C - 使用队列在线程之间传递消息的问题

Question

我正在尝试使用队列在 2 个线程之间传递消息，但到目前为止我还没有得到任何结果。当我在收到消息之后和发送之前打印消息的内容时，它似乎只是将其值保持在胎面中。我需要用 1 个服务器线程和多个客户端线程来实现它，但现在我只使用其中的 1 个。这是我的代码

struct msg                                //struct for client requests to server
{
        long mtype;
        int numResources;           //number of resources to be requested
        int ID;                     //ID associated with client thread
};                                         

int c1PID;                              //process ID variable for client thread 1
int serverPID;

key_t key1;
key_t keyS;

int msqid1;
int msqidS;

int main(int arc, char *argv[])
{
        key1 = ftok(".", '1');      //queue for client thread 1 to receive msgs from server
        msqid1 = msgget(key1, 666 | IPC_CREAT);

        keyS = ftok(".", 's');                          //general queue for server
        msqidS = msgget(keyS, 666 | IPC_CREAT);

        pthread_t threads[2];              //create an array of pthreads

        if ((serverPID = pthread_create(&threads[0], NULL, server, NULL)) != 0)
        {
                perror("server thread");
                exit(1);
        }

        if ((c1PID = pthread_create(&threads[1], NULL, client, NULL)) != 0)
        {
                perror("client thread");
                exit(1);
        }

        pthread_exit(NULL);
}

void *server()
{                                  
        struct msg request;
        size_t size = sizeof(struct msg) - offsetof(struct msg, numResources);

        while (1)
        {

                msgrcv(msqidS, &request, size, 2, 0);

                printf("received: numResources requested = %d\n", request.numResources);

                request.numResources = 9001;

                printf("sending: numResources requested = %d\n", request.numResources);

                msgsnd(msqid1, &request, size, 0);

                sleep(1);
        }
}

void *client()
{
        struct msg request;
        size_t size;
        request.numResources = 0;
        size = sizeof(struct msg) - offsetof(struct msg, numResources);

        msgsnd(msqidS, &request, size, 0);

        while(1)
        {
                msgrcv(msqid1, &request, size, 2, 0);

                printf("received: numResources requested = %d\n", request.numResources);

                request.numResources += 1;//(int)(ceil((double)(rand()%2)) + 1);

                printf("sending: numResources requested = %d\n", request.numResources);

                msgsnd(msqidS, &request, size, 0);

                sleep(1);
}

我拿出了很多我的打印报表，但它看起来像这样:

Server thread: 
received: numResources = 9001;
sending: numResources = 9001;

client thread:
received: numResources = 1;
sending: numResources = 2;

Server thread: 
received: numResources = 9001;
sending: numResources = 9001;

client thread:
received: numResources = 2;
sending: numResources = 3;

Answer 1

编辑:
sizeof(struct msg) - offsetof(struct msg, numResources);应该可以。

但是，您的 mtype需要，根据 docs ，一个正整数。将其初始化为 2，因为您对 msgrecv 的调用表示仅接收消息类型 2。

向所有 msgsnd/msgrecv 调用添加错误检查，这样您就可以确定您不会默默地收到错误。

向您的 ftok 和 msgget 调用添加错误检查。