java - lateinit 属性模拟对象尚未初始化

Question

我正在尝试使用注释@MockBean 初始化(通过模拟)两个对象

它似乎只有在我调用方法 mock(className) 时才有效，但由于我想在多个方法上使用模拟类，我不想在我的测试方法中重复相同的代码。

这是我的测试课:

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner::class)
class WordServiceTest {

    @MockBean
    lateinit var wordRepositoryMock: WordRepository

    @MockBean
    private lateinit var wordMapperMock: WordMapper

    @Test
    fun findAllTest() {
        // Error: lateinit property wordRepositoryMock has not been initialized
        val wordService = WordService(wordRepositoryMock, wordMapperMock)
        `when`(wordRepositoryMock.findAll()).thenReturn(listOf(
                WordEntity(UUID.randomUUID(), "xxx"),
                WordEntity(UUID.randomUUID(), "xxx")))
        assertEquals(2, wordService.findAll().size)
    }

    @Test
    fun wordExistsTest() {
        // This works fine
        val wordRepositoryMock = mock(WordRepository::class.java)
        val wordMapperMock = mock(WordMapper::class.java)
        val wordService = WordService(wordRepositoryMock, wordMapperMock)
        val word = "xxx"
        `when`(wordRepositoryMock.existsWordEntityByName(word)).thenReturn(true)
        assertEquals(true, wordService.wordExists(word))
    }
}

我不想使用 Spring Boot @Autowired 注释，因为我的 spring 应用程序需要我不想加载的上下文。

我得到的错误:

lateinit property wordRepositoryMock has not been initialized
kotlin.UninitializedPropertyAccessException: lateinit property wordRepositoryMock has not been initialized

依赖项:

dependencies {
    ...
    testImplementation("org.springframework.security:spring-security-test")
    testImplementation ('org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-starter-test') 
    testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter:5.6.2")
    testImplementation "org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-params:5.5.2"
    testImplementation "org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-api:5.6.2"
    testRuntimeOnly "org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter-engine:5.6.2"
    testImplementation("io.rest-assured:spring-mock-mvc:4.0.0")
    testImplementation("io.mockk:mockk:1.9.3")
    testImplementation "org.testcontainers:postgresql:1.11.3"
    testImplementation "org.springframework.kafka:spring-kafka-test:2.2.7.RELEASE"
    runtimeOnly('org.postgresql:postgresql')
    developmentOnly 'org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-devtools'
    testImplementation "org.mockito:mockito-junit-jupiter:3.3.3"
}

Answer 1

MockitoJUnitRunner与 @Mock 一起使用注解。
@MockBean来自 Spring，因此您需要使用 @SpringRunner .

但是，看起来您的示例不需要 Spring，因此您可以切换到 @Mock :

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner::class)
class WordServiceTest {

    @Mock
    private lateinit var wordRepositoryMock: WordRepository

    @Mock
    private lateinit var wordMapperMock: WordMapper
}

如果您升级到 Junit5(我只在 Junit5 中测试过)，您还可以进一步改进。构造函数参数是 lateinit 的一个很好的替代方案:

@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension::class)
class WordServiceTest(
    @Mock val wordRepositoryMock: WordRepository,
    @Mock val wordMapperMock: WordMapper
) {

}