unit-testing - 使用@PostConstruct 和 Spock 单元测试的不可测试的 grails (2.5.4) 服务

Question

我有一个服务，我想用 @PostConstuct 初始化，方法是在 Config.groovy 中获取一些配置条目。

我还希望检查这些条目是否已正确配置，并抛出异常以便我看到应用程序配置错误。

在为这项服务编写单元测试时，我在 Spock 中走入了死胡同。

Spock 显然调用了 @PostConstruct 方法，但仅在共享服务实例上，然后在被测真实实例上执行您测试的任何实例方法。

这有一个反常的副作用:

我的初始化代码失败是因为我未能添加 setupSpec 来初始化共享实例，或者它在被测方法中失败，因为实际上尚未在该实例上设置配置。

这是我的服务:

package issue

import org.codehaus.groovy.grails.commons.GrailsApplication

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct

class MyService {
    GrailsApplication grailsApplication
    String property

    @PostConstruct
    void init() {
        println "Initializing... ${this}"
        property = grailsApplication.config.myProperty

//Enabling this business sanity check make the service untestable under Spock, because to be able to run, we need to initialize the configuration
// of the shared instance - PostConstruct is only called on the shared instance for some reason.
// But the execution of the method under test will not have the initialized property, because the service being executed is not the shared instance
        if (property == "[:]") {
            throw new RuntimeException("This property cannot be empty")
        }
    }


    void doSomething() {
        println "Executing... ${this}"
        println(property.toLowerCase())
    }
}

这是我的第一个测试:

package issue

import grails.test.mixin.TestFor
import spock.lang.Specification

@TestFor(MyService)
class MyServiceSpec extends Specification {

    def setup() {
        grailsApplication.config.myProperty = 'myValue'
    }

    void "It fails to initialize the service"() {
        expect:
        false // this is never executed
    }
}

这是第二个测试:

package issue

import grails.test.mixin.TestFor
import spock.lang.Specification

@TestFor(MyService)
class MyServiceWithSharedInstanceInitializationSpec extends Specification {

    //Initializing the shared instance grailsApplication lets the @PostConstruct work, but will fail during method test
    //because the instance that was initialized is the shared instance
    def setupSpec() {
        grailsApplication.config.myProperty = 'myValue'
    }

    void "It fails to execute doSomething"() {
        when:
        service.doSomething()

        then:
        def e = thrown(NullPointerException)
        e.message == 'Cannot invoke method toLowerCase() on null object'
        service.property == null
    }
}

有没有办法干净地做到这一点？还是我必须放弃我的单元测试，而只进行(较慢的)集成测试，以避开这种怪异现象？

你可以在这里看到我的完整 grails 应用程序:

https://github.com/LuisMuniz/grails-spock-issue-with-postconstruct

Answer 1

My init code either fails because I fail to add a setupSpec to initialize the shared instance, or it fails in the method under test, because the configuration has not actually been set on that instance.

我的建议是简单地调用 init 方法，因为您正在测试该方法的逻辑和功能，而不是 @PostConstruct 是否有效，这似乎最有意义。