c - 检测执行字符集字母是否连续

Question

在代码中，开关用于将字母转换为连续值。优化编译器通常不会像切换前的简单连续数字条件那样完成这项工作。如何检测使用了哪个执行字符集和/或得出结论认为字母是连续的以用简单的条件替换它？

static long digit_value(char c)
{
    if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
        return (c-'0');

    switch(c) {
    case 'a':
    case 'A':
        return 10;
    case 'b':
    case 'B':
        return 11;
    case 'c':
    case 'C':
        return 12;
    case 'd':
    case 'D':
        return 13;
    case 'e':
    case 'E':
        return 14;
    case 'f':
    case 'F':
        return 15;
    case 'g':
    case 'G':
        return 16;
    case 'h':
    case 'H':
        return 17;
    case 'i':
    case 'I':
        return 18;
    case 'j':
    case 'J':
        return 19;
    case 'k':
    case 'K':
        return 20;
    case 'l':
    case 'L':
        return 21;
    case 'm':
    case 'M':
        return 22;
    case 'n':
    case 'N':
        return 23;
    case 'o':
    case 'O':
        return 24;
    case 'p':
    case 'P':
        return 25;
    case 'q':
    case 'Q':
        return 26;
    case 'r':
    case 'R':
        return 27;
    case 's':
    case 'S':
        return 28;
    case 't':
    case 'T':
        return 29;
    case 'u':
    case 'U':
        return 30;
    case 'v':
    case 'V':
        return 31;
    case 'w':
    case 'W':
        return 32;
    case 'x':
    case 'X':
        return 33;
    case 'y':
    case 'Y':
        return 34;
    case 'z':
    case 'Z':
        return 35;
    default:
        break;
    }

    return -1;
}

Answer 1

How can I detect which execution character set used and/or conclude that the letters are contiguous?

在编译时，只需对它们全部进行测试。 (为简单起见，省略了“a-z”)

static_assert(
  'A' == ('B' - 1) &&
  'B' == ('C' - 1) && 'C' == ('D' - 1) && 'D' == ('E' - 1) && 'E' == ('F' - 1) && 'F' == ('G' - 1) && 'G' == ('H' - 1) && 'H' == ('I' - 1) && 'I' == ('J' - 1) && 'J' == ('K' - 1) && 'K' == ('L' - 1) && 'L' == ('M' - 1) && 'M' == ('N' - 1) && 'N' == ('O' - 1) && 'O' == ('P' - 1) && 'P' == ('Q' - 1) && 'Q' == ('R' - 1) && 'R' == ('S' - 1) && 'S' == ('T' - 1) && 'T' == ('U' - 1) && 'U' == ('V' - 1) && 'V' == ('W' - 1) && 'W' == ('X' - 1) && 'X' == ('Y' - 1) &&
  'Y' == ('Z' - 1), "Dinosaur: not continuous A-Z");

static int digit_value(char c) {
  if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') return c - '0';
  if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') return c - 'A' + 10;
  return -1;
}

Other dinosaur tests 。

或者使用缓慢但高度便携的:

static int digit_value(char c) {
  static const char *base36 = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
  const char *p = strchr(base36, (unsigned char) c);
  if (p && *p) {
    return (int) (p - base36);
  }
  return -1;
}

或者可能是一个很大的 #if ？

#if ('A' == ('B' - 1) && 'B' == ('C' - 1) && 'C' == ('D' - 1) && 'D' == ('E' - 1) && 'E' == ('F' - 1) && 'F' == ('G' - 1) && 'G' == ('H' - 1) && 'H' == ('I' - 1) && 'I' == ('J' - 1) && 'J' == ('K' - 1) && 'K' == ('L' - 1) && 'L' == ('M' - 1) && 'M' == ('N' - 1) && 'N' == ('O' - 1) && 'O' == ('P' - 1) && 'P' == ('Q' - 1) && 'Q' == ('R' - 1) && 'R' == ('S' - 1) && 'S' == ('T' - 1) && 'T' == ('U' - 1) && 'U' == ('V' - 1) && 'V' == ('W' - 1) && 'W' == ('X' - 1) && 'X' == ('Y' - 1) && 'Y' == ('Z' - 1))

static int digit_value(char c) {
  if (c >= '0' && c <= '9') return c - '0';
  if (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z') return c - 'A' + 10;
  return -1;
}

#else

static int digit_value(char c) {
  static const char *base36 = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
  const char *p = strchr(base36, (unsigned char) c);
  if (p && *p) {
    return (int) (p - base36);
  }
  return -1;
}

#endif

或者 .... 如果 UCHAR_MAX 不是太大并且关心速度，请制作一个查找表并跳过顺序问题。

#include <limits.h>
int digit_value(char c) {
  unsigned char val[UCHAR_MAX] = {['0'] = 1, ['1'] = 2, ['2'] = 3, ['3'] = 4,
      ['4'] = 5, ['5'] = 6, ['6'] = 7, ['7'] = 8, ['9'] = 10, 
      ['A'] = 11, ['B'] = 12, ['C'] = 13, ['D'] = 14, ['E'] = 15, ...
      ['a'] = 11, ['b'] = 12, ['c'] = 13, ['d'] = 14, ['e'] = 15, ...
  };
  return val[(unsigned char) c] - 1;
}