r - 如何将 wilcox.test 应用于 R 中的整个数据帧？

Question

我有一个数据框，其中包含一个分组因子(第一列)，具有多个级别(两个以上)和多个包含数据的列。我想将 wilcox.test 应用于整个日期框架以将每个组变量与其他变量进行比较。我怎样才能做到这一点？

更新:
我知道 wilcox.test 只会测试两组之间的差异，而我的数据框包含三个。但我更感兴趣的是如何做到这一点，而不是使用什么测试。最有可能删除一组，但我还没有决定，所以我想测试所有变体。

这是一个示例:

structure(list(group = c(1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 
2L, 2L, 2L, 2L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L, 3L), var1 = c(9.3, 
9.05, 7.78, 7.11, 7.14, 8.12, 7.5, 7.84, 7.8, 7.52, 8.84, 6.98, 
6.1, 6.89, 6.5, 7.5, 7.8, 5.5, 6.61, 7.65, 7.68), var2 = c(11L, 
11L, 10L, 1L, 3L, 7L, 11L, 11L, 11L, 11L, 4L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 
2L, 1L, 4L, 8L, 8L, 1L), var3 = c(7L, 11L, 3L, 7L, 11L, 2L, 11L, 
5L, 11L, 11L, 5L, 11L, 11L, 2L, 9L, 9L, 3L, 8L, 11L, 11L, 2L), 
    var4 = c(11L, 11L, 11L, 11L, 6L, 11L, 11L, 11L, 10L, 7L, 
    11L, 2L, 11L, 3L, 11L, 11L, 6L, 11L, 1L, 11L, 11L), var5 = c(11L, 
    1L, 2L, 2L, 11L, 11L, 1L, 10L, 2L, 11L, 1L, 3L, 11L, 11L, 
    8L, 8L, 11L, 11L, 11L, 2L, 9L)), .Names = c("group", "var1", 
"var2", "var3", "var4", "var5"), class = "data.frame", row.names = c(NA, 
-21L))

更新

感谢大家的所有答案!

Answer 1

更新我的答案以跨列工作

test.fun <- function(dat, col) { 

 c1 <- combn(unique(dat$group),2)
 sigs <- list()
 for(i in 1:ncol(c1)) {
    sigs[[i]] <- wilcox.test(
                   dat[dat$group == c1[1,i],col],
                   dat[dat$group == c1[2,i],col]
                 )
    }
    names(sigs) <- paste("Group",c1[1,],"by Group",c1[2,])

 tests <- data.frame(Test=names(sigs),
                    W=unlist(lapply(sigs,function(x) x$statistic)),
                    p=unlist(lapply(sigs,function(x) x$p.value)),row.names=NULL)

 return(tests)
}


tests <- lapply(colnames(dat)[-1],function(x) test.fun(dat,x))
names(tests) <- colnames(dat)[-1]
# tests <- do.call(rbind, tests) reprints as data.frame

# This solution is not "slow" and outperforms the other answers significantly: 
system.time(
  rep(
   tests <- lapply(colnames(dat)[-1],function(x) test.fun(dat,x)),10000
  )
)

#   user  system elapsed 
#  0.056   0.000   0.053 

结果:

tests

$var1
                Test  W          p
1 Group 1 by Group 2 28 0.36596737
2 Group 1 by Group 3 39 0.05927406
3 Group 2 by Group 3 38 0.27073136

$var2
                Test    W         p
1 Group 1 by Group 2 19.0 0.8205958
2 Group 1 by Group 3 36.5 0.1159945
3 Group 2 by Group 3 40.5 0.1522726

$var3
                Test    W         p
1 Group 1 by Group 2 13.0 0.2425786
2 Group 1 by Group 3 23.5 1.0000000
3 Group 2 by Group 3 41.0 0.1261647

$var4
                Test  W         p
1 Group 1 by Group 2 26 0.4323470
2 Group 1 by Group 3 30 0.3729664
3 Group 2 by Group 3 29 0.9479518

$var5
                Test    W         p
1 Group 1 by Group 2 24.0 0.7100968
2 Group 1 by Group 3 19.0 0.5324295
3 Group 2 by Group 3 17.5 0.2306609