ruby-on-rails - Rails - 不稳定的超时错误可能与 Assets 编译有关

Question

Preemptive apologies for the code dump. I've been banging my head against this one for a while (and doing a ton of Googling) and just have a pretty fuzzy idea what is and isn't relevant, and how to fix things. So I figured I'd get as much info as possible out there. Please let me know if there's anything else I should add that might be helpful. Thanks!

我正在启动一个 Rails 和 Angular 应用程序，并且大部分仍处于开发模式。我正在使用 Heroku，但我不知道这些问题在那里是否也很严重，因为我主要是在本地编码和遇到它们(几乎没有在生产中闲逛)。 (刚刚提到，因为大多数类似的问题似乎都是 Heroku 特有的)。

我不断遇到的错误是这个:

 Rack::Timeout::RequestTimeoutError: Request ran for longer than 5 seconds.

和它的分身:

 ActionView::Template::Error: Request ran for longer than 5 seconds.

当它被提出时，它指向不同的文件作为直接的罪魁祸首——但总是一个 Java/CoffeeScript 或 CSS/SASS 文件。偶尔在本地服务器上重新加载浏览器将永远风车而不是引发上述错误。通常，刷新会正常工作，但有时我必须重新启动服务器才能“解冻”它。

I could try increasing the Rack::Timeout to something larger, but it strikes me that that would be treating one of potentially many symptoms, rather than the underlying problem.

我确信这与某种 Assets 预编译错误有关 - 我是新手，因为这是我从头开始的第一个严肃的应用程序，特别是结合了 Angular 和 Rails。

I've had a hard time finding really smooth combinations of Rails and Angular -- advice is definitely appreciated.

我设法通过运行和重新运行一些功能规范来查明错误，同时弄乱了我的 list SASS 文件。每次换 application.sass通过评论一些文件 @import s out，(某些)功能规范失败了，但是如果我重新运行它们，它们会一次又一次地通过，直到我注释掉或注释掉另一行。具体的行似乎不相关，但是，以防万一我错了，这是我的 application.sass文件:

@charset "utf-8"

@import "bootstrap-sprockets"
@import "bootstrap"

@import "bourbon"
@import "base/grid-settings"
@import "neat"
@import "base/base"

@import "leaflet"

@import "skeleton/base"
@import "skeleton/layout"
@import "skeleton/skeleton"

@import "sections/header"
@import "sections/footer"
@import "sections/user"
@import "sections/map"
@import "sections/tabs"

@import "sections/baseapp"

@import "markercluster/MarkerCluster"
@import "markercluster/MarkerCluster.Default"

@import "icons"

@import "font-awesome-sprockets"
@import "font-awesome"

因为我认为我的凌乱 Assets 解决方案可能是罪魁祸首，所以我将在下面粘贴大部分相关代码。基本上，我正在使用 NPM ( package.json ) 用于服务器端 JS 的东西，例如用于测试的 Jasmine，以及 鲍尔 用于客户端的东西，如 Angular 和 Leaflet(用于 map )。为了在 Rails 应用程序中使用 Bower JS，我使用了 Rails Assets 在我的 Gemfile . (虽然我不明白为什么我需要 bower.json 的东西，如果我这样做的话)。所以这些 list 文件的相关部分如下所示:

package.json

{
  "name": "whatever",
  "dependencies": {
    "rosie": "0.2.0",    
    "bower": "1.2.8",
    "jasmine": "2.1.1",
    "phantomjs": "1.9.13",
    "sinon": "1.12.2",
    "jasmine-sinon": "0.4.0",
    "requirejs": "2.1.15"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "grunt": "~0.4.4"
  }
}

bower.json

{
  "name": "whatever",
  "version": "0.1.0",
  "authors": [
    "Whatever"
  ],
  "ignore": [
    "**/.*",
    "node_modules",
    "bower_compnents",
    "test",
    "tests"
  ],
  "dependencies": {
    "angular": "latest",
    "angular-resource": "latest",
    "angular-route": "latest",
    "angular-mocks": "latest",
    "active-support": "latest",
    "async": "latest",
    "lodash": "latest",
    "leaflet": "latest",
    "leaflet.markercluster": "latest"
  }
}

I mean to tie down the versions before putting this in front of users.

