tomcat6 - 定义Tomcat Servlet上下文参数

Question

设想:

foo.war文件包含初始化参数fooParam = 1的默认值。

这在foo.war!WEB_INF/web.xml中定义，其中包含:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>

<!DOCTYPE web-app 
    PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" 
    "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">

<web-app>

    <context-param>
      <param-name>fooParam</param-name>
      <param-value>1</param-value>
      <description>
        my parameter "fooParam"
      </description>
    </context-param>

    ...

好的，现在我希望能够在Tomcat {$ CATALINA_HOME}/conf/目录中的配置文件中覆盖它。我在哪里/该怎么做？？？？

Answer 1

根据Context元素的文档:

Context Parameters

You can configure named values that will be made visible to the web application as servlet context initialization parameters by nesting <Parameter> elements inside this element. For example, you can create an initialization parameter like this:

<Context ...>
  ...
  <Parameter name="companyName" value="My Company, Incorporated"
         override="false"/>
  ...
</Context>

This is equivalent to the inclusion of the following element in the web application deployment descriptor (/WEB-INF/web.xml):

<context-param>
  <param-name>companyName</param-name>
  <param-value>My Company, Incorporated</param-value>
</context-param>

but does not require modification of the deployment descriptor to customize this value.

The valid attributes for a <Parameter> element are as follows:

...

关于 override的 <Parameter>属性，文档说:

Set this to false if you do not want a <context-param> for the same parameter name, found in the web application deployment descriptor, to override the value specified here. By default, overrides are allowed.

将其设置为false应该可以解决问题。这是“如何”的部分。

对于“where”部分，请阅读 The Context Container的介绍:

For Tomcat 6, unlike Tomcat 4.x, it is NOT recommended to place <Context> elements directly in the server.xml file. This is because it makes modifing the Context configuration more invasive since the main conf/server.xml file cannot be reloaded without restarting Tomcat.

Context elements may be explicitly defined:

• In the $CATALINA_BASE/conf/context.xml file: the Context element information will be loaded by all webapps.
• In the $CATALINA_BASE/conf/[enginename]/[hostname]/context.xml.default file: the Context element information will be loaded by all webapps of that host.
• In individual files (with a ".xml" extension) in the $CATALINA_BASE/conf/[enginename]/[hostname]/ directory. The name of the file (less the .xml extension) will be used as the context path. Multi-level context paths may be defined using #, e.g. foo#bar.xml for a context path of /foo/bar. The default web application may be defined by using a file called ROOT.xml.
• Only if a context file does not exist for the application in the $CATALINA_BASE/conf/[enginename]/[hostname]/, in an individual file at /META-INF/context.xml inside the application files. If the web application is packaged as a WAR then /META-INF/context.xml will be copied to $CATALINA_BASE/conf/[enginename]/[hostname]/ and renamed to match the application's context path. Once this file exists, it will not be replaced if a new WAR with a newer /META-INF/context.xml is placed in the host's appBase.
• Inside a Host element in the main conf/server.xml.

With the exception of server.xml, files that define Context elements may only define a single Context element.