R ggplot 条形图，X 轴上有月份

Question

我想要一个条形图，X 轴为月份，Y 轴为计数，二进制列 (status) 作为填充。这是包含错误、警告和我得到的情节的代码。如何获得正确的情节？

library(ggplot2)

# to read in date correctly
setClass("myDate")
setAs("character", 
      "myDate", 
      function(from) as.Date(from, format = "%Y-%m-%d"))

csvData <- "id,dt,status
1,2015-12-03,1
2,2015-12-05,1
3,2015-12-05,0
4,2015-11-24,1
5,2015-10-17,0
6,2015-12-18,0
7,2016-06-30,0
8,2016-05-21,1
9,2016-03-31,0
10,2015-12-31,0"

tmp <- read.csv(textConnection(csvData),
                colClasses = c("integer", "myDate", "factor"))
tmp$mon <- as.Date(cut(tmp$dt, breaks = "month"))

# The plot must have this time frame on the X-axis
dtLimits <- as.Date(c("2015-01-01", "2016-08-01"))

# This does not work
# since x is a factor here and scale uses date
ggplot(data = tmp, aes(x = as.factor(mon))) + 
  geom_bar(aes(fill = status)) + 
  scale_x_date(date_breaks = "1 month", 
               labels = date_format("%y/%m"),
               limits = dtLimits)
# Error: Invalid input: date_trans works with objects of class Date only

# wrong plot with warning message
ggplot(data = tmp, aes(x = mon)) + 
  geom_bar(aes(fill = status)) + 
  scale_x_date(date_breaks = "1 month", 
               labels = date_format("%y/%m"),
               limits = dtLimits) +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 1))
# Warning message:
# position_stack requires non-overlapping x intervals 

最后一条语句产生的情节是这样的:

以下代码生成了正确的图表，但没有要求的限制并且缺少计数为 0 的月份。

ggplot(data = tmp, 
       aes(x = as.factor(format(mon, format = "%y/%m")))) + 
  geom_bar(aes(fill = status)) +
  theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, hjust = 1))

Answer 1

当您处理日期时，x 轴以天为单位。条形宽度设置为数据分辨率的 90%，因此在这种情况下，如果您不设置 width 参数，则每个条形包含 0.9 天。将其更改为 30 以获得大约一个月的 bin。

ggplot(data = tmp, aes(x = mon)) + 
    geom_bar(aes(fill = status), width = 30) + 
    scale_x_date(date_breaks = "1 month", 
                 labels = date_format("%y/%m"),
                 limits = dtLimits)  +
    theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle = 90, vjust = .5))