Gemfile

gem 'rails-assets-angular'
gem 'rails-assets-angular-resource'
gem 'rails-assets-angular-route'
gem 'rails-assets-angular-mocks'
gem 'rails-assets-active-support'
gem 'rails-assets-async'
gem 'rails-assets-lodash'
gem 'rails-assets-leaflet'
gem 'rails-assets-requirejs'
gem 'rails-assets-sinon'
# gem 'rails-assets-leaflet.markercluster' -- wasn't working, so I included the relevant scripts in app/assets/javascripts/ -- seems to be working

我还在 test 中添加了这些我的 Gemfile 组。我担心这些 JS 包含的重叠和蔓延，但这就是让 JS 测试工作的原因。

  gem "jasmine-rails"
  gem 'jasmine-headless-webkit'
  gem 'guard-jasmine'
  gem 'rails-assets-rosie'
  gem "sinon-rails"

由于各种原因，我手动预编译了一些 Assets :

config/initializers/assets.rb

Rails.application.config.assets.precompile += [ 
  'api/bookmarklets/view.js', 
  'sections/bookmarklet.css',   
  'icons.eot',
  'icons.svg',
  'icons.ttf',
  'icons.woff'
]

在本地(以及目前在生产中)，我的 Assets 仅托管在服务器上(因此在 localhost:3000 上)。怀疑 DB 是相关的，但它的池设置为 2并超时到 5000 .搜索其他可能相关的代码，我在 config/environments/development.rb 中找到了这个-- 可能的问题？:

  # Debug mode disables concatenation and preprocessing of assets.
  # This option may cause significant delays in view rendering with a large
  # number of complex assets.
  config.assets.debug = true

编辑 -- 从我在运行功能规范时遇到的错误之一添加完整的堆栈跟踪:

