django - 为 Django 静态文件提供服务时的 Apache 403

Question

我浏览了很多相关的帖子，但似乎没有任何帮助。
相关信息:

Django version - 1.4

Apache version - 2.2

Python version - 2.7

OS - Xubuntu 12.04

DB - Mysql

我正在尝试让 Apache 为 django 应用程序和静态文件提供服务。该问题在无法显示任何 CSS 样式或图像的管理站点中变得明显。我的管理网站目前看起来像:

(好吧，我会包含一张图片，但堆栈溢出并没有让我这样做。我只想说它看起来像发布在此主题上的其他所有人的管理页面，请参阅 Apache not serving django admin static files
)

像我的登录页面和一些动态内容这样的应用程序工作得很好，但是当我尝试提供静态内容时，我得到一个 403 错误。此外，当我尝试通过查看管理页面呈现的 html 并单击指向样式表的链接来手动导航到样式表时

http://localhost/static/admin/css/base.css 

我收到 403 错误。我可以在终端中导航到那里，并更改文件夹的权限，以便 Apache 的 www-data 用户明确有权访问所有文件。

以下是我的 httpd.conf 的相关部分:

#AliasMatch ^/([^/]*\.css) /usr/local/wsgi/static/styles/$1

Alias /media/ "/usr/local/wsgi/media/"
Alias /static/ "/usr/local/wsgi/static/"

<Directory "/usr/local/wsgi/static">
Order deny,allow
Allow from all
</Directory>

<Directory "/usr/local/wsgi/media">
Order deny,allow
Allow from all
</Directory>
WSGIScriptAlias / "/home/noah/Documents/Web/Basic/apache/django.wsgi"

<Directory "/usr/local/wsgi/scripts">
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>

在 friend 的建议下，我还将上述内容复制到了我的站点可用默认值:

<VirtualHost *:80>
    ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost

    DocumentRoot /var/www
    TypesConfig /etc/mime.types
    <Directory />
        Options FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride None
    </Directory>
    <Directory /home/noah/Documents/Web/Basic/apache/ >
        Options -Indexes FollowSymLinks
            AllowOverride AuthConfig FileInfo
            Order allow,deny
            Allow from all
        </Directory>
    <Directory /var/www/>
        Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews
        AllowOverride None
        Order allow,deny
        allow from all
    </Directory>
    SetEnv DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE Basic.settings
    ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/
    <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin">
        AllowOverride None
        Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
        Order allow,deny
        Allow from all
    </Directory>

#AliasMatch ^/([^/]*\.css) /usr/local/wsgi/static/styles/$1

Alias /media "/usr/local/wsgi/media/"
Alias /static "/usr/local/wsgi/static/"

<Directory "/usr/local/wsgi/static">
Order deny,allow
Allow from all
</Directory>

<Directory "/usr/local/wsgi/media">
Order deny,allow
Allow from all
</Directory>
WSGIScriptAlias / "/home/noah/Documents/Web/Basic/apache/django.wsgi"

<Directory "/usr/local/wsgi/scripts">
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>

    ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log

    # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit,
    # alert, emerg.
    LogLevel warn

    CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined

    Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/"
    <Directory "/usr/share/doc/">
        Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks
        AllowOverride None
        Order deny,allow
        Deny from all
        Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128
    </Directory>

</VirtualHost>

这是我的 django.wsgi

import os
import sys

path = '/home/noah/Documents/Web/Basic'
if path not in sys.path:
    sys.path.append(path)

os.environ['DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE'] = 'Basic.settings'

import django.core.handlers.wsgi
application = django.core.handlers.wsgi.WSGIHandler()

最后，这是我的 settings.py:

# Absolute filesystem path to the directory that will hold user-uploaded files.
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/media/"
MEDIA_ROOT = '/usr/local/wsgi/media/'

# URL that handles the media served from MEDIA_ROOT. Make sure to use a
# trailing slash.
# Examples: "http://media.lawrence.com/media/", "http://example.com/media/"
MEDIA_URL = 'http://localhost/media/'

# Absolute path to the directory static files should be collected to.
# Don't put anything in this directory yourself; store your static files
# in apps' "static/" subdirectories and in STATICFILES_DIRS.
# Example: "/home/media/media.lawrence.com/static/"
STATIC_ROOT = '/usr/local/wsgi/static/'

# URL prefix for static files.
# Example: "http://media.lawrence.com/static/"
STATIC_URL = 'http://localhost/static/'

# Additional locations of static files
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    # Put strings here, like "/home/html/static" or "C:/www/django/static".
    # Always use forward slashes, even on Windows.
    # Don't forget to use absolute paths, not relative paths.
)

# List of finder classes that know how to find static files in
# various locations.
STATICFILES_FINDERS = (
    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.FileSystemFinder',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.AppDirectoriesFinder',
#    'django.contrib.staticfiles.finders.DefaultStorageFinder',
)

# Make this unique, and don't share it with anybody.
SECRET_KEY = 'bmc&epl=#u)r3elkvj#@90*cji*z^cg8dnh$7j9kh@g9wzw(ih'

# List of callables that know how to import templates from various sources.
TEMPLATE_LOADERS = (
    'django.template.loaders.filesystem.Loader',
    'django.template.loaders.app_directories.Loader',
#     'django.template.loaders.eggs.Loader',
)

MIDDLEWARE_CLASSES = (
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    # Uncomment the next line for simple clickjacking protection:
    # 'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
)

ROOT_URLCONF = 'Basic.urls'

# Python dotted path to the WSGI application used by Django's runserver.
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'Basic.wsgi.application'

我的 Django 项目“Basic”位于 ~/Documents/Web/中，符号链接(symbolic link)到/var/www/

非常感谢任何帮助，如果您需要更多文件/信息，请告诉我。

Answer 1

我也遇到过这个问题。

我无法将静态文件放入 /var/www正如诺亚建议的那样。

通过添加到 apache2.conf 解决:

<Directory /usr/local/django_apps/myapp/static>
    Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
    AllowOverride None
    Require all granted
</Directory>