ruby-on-rails - Bundle install 不在 Gemfile 中安装 gem

Question

我正在输入以下命令:

rake -RAILS_ENV=production db:schema:load

在我的生产服务器上我的 Rails 应用程序的主目录中，我收到以下错误消息:

rake aborted!
Please install the postgresql adapter: `gem install activerecord-postgresql-adapter` (pg is not part of the bundle. Add it to Gemfile.)

这很奇怪，因为我知道 pg 在我的 Gemfile 中:

source 'https://rubygems.org'

gem 'rails', '3.2.8'

# Bundle edge Rails instead:
# gem 'rails', :git => 'git://github.com/rails/rails.git'

group :development, :production do
  gem 'pg'
  gem 'devise'
  gem 'haml-rails'
  gem 'paperclip'
  gem 'will_paginate'
end

group :development do
  gem 'capistrano'
end


# Gems used only for assets and not required
# in production environments by default.
group :assets do
  gem 'sass-rails',   '~> 3.2.3'
  gem 'coffee-rails', '~> 3.2.1'

  # See https://github.com/sstephenson/execjs#readme for more supported runtimes
  # gem 'therubyracer', :platforms => :ruby

  gem 'uglifier', '>= 1.0.3'
end

gem 'jquery-rails'

当我从该目录运行 bundle install 时，我得到以下输出(pg 不在其中。):

Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/.......
Using rake (0.9.2.2)
Using i18n (0.6.1)
Using multi_json (1.3.6)
Using activesupport (3.2.8)
Using builder (3.0.0)
Using activemodel (3.2.8)
Using erubis (2.7.0)
Using journey (1.0.4)
Using rack (1.4.1)
Using rack-cache (1.2)
Using rack-test (0.6.1)
Using hike (1.2.1)
Using tilt (1.3.3)
Using sprockets (2.1.3)
Using actionpack (3.2.8)
Using mime-types (1.19)
Using polyglot (0.3.3)
Using treetop (1.4.10)
Using mail (2.4.4)
Using actionmailer (3.2.8)
Using arel (3.0.2)
Using tzinfo (0.3.33)
Using activerecord (3.2.8)
Using activeresource (3.2.8)
Using cocaine (0.2.1)
Using coffee-script-source (1.3.3)
Using execjs (1.4.0)
Using coffee-script (2.2.0)
Using rack-ssl (1.3.2)
Using json (1.7.5)
Using rdoc (3.12)
Using thor (0.16.0)
Using railties (3.2.8)
Using coffee-rails (3.2.2)
Using orm_adapter (0.4.0)
Using warden (1.2.1)
Using devise (2.1.2)
Using haml (3.1.7)
Using haml-rails (0.3.4)
Using jquery-rails (2.1.1)
Using paperclip (3.1.2)
Using bundler (1.2.1)
Using rails (3.2.8)
Using sass (3.2.1)
Using sass-rails (3.2.5)
Using uglifier (1.2.7)
Using will_paginate (3.0.3)
Your bundle is complete! It was installed into /usr/local/lib

还有我的 Gemfile.lock，如果它是相关的(pg 仅列为依赖项):

