asp.net-mvc-3 - 在MVC3中使用强类型 View 时可以继承模型吗？

Question

我的模型中有以下设置:

namespace QuickTest.Models
{
    public class Person
    {
        [Required]
        [Display(Name = "Full name")]
        public string FullName { get; set; }

        [Display(Name = "Address Line 1")]
        public virtual string Address1 { get; set; }
    }
    public class Sender : Person
    {
        [Required]
        public override string Address1 { get; set; }
    }
    public class Receiver : Person
    {
    }
}

在我看来:

@model QuickTest.Models.Person
@{
    ViewBag.Title = "Edit";
}
<script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.min.js")" type="text/javascript"></script>

@using (Html.BeginForm()) {
    <fieldset>
        <legend>Person</legend>
        <div class="editor-label">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.FullName)
        </div>
        <div class="editor-field">
            @Html.EditorFor(model => model.FullName)
            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.FullName)
        </div>
        <div class="editor-label">
            @Html.LabelFor(model => model.Address1)
        </div>
        <div class="editor-field">
            @Html.EditorFor(model => model.Address1)
            @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Address1)
        </div>

        <div class="errors">
            @Html.ValidationSummary(true)
        </div>
        <p>
            <input type="submit" value="Save" />
        </p>
    </fieldset>
}

启用客户端验证。但是，如果我将Sender类型的对象发送到View，则客户端验证不会检测到Address1字段是必需的。在这种情况下，有什么方法可以使客户端验证有效？

PS:
我发现如果使用以下方法在 View 中显示Address1字段，则客户端验证有效:

<div class="editor-field">
    @Html.Editor("Address1", Model.Address1)
    @Html.ValidationMessageFor(model => model.Address1)
</div>

Answer 1

您可以自定义来自具体类的验证器和元数据，但是该解决方案包含多个事件部分，其中包括两个自定义元数据提供程序。

首先，创建一个自定义的Attribute来装饰基类的每个属性。这对于我们的自定义提供程序是必要的，以指示何时需要进一步分析。这是属性:

[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.All, Inherited = true, AllowMultiple = true)]
public class BaseTypeAttribute : Attribute { }

接下来，创建一个继承自 ModelMetadataProvider的自定义 DataAnnotationsModelMetadataProvider:

public class MyModelMetadataProvider : DataAnnotationsModelMetadataProvider
{
    protected override ModelMetadata CreateMetadata(
        IEnumerable<Attribute> attributes,
        Type containerType,
        Func<object> modelAccessor,
        Type modelType,
        string propertyName)
    {
        var attribute = attributes.FirstOrDefault(a => a.GetType().Equals(typeof(BaseTypeAttribute))) as BaseTypeAttribute;
        if (attribute != null && modelAccessor != null)
        {
            var target = modelAccessor.Target;
            var containerField = target.GetType().GetField("container");
            if (containerField == null)
            {
                var vdi = target.GetType().GetField("vdi").GetValue(target) as ViewDataInfo;
                var concreteType = vdi.Container.GetType();
                return base.CreateMetadata(attributes, concreteType, modelAccessor, modelType, propertyName);
            }
            else
            {
                var container = containerField.GetValue(target);
                var concreteType = container.GetType();
                var propertyField = target.GetType().GetField("property");
                if (propertyField == null)
                {
                    concreteType = base.GetMetadataForProperties(container, containerType)
                        .FirstOrDefault(p => p.PropertyName == "ConcreteType").Model as System.Type;
                    if (concreteType != null)
                        return base.GetMetadataForProperties(container, concreteType)
                            .FirstOrDefault(pr => pr.PropertyName == propertyName);
                }
                return base.CreateMetadata(attributes, concreteType, modelAccessor, modelType, propertyName);
            }
        }
        return base.CreateMetadata(attributes, containerType, modelAccessor, modelType, propertyName);
    }
}

然后，创建一个继承自 ModelValidatorProvider的自定义 DataAnnotationsModelValidatorProvider:

public class MyModelMetadataValidatorProvider : DataAnnotationsModelValidatorProvider
{
    protected override IEnumerable<ModelValidator> GetValidators(ModelMetadata metadata, ControllerContext context, IEnumerable<Attribute> attributes)
    {
        List<ModelValidator> vals = base.GetValidators(metadata, context, attributes).ToList();

        var baseTypeAttribute = attributes.FirstOrDefault(a => a.GetType().Equals(typeof(BaseTypeAttribute))) 
            as BaseTypeAttribute;

        if (baseTypeAttribute != null)
        {
            // get our parent model
            var parentMetaData = ModelMetadataProviders.Current.GetMetadataForProperties(context.Controller.ViewData.Model,
                metadata.ContainerType);

            // get the concrete type
            var concreteType = parentMetaData.FirstOrDefault(p => p.PropertyName == "ConcreteType").Model;
            if (concreteType != null)
            {
                var concreteMetadata = ModelMetadataProviders.Current.GetMetadataForProperties(context.Controller.ViewData.Model,
                    Type.GetType(concreteType.ToString()));

                var concretePropertyMetadata = concreteMetadata.FirstOrDefault(p => p.PropertyName == metadata.PropertyName);

                vals = base.GetValidators(concretePropertyMetadata, context, attributes).ToList();
            }
        }
        return vals.AsEnumerable();
    }
}

之后，在Global.asax.cs的 Application_Start中注册这两个自定义提供程序:

ModelValidatorProviders.Providers.Clear();
ModelValidatorProviders.Providers.Add(new MvcApplication8.Controllers.MyModelMetadataValidatorProvider());
ModelMetadataProviders.Current = new MvcApplication8.Controllers.MyModelMetadataProvider();

现在，像这样更改模型:

public class Person
{
    public Type ConcreteType { get; set; }

    [Required]
    [Display(Name = "Full name")]
    [BaseType]
    public string FullName { get; set; }

    [Display(Name = "Address Line 1")]
    [BaseType]
    public virtual string Address1 { get; set; }
}

public class Sender : Person
{
    public Sender()
    {
        this.ConcreteType = typeof(Sender);
    }

    [Required]
    [Display(Name = "Address Line One")]
    public override string Address1 { get; set; }
}

public class Receiver : Person
{
}

请注意，基类具有一个新属性 ConcreteType。这将用于指示哪个继承类实例化了此基类。每当继承类的元数据覆盖基类中的元数据时，继承类的构造函数应设置基类ConcreteType属性。

现在，即使您的 View 使用基类，特定于任何具体继承类的属性也将出现在您的 View 中，并会影响模型的验证。

另外，您应该能够将View转换为Person类型的模板，并将该模板用于使用基类或从基类继承的任何实例。