c - 如何链接 X11 程序

Question

我已经编译了我的第一个 X11 程序，但无法链接它。我在 64 位 Xubuntu 13.10 上，我使用命令行gcc $(pkg-config x11) findXfonts.c -o findXfonts

编译没问题，但我使用的每个 X* 符号在链接器步骤中都显示为未定义。pkg-config 习语扩展为简单的 -lX11

/*
 * Copyright 2014 Kevin O'Gorman <kogorman@gmail.com>.
 * Distributed under the GNU General Public License.
 *
 * This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 */

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <X11/Xlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  char **fontlist;
  XFontStruct *returned_info;
  char *pattern="-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-*-";
  int nFonts;
  char *displayName;
  Display *display;
  FILE *ostream = stdout;
  int i, j, k;

  displayName = getenv("DISPLAY");        /* expect ":0.0", but YMMV */
  display = XOpenDisplay(displayName);
  fontlist = XListFontsWithInfo(display, pattern, 10000, &nFonts, &returned_info);

  for (i = 0; i < nFonts; i++) {
    fprintf(ostream, "\n%s\n", fontlist[i]);
    fprintf(ostream, "   first: %u/%u, last: %u/%u\n",
        returned_info[i].min_byte1, returned_info[i].min_char_or_byte2,
        returned_info[i].max_byte1, returned_info[i].max_char_or_byte2);
    for (j = 0; j < returned_info[i].n_properties; j++) {
      fprintf(ostream, "      %s: %ld\n", 
          XGetAtomName(display, returned_info[i].properties[j].name),
          returned_info[i].properties[j].card32);
    }
  }

  XFreeFontInfo(fontlist, returned_info, nFonts);
  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}

Answer 1

尝试:

gcc $(pkg-config x11 --cflags) findXfonts.c -o findXfonts $(pkg-config x11 --libs)

然后阅读 pgk-config 的手册页:

man pkg-config