c# - 如何获取正在监听特定端口 LAN 的所有服务器的 IP？

Question

如何获取在 LAN 中监听特定端口(例如:9090)的所有服务器 IP
我已经阅读了一些关于多播的基本信息，anycast , unicast和 broadcast看起来像 broadcast是适用于我的应用程序的。
我在想两个想法..

使用 TCP 协议(protocol)在端口 9090 上并行连接到所有 IP 地址(192.168.1.1-254)，并为连接超时设置一点时间。只是为了检查是否有任何回应。 (但这似乎不是一个好主意)

使用 UDP 协议(protocol)并广播诸如“hello”之类的消息并检查响应，然后获取所有响应的 IP 地址。

那么我应该选择哪个想法，有更好的想法吗？
我还想知道我的广播消息是否被接收到服务器以及如何获取它的 IP 地址。

Answer 1

我已经使用 TCP 来搜索所有正在监听特定端口的服务器。
它不是一个空闲的解决方案，但它对我有用。

我创建了一个带有公共(public)函数 Initialize 的 userControl 来传递我要扫描服务器的端口。

public ServerDiscovery()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
    //    statusLabel.Image = imageState.Images[2];
        timer.Elapsed += timer_tick;
    }
    int port = 0;
    bool busy = false;  // to tell that the function is busy with scanning.
    public void Initialize(int port)
    {
        this.port = port;
    }

    System.Timers.Timer timer = new System.Timers.Timer(5000);
    List<SocketAsyncEventArgs> list = new List<SocketAsyncEventArgs>();
    // this list to hold all sockets that created to connect to IP .. to DISPOSE it later
    HashSet<string> usedIP = new HashSet<string>();
    //usedIP will be explained later. 

    public IPEndPoint getAddress()
    {   //this function to get the IPEndPoint of the selected server from listview.
        if (listServer.SelectedItems.Count > 0)
        {
            if (listServer.SelectedItems[0].ImageIndex == 0)
            {
                ListViewItem item = listServer.SelectedItems[0];
                IPEndPoint ep = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(item.SubItems[1].Text), port);
                return ep;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    public void Refresh()   //to scan for servers
    {
        if (!busy)
        {
            usedIP.Clear();
            listServer.Items.Clear();
    //       statusLabel.Text = "Scanning for servers.";
    //        statusLabel.Image = Image.FromFile("loading.gif");
    //        btnRefresh.Enabled = false;
            busy = true;
            timer.Start();
            IPAddress[] IpA = Dns.GetHostByName(Dns.GetHostName()).AddressList;
            for (int j = 0; j < IpA.Length ; j++)
            {
                if (IpA[j].AddressFamily == AddressFamily.InterNetwork)  // to make sure it's an IPV4
                {
                    string scanIP = IpA[j].ToString().Substring(0, IpA[j].ToString().LastIndexOf(".")) + ".";
                    if (!usedIP.Contains(scanIP))
             //usedIP is a hashset that holds the first 3 parts on an ip (ex:"192.168.1." from "192.168.1.30") i used this to avoid scanning the same ip addresses more than once .. like if i had a wireless network ip ("192.168.1.5") and an Ethernet Network ip ("192.168.1.5"). so with that hashset it will scan once.
                    {
                        usedIP.Add(scanIP);
                        Parallel.For(1, 255, i =>
                        {
                            Scan(scanIP + i);
                        });
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private void Scan(string ipAdd)
    {
        Socket s = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);
        SocketAsyncEventArgs e = new SocketAsyncEventArgs();
        e.RemoteEndPoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Parse(ipAdd), port);
        e.UserToken = s;
        e.Completed += new EventHandler<SocketAsyncEventArgs>(e_Completed);
        list.Add(e);   // add the created socket to a list to dispose when time is up.
        s.ConnectAsync(e);
    }

    private void e_Completed(object sender, SocketAsyncEventArgs e)
    {
        if (e.ConnectSocket != null) //if there's a responce from the server [e.ConnectSocket] will not be equal null.
        {
            StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(new NetworkStream(e.ConnectSocket));
            ListViewItem item = new ListViewItem();
            string[] cmd = sr.ReadLine().Split('<');  in my server constructor this line will receive a string like "PC_NAME<Available"  ..
            item.Text = cmd[0];
            item.SubItems.Add(((IPEndPoint)e.RemoteEndPoint).Address.ToString());
            item.SubItems.Add(cmd[1]);
            if (cmd[1] == "Busy")
                item.ImageIndex = 1;
            else
                item.ImageIndex = 0;
            AddServer(item);
            list.Remove(e);  //active server should be remove from the list that holds the sockets and disposed.. because there's no need to keep connection after showing that this server is active. 
            ((Socket)e.UserToken).Dispose();
        }
    }

    delegate void AddItem(ListViewItem item);
    private void AddServer(ListViewItem item)
    {
        if (InvokeRequired)
        {
            Invoke(new AddItem(AddServer), item);  //just to add an item from a background thread.
            return;
        }
        listServer.Items.Add(item);
    }

    private void timer_tick(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        busy = false;     //when time's up .. set busy to false so we can scan again
        timer.Stop();
        foreach (var s in list) //dispose all sockets that's trying to connect and waiting for a response
        {
            try
            {
                ((Socket)s.UserToken).Dispose();
            }
            catch { }
        }
        //this.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate        // for design
       // {
       //     btnRefresh.Enabled = true;
       //     btnRefresh.BorderStyle = Border3DStyle.Raised;
       //     statusLabel.Text = "Ready.";
       //     statusLabel.Image = imageState.Images[2];
       // });
    }

    private void btnRefresh_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
       // btnRefresh.BorderStyle = Border3DStyle.Sunken;
        Refresh();
    }

   // private void listServer_KeyUp(object sender, KeyEventArgs e)
   // {
    //    if (e.KeyCode == Keys.F5)
    //    {
     //       btnRefresh_Click(sender, (EventArgs)e);
     //   }
  //  }


}

同样，这不是一个适用于任何情况的理想解决方案，但对我来说效果很好。