r - 如何在 r 中的多个点拆分字符串列？

Question

我有一个基因变异 ID 的遗传数据集:

VARIANT_ID
01_1254436_A_G_1
02_2254436_A_G_1 
03_3255436_A_G_1 
10_10344745_A_G_1 
11_11256437_A_G_1 
11_11343426_A_G_1 
12_12222431_A_G_1
14_14200436_A_G_1 
15_15256789_A_G_1 

我希望在第一个 _ 和最后一个 _ 中创建一个包含此数据的子部分的新列，因此希望输出:

VARIANT_ID           newcol 
01_1254436_A_G_1     1254436_A_G
02_2254436_A_G_1     2254436_A_G
03_3255436_A_G_1     3255436_A_G
10_10344745_A_G_1    10344745_A_G
11_11256437_A_G_1    11256437_A_G
11_11343426_A_G_1    11343426_A_G
12_12222431_A_G_1    12222431_A_G
14_14200436_A_G_1    14200436_A_G
15_15256789_A_G_1    15256789_A_G

我没能在 R 中找到类似的问题，所以不确定如何解决这个问题，我已经尝试使用 str_split_fixed() 但这不起作用，任何帮助尝试什么功能将不胜感激

输入数据:

dput(df)
structure(list(VARIANT_ID = c("01_1254436_A_G_1", "02_2254436_A_G_1", 
"03_3255436_A_G_1", "10_10344745_A_G_1", "11_11256437_A_G_1", 
"11_11343426_A_G_1", "12_12222431_A_G_1", "14_14200436_A_G_1", 
"15_15256789_A_G_1")), row.names = c(NA, -9L), class = c("data.table", 
"data.frame"))

Answer 1

我们可以利用一个简单的 RegEx 来进行拆分:

 library(dplyr)
 df %>% 
  mutate(split_string = stringr::str_replace_all(VARIANT_ID,"^\\d{1,}_|_\\d+$",""))

或者:

df %>% 
       mutate(split_string = stringr::str_replace_all(VARIANT_ID,
"^\\d{1,}_(?=\\d{2,})|_\\d$", ""))

结果:

     VARIANT_ID split_string
1:  01_1254436_A_G_1  1254436_A_G
2:  02_2254436_A_G_1  2254436_A_G
3:  03_3255436_A_G_1  3255436_A_G
4: 10_10344745_A_G_1 10344745_A_G
5: 11_11256437_A_G_1 11256437_A_G
6: 11_11343426_A_G_1 11343426_A_G
7: 12_12222431_A_G_1 12222431_A_G
8: 14_14200436_A_G_1 14200436_A_G
9: 15_15256789_A_G_1 15256789_A_G