# /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sass-3.2.19/lib/sass/scss/parser.rb:125:in `[]'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sass-3.2.19/lib/sass/scss/parser.rb:125:in `process_comment'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sass-3.2.19/lib/sass/scss/parser.rb:88:in `s'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sass-3.2.19/lib/sass/scss/parser.rb:82:in `block in stylesheet'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sass-3.2.19/lib/sass/scss/parser.rb:545:in `block_contents'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sass-3.2.19/lib/sass/scss/parser.rb:82:in `stylesheet'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sass-3.2.19/lib/sass/scss/parser.rb:27:in `parse'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sass-3.2.19/lib/sass/engine.rb:342:in `_to_tree'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sass-3.2.19/lib/sass/engine.rb:315:in `_render'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sass-3.2.19/lib/sass/engine.rb:262:in `render'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sprockets-2.12.3/lib/sprockets/sass_compressor.rb:24:in `evaluate'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/tilt-1.4.1/lib/tilt/template.rb:103:in `render'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sprockets-2.12.3/lib/sprockets/context.rb:197:in `block in evaluate'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sprockets-2.12.3/lib/sprockets/context.rb:194:in `each'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sprockets-2.12.3/lib/sprockets/context.rb:194:in `evaluate'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sprockets-2.12.3/lib/sprockets/bundled_asset.rb:25:in `initialize'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sprockets-2.12.3/lib/sprockets/base.rb:377:in `new'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sprockets-2.12.3/lib/sprockets/base.rb:377:in `build_asset'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sprockets-2.12.3/lib/sprockets/index.rb:94:in `block in build_asset'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sprockets-2.12.3/lib/sprockets/caching.rb:58:in `cache_asset'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sprockets-2.12.3/lib/sprockets/index.rb:93:in `build_asset'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sprockets-2.12.3/lib/sprockets/base.rb:287:in `find_asset'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sprockets-2.12.3/lib/sprockets/index.rb:61:in `find_asset'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sprockets-2.12.3/lib/sprockets/base.rb:295:in `[]'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sprockets-rails-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/rails/helper.rb:123:in `asset_digest_path'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sprockets-rails-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/rails/helper.rb:76:in `compute_asset_path'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionview-4.1.4/lib/action_view/helpers/asset_url_helper.rb:132:in `asset_path'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sprockets-rails-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/rails/helper.rb:91:in `asset_path'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionview-4.1.4/lib/action_view/helpers/asset_url_helper.rb:256:in `stylesheet_path'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionview-4.1.4/lib/action_view/helpers/asset_tag_helper.rb:100:in `block in stylesheet_link_tag'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionview-4.1.4/lib/action_view/helpers/asset_tag_helper.rb:96:in `map'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionview-4.1.4/lib/action_view/helpers/asset_tag_helper.rb:96:in `stylesheet_link_tag'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/sprockets-rails-2.2.2/lib/sprockets/rails/helper.rb:170:in `stylesheet_link_tag'
 # ./app/views/layouts/application.html.haml:9:in `_app_views_layouts_application_html_haml__3935206380113339538_2226830520'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionview-4.1.4/lib/action_view/template.rb:145:in `block in render'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:161:in `instrument'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionview-4.1.4/lib/action_view/template.rb:339:in `instrument'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionview-4.1.4/lib/action_view/template.rb:143:in `render'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-mini-profiler-0.9.2/lib/mini_profiler/profiling_methods.rb:79:in `block in profile_method'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionview-4.1.4/lib/action_view/renderer/template_renderer.rb:67:in `render_with_layout'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionview-4.1.4/lib/action_view/renderer/template_renderer.rb:53:in `render_template'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionview-4.1.4/lib/action_view/renderer/template_renderer.rb:17:in `render'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionview-4.1.4/lib/action_view/renderer/renderer.rb:42:in `render_template'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionview-4.1.4/lib/action_view/renderer/renderer.rb:23:in `render'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionview-4.1.4/lib/action_view/rendering.rb:99:in `_render_template'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/streaming.rb:217:in `_render_template'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionview-4.1.4/lib/action_view/rendering.rb:82:in `render_to_body'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:32:in `render_to_body'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/renderers.rb:32:in `render_to_body'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/abstract_controller/rendering.rb:25:in `render'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:16:in `render'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:41:in `block (2 levels) in render'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/core_ext/benchmark.rb:12:in `block in ms'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/core_ext/benchmark.rb:12:in `ms'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:41:in `block in render'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:84:in `cleanup_view_runtime'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.4/lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb:25:in `cleanup_view_runtime'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:40:in `render'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/implicit_render.rb:10:in `default_render'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/responder.rb:238:in `default_render'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/responder.rb:165:in `to_html'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/responder.rb:158:in `respond'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/responder.rb:151:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/mime_responds.rb:400:in `respond_with'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/devise-3.4.1/app/controllers/devise/sessions_controller.rb:11:in `new'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/implicit_render.rb:4:in `send_action'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:189:in `process_action'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/rendering.rb:10:in `process_action'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:20:in `block in process_action'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:113:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:113:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:149:in `block in halting_and_conditional'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:229:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:229:in `block in halting'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:166:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:166:in `block in halting'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:166:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:166:in `block in halting'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:166:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:166:in `block in halting'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:149:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:149:in `block in