ms-access - 使用波浪号分隔符将 MSAccess 表导出为 Unicode

Question

我想从 MSAccess2003 中导出几个表的内容。
这些表包含 unicode 日文字符。
我想将它们存储为波浪号分隔的文本文件。

我可以使用文件/导出手动执行此操作，并在“高级”对话框中选择波浪号作为字段分隔符和 Unicode 作为代码页。

我可以将其存储为导出规范，但这似乎是特定于表的。

我想使用 VBA 代码导出许多表。

到目前为止，我已经尝试过:

子导出表()

Dim lTbl As Long
Dim dBase As Database
Dim TableName As String

Set dBase = CurrentDb

For lTbl = 0 To dBase.TableDefs.Count
     'If the table name is a temporary or system table then ignore it
    If Left(dBase.TableDefs(lTbl).Name, 1) = "~" Or _
    Left(dBase.TableDefs(lTbl).Name, 4) = "MSYS" Then
         '~ indicates a temporary table
         'MSYS indicates a system level table
    Else
      TableName = dBase.TableDefs(lTbl).Name
      DoCmd.TransferText acExportDelim, "UnicodeTilde", TableName, "c:\" + TableName + ".txt", True
    End If
Next lTbl
Set dBase = Nothing

结束子

当我运行它时，我得到一个异常:

运行时错误“3011”:
Microsoft Jet 数据库引擎找不到对象“Allowance1#txt”。请确保该对象存在并且您正确拼写了它的名称和路径名称。

如果我此时调试，TableName 是“Allowance1”，正如预期的那样。

我猜我的 UnicodeTilde 导出规范是特定于表的，所以我不能将它用于多个表。

解决办法是什么？我应该使用 TransferText 以外的其他东西，还是以编程方式创建导出规范？

任何帮助表示赞赏。

Answer 1

我最终解决了这个问题。 (我现在使用的是 Access 2007，但遇到了与 Access 2003 相同的问题。)

首先，什么不起作用:

即使使用格式正确的 schema.ini，TransferText 也只会使标题行 unicode 和波浪号分隔。 (不，我没有把它全部放在一行上，这只是 stackoverflow 上 html 的格式问题。)

[MyTable.txt]
CharacterSet = Unicode
Format = Delimited(~)
ColNameHeader = True
NumberDigits = 10
Col1= "Col1" Char Width 10
Col2= "Col2" Integer
Col3= "Col3" Char Width 2

只需使用 select 语句:

SELECT * INTO [Text;DATABASE=c:\export\;FMT=Delimited(~)].[MyTable.txt] FROM [MyTable]

完全忽略了 FMT。我发现很难找到有关参数格式的文档。无论我在 FMT 参数中输入什么，我唯一能开始工作的就是 Fixed。其他所有内容都被视为 CSVDelimited。我可以检查这一点，因为 select 语句创建了一个 schema.ini 文件，如下所示:

[MyTable.txt]
ColNameHeader=True
CharacterSet=1252
Format=CSVDelimited
Col1=Col1 Char Width 10
Col2=Col2 Integer
Col3=Col3 Char Width 2

我最终的解决方案是创建自己的 schema.ini，然后使用 select 语句。我的模块代码如下所示:

Option Compare Database
Option Explicit

    Public Function CreateSchemaFile(bIncFldNames As Boolean, _
                                       sPath As String, _
                                       sSectionName As String, _
                                       sTblQryName As String) As Boolean


         Dim Msg As String
         On Local Error GoTo CreateSchemaFile_Err
         Dim ws As Workspace, db As Database
         Dim tblDef As TableDef, fldDef As Field
         Dim i As Integer, Handle As Integer
         Dim fldName As String, fldDataInfo As String
         ' -----------------------------------------------
         ' Set DAO objects.
         ' -----------------------------------------------
         Set db = CurrentDb()
         ' -----------------------------------------------
         ' Open schema file for append.
         ' -----------------------------------------------
         Handle = FreeFile
         Open sPath & "schema.ini" For Output Access Write As #Handle
         ' -----------------------------------------------
         ' Write schema header.
         ' -----------------------------------------------
         Print #Handle, "[" & sSectionName & "]"
         Print #Handle, "CharacterSet = Unicode"
         Print #Handle, "Format = Delimited(~)"
         Print #Handle, "ColNameHeader = " & _
                         IIf(bIncFldNames, "True", "False")
         Print #Handle, "NumberDigits = 10"
         ' -----------------------------------------------
         ' Get data concerning schema file.
         ' -----------------------------------------------
         Set tblDef = db.TableDefs(sTblQryName)
         With tblDef
            For i = 0 To .Fields.Count - 1
               Set fldDef = .Fields(i)
               With fldDef
                  fldName = .Name
                  Select Case .Type
                     Case dbBoolean
                        fldDataInfo = "Bit"
                     Case dbByte
                        fldDataInfo = "Byte"
                     Case dbInteger
                        fldDataInfo = "Short"
                     Case dbLong
                        fldDataInfo = "Integer"
                     Case dbCurrency
                        fldDataInfo = "Currency"
                     Case dbSingle
                        fldDataInfo = "Single"
                     Case dbDouble
                        fldDataInfo = "Double"
                     Case dbDate
                        fldDataInfo = "Date"
                     Case dbText
                        fldDataInfo = "Char Width " & Format$(.Size)
                     Case dbLongBinary
                        fldDataInfo = "OLE"
                     Case dbMemo
                        fldDataInfo = "LongChar"
                     Case dbGUID
                        fldDataInfo = "Char Width 16"
                  End Select
                  Print #Handle, "Col" & Format$(i + 1) _
                                  & "= """ & fldName & """" & Space$(1); "" _
                                  & fldDataInfo
               End With
            Next i
         End With
         CreateSchemaFile = True
CreateSchemaFile_End:
         Close Handle
         Exit Function
CreateSchemaFile_Err:
         Msg = "Error #: " & Format$(Err.Number) & vbCrLf
         Msg = Msg & Err.Description
         MsgBox Msg
         Resume CreateSchemaFile_End
      End Function

Public Function ExportATable(TableName As String)
Dim ThePath As String
Dim FileName As String
Dim TheQuery As String
Dim Exporter As QueryDef
ThePath = "c:\export\"
FileName = TableName + ".txt"
CreateSchemaFile True, ThePath, FileName, TableName
On Error GoTo IgnoreDeleteFileErrors
FileSystem.Kill ThePath + FileName
IgnoreDeleteFileErrors:
TheQuery = "SELECT * INTO [Text;DATABASE=" + ThePath + "].[" + FileName + "] FROM [" + TableName + "]"
Set Exporter = CurrentDb.CreateQueryDef("", TheQuery)
Exporter.Execute
End Function


Sub ExportTables()

    Dim lTbl As Long
    Dim dBase As Database
    Dim TableName As String

    Set dBase = CurrentDb

    For lTbl = 0 To dBase.TableDefs.Count - 1
         'If the table name is a temporary or system table then ignore it
        If Left(dBase.TableDefs(lTbl).Name, 1) = "~" Or _
        Left(dBase.TableDefs(lTbl).Name, 4) = "MSYS" Then
             '~ indicates a temporary table
             'MSYS indicates a system level table
        Else
          TableName = dBase.TableDefs(lTbl).Name
          ExportATable (TableName)
        End If
    Next lTbl
    Set dBase = Nothing
End Sub

我没有声称这很优雅，但它确实有效。另请注意，stackoverflow 代码格式化程序不喜欢我的\"，因此它不能很好地打印我的代码。