c# - 在 C# 中使用自定义序列化时如何控制 XML 元素的名称？

Question

我正在使用我需要符合的外部开发的 XSD，其中字段 Engine 可以是以下两种类型之一:Electric 或 Combustion 。两者都派生自父类(super class) Engine。

有多种方法可以让 C# 中的 XmlSerializer 处理这个问题，但所有方法似乎都与相同的副作用相关:使用自定义序列化器时默认序列化命名约定被抛出窗外 -接近。我想模仿 Vehicle 类其余字段的默认行为。

考虑以下几点:

using System;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Schema;
using System.Xml.Serialization;

namespace DMV
{
    public class Vehicle : IXmlSerializable
    {
        public Engine Engine { get; set; }
        [XmlElement("Manufacturer")]
        public Company Manufacturer { get; set; }

        public void WriteXml(XmlWriter writer)
        {
            XmlSerializer engineSerializer = new XmlSerializer(Engine.GetType());
            engineSerializer.Serialize(writer, Engine);
            
            XmlSerializer manufacturerSerializer = new XmlSerializer(Manufacturer.GetType());
            manufacturerSerializer.Serialize(writer, Manufacturer);
        }
    }

    public abstract class Engine { }

    public class Electric : Engine
    {
        public int Poles { get; set; }
    }

    public class Combustion : Engine
    {
        public int CC { get; set; }
    }

    public class Company 
    {
        public string Name { get; set; }
    }

}

我尝试使用以下序列化代码运行它:

Vehicle vehicle = new Vehicle();
vehicle.Engine = new Electric();
vehicle.Manufacturer = new Company();

XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Vehicle));
TextWriter writer = new StringWriter();
serializer.Serialize(writer, vehicle);

Console.WriteLine(writer.ToString());
writer.Close();

结果是下面一堆令人失望的 caballus 粪便:

<Vehicle>
  <Electric>
    <Poles>0</Poles>
  </Electric>
  <Company/>
</Vehicle>

(是的，Engine 字段已正确序列化，但 Company 没有那么多。)

如果我使用默认(内置)序列化，我会得到以下(期望的!)输出:

<Vehicle>
  <Manufacturer />
</Vehicle>

如何同时序列化派生类 Electric 或 Combustion，同时保留字段 Manufacturer( 类型)的默认命名约定>公司)?

Answer 1

您可以通过这样做来摆脱自定义序列化程序:

public class Vehicle
{
    [XmlElement(typeof(Electric), ElementName = "Electric")]
    [XmlElement(typeof(Combustion), ElementName = "Combustion")]
    public Engine Engine { get; set; }
    [XmlElement("Manufacturer")]
    public Company Manufacturer { get; set; }
}