halting_and_conditional'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:149:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:149:in `block in halting_and_conditional'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:149:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:149:in `block in halting_and_conditional'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:149:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:149:in `block in halting_and_conditional'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:86:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:86:in `run_callbacks'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/abstract_controller/callbacks.rb:19:in `process_action'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/rescue.rb:29:in `process_action'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:31:in `block in process_action'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:159:in `block in instrument'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/notifications/instrumenter.rb:20:in `instrument'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/notifications.rb:159:in `instrument'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/instrumentation.rb:30:in `process_action'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/params_wrapper.rb:250:in `process_action'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.4/lib/active_record/railties/controller_runtime.rb:18:in `process_action'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/abstract_controller/base.rb:136:in `process'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionview-4.1.4/lib/action_view/rendering.rb:30:in `process'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-mini-profiler-0.9.2/lib/mini_profiler/profiling_methods.rb:79:in `block in profile_method'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal.rb:196:in `dispatch'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal/rack_delegation.rb:13:in `dispatch'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_controller/metal.rb:232:in `block in action'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:82:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:82:in `dispatch'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:50:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_dispatch/routing/mapper.rb:45:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:71:in `block in call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:59:in `each'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_dispatch/journey/router.rb:59:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_dispatch/routing/route_set.rb:678:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/warden-1.2.3/lib/warden/manager.rb:35:in `block in call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/warden-1.2.3/lib/warden/manager.rb:34:in `catch'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/warden-1.2.3/lib/warden/manager.rb:34:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/etag.rb:23:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/conditionalget.rb:25:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/head.rb:11:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/params_parser.rb:27:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/flash.rb:254:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:225:in `context'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/session/abstract/id.rb:220:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/cookies.rb:560:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.4/lib/active_record/query_cache.rb:36:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activerecord-4.1.4/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:621:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:29:in `block in call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/callbacks.rb:82:in `run_callbacks'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/callbacks.rb:27:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/remote_ip.rb:76:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/airbrake-4.1.0/lib/airbrake/rails/middleware.rb:13:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/debug_exceptions.rb:17:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/show_exceptions.rb:30:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:38:in `call_app'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `block in call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `block in tagged'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:26:in `tagged'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/tagged_logging.rb:68:in `tagged'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/rack/logger.rb:20:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/request_store-1.1.0/lib/request_store/middleware.rb:8:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/request_id.rb:21:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/methodoverride.rb:21:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/runtime.rb:17:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/activesupport-4.1.4/lib/active_support/cache/strategy/local_cache_middleware.rb:26:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/actionpack-4.1.4/lib/action_dispatch/middleware/static.rb:64:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/sendfile.rb:112:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/airbrake-4.1.0/lib/airbrake/user_informer.rb:16:in `_call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/airbrake-4.1.0/lib/airbrake/user_informer.rb:12:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-timeout-0.1.1/lib/rack/timeout.rb:104:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-mini-profiler-0.9.2/lib/mini_profiler/profiler.rb:193:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/engine.rb:514:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/railties-4.1.4/lib/rails/application.rb:144:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/builder.rb:138:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/urlmap.rb:65:in `block in call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/urlmap.rb:50:in `each'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-1.5.2/lib/rack/urlmap.rb:50:in `call'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-test-0.6.3/lib/rack/mock_session.rb:30:in `request'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-test-0.6.3/lib/rack/test.rb:244:in `process_request'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/rack-test-0.6.3/lib/rack/test.rb:58:in `get'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/capybara-2.4.4/lib/capybara/rack_test/browser.rb:60:in `process'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/capybara-2.4.4/lib/capybara/rack_test/browser.rb:38:in `block in process_and_follow_redirects'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/capybara-2.4.4/lib/capybara/rack_test/browser.rb:37:in `times'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/capybara-2.4.4/lib/capybara/rack_test/browser.rb:37:in `process_and_follow_redirects'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/capybara-2.4.4/lib/capybara/rack_test/browser.rb:21:in `visit'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/capybara-2.4.4/lib/capybara/rack_test/driver.rb:42:in `visit'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/capybara-2.4.4/lib/capybara/session.rb:227:in `visit'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/capybara-2.4.4/lib/capybara/dsl.rb:51:in `block (2 levels) in <module:DSL>'
 # ./spec/features/authentication_spec.rb:7:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
 # ./spec/support/background_jobs.rb:14:in `block (3 levels) in <top (required)>'
 # ./spec/support/background_jobs.rb:5:in `run_background_jobs_immediately'
 # ./spec/support/background_jobs.rb:13:in `block (2 levels) in <top (required)>'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/zeus-0.15.2/lib/zeus/rails.rb:208:in `test'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/zeus-0.15.2/lib/zeus.rb:148:in `block in command'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/zeus-0.15.2/lib/zeus.rb:135:in `fork'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/zeus-0.15.2/lib/zeus.rb:135:in `command'
 # /Users/sasha/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.2/gems/zeus-0.15.2/lib/zeus.rb:50:in `go'