GEM
  remote: https://rubygems.org/
  specs:
    actionmailer (3.2.8)
      actionpack (= 3.2.8)
      mail (~> 2.4.4)
    actionpack (3.2.8)
      activemodel (= 3.2.8)
      activesupport (= 3.2.8)
      builder (~> 3.0.0)
      erubis (~> 2.7.0)
      journey (~> 1.0.4)
      rack (~> 1.4.0)
      rack-cache (~> 1.2)
      rack-test (~> 0.6.1)
      sprockets (~> 2.1.3)
    activemodel (3.2.8)
      activesupport (= 3.2.8)
      builder (~> 3.0.0)
    activerecord (3.2.8)
      activemodel (= 3.2.8)
      activesupport (= 3.2.8)
      arel (~> 3.0.2)
      tzinfo (~> 0.3.29)
    activeresource (3.2.8)
      activemodel (= 3.2.8)
      activesupport (= 3.2.8)
    activesupport (3.2.8)
      i18n (~> 0.6)
      multi_json (~> 1.0)
    arel (3.0.2)
    bcrypt-ruby (3.0.1-x86-mingw32)
    builder (3.0.0)
    capistrano (2.12.0)
      highline
      net-scp (>= 1.0.0)
      net-sftp (>= 2.0.0)
      net-ssh (>= 2.0.14)
      net-ssh-gateway (>= 1.1.0)
    cocaine (0.2.1)
    coffee-rails (3.2.2)
      coffee-script (>= 2.2.0)
      railties (~> 3.2.0)
    coffee-script (2.2.0)
      coffee-script-source
      execjs
    coffee-script-source (1.3.3)
    devise (2.1.2)
      bcrypt-ruby (~> 3.0)
      orm_adapter (~> 0.1)
      railties (~> 3.1)
      warden (~> 1.2.1)
    erubis (2.7.0)
    execjs (1.4.0)
      multi_json (~> 1.0)
    haml (3.1.7)
    haml-rails (0.3.4)
      actionpack (~> 3.0)
      activesupport (~> 3.0)
      haml (~> 3.0)
      railties (~> 3.0)
    highline (1.6.13)
    hike (1.2.1)
    i18n (0.6.1)
    journey (1.0.4)
    jquery-rails (2.1.1)
      railties (>= 3.1.0, < 5.0)
      thor (~> 0.14)
    json (1.7.5)
    mail (2.4.4)
      i18n (>= 0.4.0)
      mime-types (~> 1.16)
      treetop (~> 1.4.8)
    mime-types (1.19)
    multi_json (1.3.6)
    net-scp (1.0.4)
      net-ssh (>= 1.99.1)
    net-sftp (2.0.5)
      net-ssh (>= 2.0.9)
    net-ssh (2.5.2)
    net-ssh-gateway (1.1.0)
      net-ssh (>= 1.99.1)
    orm_adapter (0.4.0)
    paperclip (3.1.2)
      activemodel (>= 3.0.0)
      activerecord (>= 3.0.0)
      activesupport (>= 3.0.0)
      cocaine (>= 0.0.2)
      mime-types
    pg (0.14.0-x86-mingw32)
    polyglot (0.3.3)
    rack (1.4.1)
    rack-cache (1.2)
      rack (>= 0.4)
    rack-ssl (1.3.2)
      rack
    rack-test (0.6.1)
      rack (>= 1.0)
    rails (3.2.8)
      actionmailer (= 3.2.8)
      actionpack (= 3.2.8)
      activerecord (= 3.2.8)
      activeresource (= 3.2.8)
      activesupport (= 3.2.8)
      bundler (~> 1.0)
      railties (= 3.2.8)
    railties (3.2.8)
      actionpack (= 3.2.8)
      activesupport (= 3.2.8)
      rack-ssl (~> 1.3.2)
      rake (>= 0.8.7)
      rdoc (~> 3.4)
      thor (>= 0.14.6, < 2.0)
    rake (0.9.2.2)
    rdoc (3.12)
      json (~> 1.4)
    sass (3.2.1)
    sass-rails (3.2.5)
      railties (~> 3.2.0)
      sass (>= 3.1.10)
      tilt (~> 1.3)
    sprockets (2.1.3)
      hike (~> 1.2)
      rack (~> 1.0)
      tilt (~> 1.1, != 1.3.0)
    thor (0.16.0)
    tilt (1.3.3)
    treetop (1.4.10)
      polyglot
      polyglot (>= 0.3.1)
    tzinfo (0.3.33)
    uglifier (1.2.7)
      execjs (>= 0.3.0)
      multi_json (~> 1.3)
    warden (1.2.1)
      rack (>= 1.0)
    will_paginate (3.0.3)

PLATFORMS
  x86-mingw32

DEPENDENCIES
  capistrano
  coffee-rails (~> 3.2.1)
  devise
  haml-rails
  jquery-rails
  paperclip
  pg
  rails (= 3.2.8)
  sass-rails (~> 3.2.3)
  uglifier (>= 1.0.3)
  will_paginate

.bundle/config 的内容:

BUNDLE_FROZEN: '1'
BUNDLE_PATH: /usr/local/lib/
BUNDLE_DISABLE_SHARED_GEMS: '1'
BUNDLE_WITHOUT: development:test

我正在使用- rails 3.2.8- ruby 1.9.3- rvm 1.16.5

谁能解释为什么 bundle install 没有安装我的 Gemfile 中列出的所有 gem？

Answer 1

通过一些侦探工作，我发现以下因素导致了我的问题:

1) 我在安装了 Windows 特定版本的 gem pg: (0.14.0-x86-mingw32) 的 Windows 机器上进行开发。

2) 然后将其添加到我的 Gemfile.lock 和我的存储库中，然后 capistrano 使用它在 Debian 机器上安装我的应用程序； pg 仅被列为依赖项。

3) capistrano 正在使用“--deployment”标志运行 bundler ，这要求您的 Gemfile.lock 是最新且准确的。

我解决这个问题的方法是从 capistrano 中删除“--deployment”标志，并在 deploy.rb 中使用以下变量定义:

set :bundle_flags, "--quiet"

require 'bundler/capistrano'

然后再次运行 cap deploy:update。

仍在努力让 Gemfile.lock 反射(reflect) pg 应该安装在生产环境中，而 pg 应该安装在开发机器上，这样我就可以将 --deployment 选项重新包含到部署任务中。