.value)
elif self.direction == "R":
self.value = self.value + 1
if self.callback is not None:
self.callback(self.value)
self.state = newState
def getValue(self):
return self.value
i2c lcd script 的学分去它的作者DenisFromHR
最佳答案
你的LCD模块内部使用的是4位接口(interface)模式;命令或数据的每个字节都写在两个 4 位 block 中。没有办法告诉下一个 block 是预期的,除了完全重新初始化 LCD 之外没有办法强制开始一个新字节——你只需要小心总是成对发送 block 。如果您丢失了其中一个 block ,LCD 将从该点开始显示乱码(直到另一个 block 丢失),因为它接收的字节将由发送的两个不同字节的一半组成。
这就是正是这里出了什么问题。这是“编码器:”消息的前几个字节,以十六进制表示:
45 6E 63 6F 64 65 72 3A
这是你得到的重复垃圾字符串的开始,也是十六进制:
56 E6 36 F6 46 57 23 A2
请注意,这是完全相同的数据,只是移动了一位十六进制数。
我看不出为什么会发生这种情况的明显原因,但我首先要尝试的是将 lcd_strobe()
中的那些 sleep()
增加一个因子100 左右,以防它们的长度不足以让 LCD 模块可靠地读取 block 。
关于Python I2C LCD 驱动程序显示奇怪的字符,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/68367964/
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