更新

按照 coreyward 的建议，我将 Rack 超时设置为 25 秒并设置了一些分析工具。超时的增加(特定于开发环境)使问题在本地主机上消失。但是，令人困惑的是，根据 NewRelic 和 MiniProfiler 的说法，我似乎根本没有遇到任何超过 5 秒的加载时间。我认为我得到的最长加载时间大约是 3 秒，而我只得到了一次。我改进了一个查询，并没有再次遇到那么高的加载时间。所以很奇怪我碰到了那个 5 秒的限制。

基本上，当我增加 Rack 超时时，加载时间问题似乎消失了。但是我仍然有一些奇怪的事情发生，因为功能测试仍然会在持续集成测试中超时，偶尔在本地 .

从那以后我清理了我的 Assets 情况(摆脱了 Bower 和 NPM，并通过 Gemfile 完成了所有工作，通常使用 Rails-Assets gem)。我还升级到 Rails 4.2 和 Ruby 2.2 以提高性能。根据分析，事情通常似乎加载得更快一些。

但我仍然遇到相同的测试失败。有趣的是，在我的持续集成工具上，测试几乎总是失败，当它们失败时，它们会因不同的错误而失败(我用屏幕截图捕获)。

Internal Server Error

could not obtain a database connection within 5.000 seconds (waited 5.000 seconds)

________________________________

WEBrick/1.3.1 (Ruby/2.2.0/2014-12-25) at 127.0.0.1:47539

这表明这是一个数据库问题。我的测试环境(我的 CI 使用)的数据库设置( database.yml )如下:

  adapter: postgresql
  database: planit_development
  encoding: utf8
  host: localhost
  min_messages: warning
  pool: 2
  timeout: 5000

但是，奇怪的是，我的具有相同设置的本地测试套件往往会通过(除非我弄乱了 Assets 文件，在这种情况下，功能规范有可能在第一次运行时失败，但不会在随后的运行中失败) )。失败的测试是整个套件中数据库密集程度最低的测试(只是基本的身份验证流测试)。

分析确实帮助我修复了一些错误，但我仍然很困惑这似乎是一个持续存在的问题的根本原因。任何基于此新信息的想法？或者我还应该研究什么？

Answer 1

有多种方法可以对此进行调试。首先，将 Rack::Timeout 时间增加到 25 秒——虽然这看起来会让事情变得更糟，但它可以让你准确评估请求的实际时间(5.1s 与 25s 是不同的故事) .

使用 NewRelic 或 Skylight 等监控工具。前者更受欢迎，并且可以轻松配置为记录超过特定阈值的所有请求。这将允许您(大致)看到时间花在哪里，以及与之相关的参数/请求信息。

如果您认为失败的请求是针对 Assets 的，我会仔细检查您是否在生产中关闭了 Assets 编译。你想要这个在 production.rb :

# Do not fallback to assets pipeline if a precompiled asset is missed.
config.assets.compile = false

这意味着您需要为您提供的每个 Assets 进行预编译。您可以通过运行 rake assets:precompile 来测试您的设置是否正确。并验证 public/assets 中的输出是你所期待的。

确保您还在以后可以访问的地方输出日志——我更喜欢 Papertrail，但毫无疑问还有其他的。这将允许您在错误发生时发现错误，尤其是 404(如果您对未预编译的 Assets 提出请求，您会看到这种情况)。隔离并解决问题后，您可以降低此值，但我仍然不会将其设置为低于 15 秒。

垃圾收集是间歇性较长请求时间的另一个潜在罪魁祸首，尽管 5 秒可能过多。较新版本的 Ruby(特别是 2.2)在管理这个方面做得更好，所以如果你能提升你正在使用的版本，那可能会有所改善。

祝你好运!