python - 打印词性以及单词的同义词

Question

我有以下代码用于从输入文本文件中获取一个单词并使用 WordNet 打印该单词的同义词、定义和例句。它根据词性将同义词与同义词分开，即动词的同义词和形容词的同义词分开打印。

单词 flabbergasted 的同义词有 1) flabbergast , boggle , bowl over 是动词和 2) dumbfounded , dumfounded , flabbergasted , stupefied , Thunderstruck ,dumbstruck ,dumbstricken 是形容词。

如何打印词性和同义词？我在下面提供了到目前为止的代码:

import nltk
from nltk.corpus import wordnet as wn
tokenizer = nltk.data.load('tokenizers/punkt/english.pickle')
fp = open('sample.txt','r')
data = fp.read()
tokens= nltk.wordpunct_tokenize(data)
text = nltk.Text(tokens)
words = [w.lower() for w in text]
for a in words:
   print a 
syns = wn.synsets(a)
for s in syns:
   print 
   print "definition:" s.definition
   print "synonyms:"
   for l in s.lemmas:
      print l.name
   print "examples:"
   for b in s.examples:
      print b
   print 

Answer 1

只需调用pos()在同义词集上。列出引理的所有 POS:

>>> from nltk.corpus import wordnet as wn
>>> syns = wn.synsets('dog')
>>> set([x.pos() for x in syns])
{'n', 'v'}

不幸的是，除了 source code 之外，其他任何地方似乎都没有记录。 ，它显示了可以在同义词集上调用的其他方法。

Synset attributes, accessible via methods with the same name:

• name: The canonical name of this synset, formed using the first lemma of this synset. Note that this may be different from the name passed to the constructor if that string used a different lemma to
  identify the synset.
• pos: The synset's part of speech, matching one of the module level attributes ADJ, ADJ_SAT, ADV, NOUN or VERB.
• lemmas: A list of the Lemma objects for this synset.
• definition: The definition for this synset.
• examples: A list of example strings for this synset.
• offset: The offset in the WordNet dict file of this synset.
• lexname: The name of the lexicographer file containing this synset.