python - 我怎样才能让 Spacy 停止将带连字符的数字和单词拆分成单独的标记？

Question

感谢观看。我正在使用 spaCy 对一段文本执行命名实体识别，但我遇到了一个似乎无法克服的特殊问题。这是一个示例代码:

from spacy.tokenizer import Tokenizer
nlp = spacy.load("en_core_web_sm")

doc = nlp('The Indo-European Caucus won the all-male election 58-32.')

结果如下:

['The', 'Indo', '-', 'European', 'Caucus', 'won', 'the', 'all', '-', 'male', 'election', ',', '58', '-', '32', '.']

我的问题是我需要那些包含连字符的单词和数字作为单个标记出现。我遵循了 this answer 中给出的示例通过使用以下代码:

inf = list(nlp.Defaults.infixes)
inf = [x for x in inf if '-|–|—|--|---|——|~' not in x] # remove the hyphen-between-letters pattern from infix patterns
infix_re = compile_infix_regex(tuple(inf))

def custom_tokenizer(nlp):
    return Tokenizer(nlp.vocab, prefix_search=nlp.tokenizer.prefix_search,
                                suffix_search=nlp.tokenizer.suffix_search,
                                infix_finditer=infix_re.finditer,
                                token_match=nlp.tokenizer.token_match,
                                rules=nlp.Defaults.tokenizer_exceptions)

nlp.tokenizer = custom_tokenizer(nlp)

这对字母字符有帮助，我得到了这个:

['The', 'Indo-European', 'Caucus', 'won', 'the', 'all-male', 'election', ',', '58', '-', '32', '.']

那好多了，但是 '58-32' 仍然拆分为单独的标记。我试过 this answer并得到相反的效果:

['The', 'Indo', '-', 'European', 'Caucus', 'won', 'the', 'all', '-', 'male', 'election', ',' '58-32', '.']

如何更改分词器以在两种情况下都提供正确的结果？

Answer 1

您可以结合这两种解决方案:

import spacy
from spacy.tokenizer import Tokenizer
from spacy.util import compile_infix_regex

nlp = spacy.load("en_core_web_sm")

def custom_tokenizer(nlp):
    inf = list(nlp.Defaults.infixes)               # Default infixes
    inf.remove(r"(?<=[0-9])[+\-\*^](?=[0-9-])")    # Remove the generic op between numbers or between a number and a -
    inf = tuple(inf)                               # Convert inf to tuple
    infixes = inf + tuple([r"(?<=[0-9])[+*^](?=[0-9-])", r"(?<=[0-9])-(?=-)"])  # Add the removed rule after subtracting (?<=[0-9])-(?=[0-9]) pattern
    infixes = [x for x in infixes if '-|–|—|--|---|——|~' not in x] # Remove - between letters rule
    infix_re = compile_infix_regex(infixes)

    return Tokenizer(nlp.vocab, prefix_search=nlp.tokenizer.prefix_search,
                                suffix_search=nlp.tokenizer.suffix_search,
                                infix_finditer=infix_re.finditer,
                                token_match=nlp.tokenizer.token_match,
                                rules=nlp.Defaults.tokenizer_exceptions)

nlp.tokenizer = custom_tokenizer(nlp)
doc = nlp('The Indo-European Caucus won the all-male election 58-32.')
print([token.text for token in doc]) 

输出:

['The', 'Indo-European', 'Caucus', 'won', 'the', 'all-male', 'election', '58-32', '.']