wcf - 在 IIS7 上部署 WCF 教程应用程序 : "The type could not be found"

Question

我一直在努力关注这个 tutorial用于将 WCF 示例部署到 IIS。
我无法让它工作。这是一个托管站点，但我确实拥有对服务器的 IIS 管理器访问权限。但是，在本教程的第 2 步中，我无法“创建物理上位于此应用程序目录中的新 IIS 应用程序”。我似乎找不到菜单项、上下文菜单项或不创建新应用程序的内容。我一直在疯狂地右键单击任何地方，但仍然不知道如何创建新应用程序。我想这可能是根本问题，但我尝试了其他一些事情(如下所述)，以防万一实际上不是问题。这是我在 IIS 管理器中看到的图片，以防我的话不正确:

No add Application Here http://www.freeimagehosting.net/uploads/d6edbaaf3c.png

这是“部署”在 http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalcService/Service.svc .错误说:

    The type 'Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.CalculatorService', 
provided as the Service attribute value in the ServiceHost directive, 
or provided in the configuration element
 system.serviceModel/serviceHostingEnvironment/serviceActivations 
could not be found.

我还尝试在 dotnetpanel 中创建一个指向 IISHostedCalcService 的虚拟目录(IISHostedCalc)。当我导航到 http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalc/Service.svc ，然后有一个不同的错误:

This collection already contains an address with scheme http.  
There can be at most one address per scheme in this collection.

有趣的是，如果我单击“查看应用程序”，则虚拟目录似乎是一个应用程序(见下图)……尽管根据上面的错误消息，它不起作用。

Is this an app or not? http://www.freeimagehosting.net/uploads/f3230be046.png

根据教程，不涉及编译；我只是将文件放在服务器上的 IISHostedCalcService 文件夹中，如下所示:

service.svc
Web.config
<dir: App_Code>
   Service.cs

service.svc 包含:

<%@ServiceHost language=c# Debug="true" Service="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.CalculatorService"%>

(我尝试在 c# 属性周围加上引号，因为没有引号这看起来有点奇怪，但没有区别)

Web.config 包含:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service name="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.CalculatorService">

        <!-- This endpoint is exposed at the base address provided by host:                                        http://localhost/servicemodelsamples/service.svc  -->
        <endpoint address=""
                  binding="wsHttpBinding"
                  contract="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.ICalculator" />

        <!-- The mex endpoint is explosed at http://localhost/servicemodelsamples/service.svc/mex -->
        <endpoint address="mex"
                  binding="mexHttpBinding"
                  contract="IMetadataExchange" />
      </service>
    </services>
  </system.serviceModel>
  <system.web>
    <customErrors mode="Off"/>
  </system.web>
</configuration>

Service.cs 包含:

using System;
using System.ServiceModel;

namespace Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples
{

    [ServiceContract]
    public interface ICalculator
    {
        [OperationContract]
        double Add(double n1, double n2);
        [OperationContract]
        double Subtract(double n1, double n2);
        [OperationContract]
        double Multiply(double n1, double n2);
        [OperationContract]
        double Divide(double n1, double n2);
    }


    public class CalculatorService : ICalculator
    {
        public double Add(double n1, double n2)
        {
            return n1 + n2;
        }
        public double Subtract(double n1, double n2)
        {
            return n1 - n2;
        }
        public double Multiply(double n1, double n2)
        {
            return n1 * n2;
        }
        public double Divide(double n1, double n2)
        {
            return n1 / n2;
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

好吧，看来我让这个工作了。我仍然无法在 IIS 管理器中找到“创建应用程序”项。这部分有点令人沮丧，但我很高兴它无论如何似乎都在工作。

我在 wwwroot 下创建了物理目录 IISHostedCalcService。这造成了一些困惑；这意味着 http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalcService/Service.svc几乎工作，但它不应该。我将 IISHostedCalcService 移到 wwwroot 之外，现在访问该服务的唯一位置是 http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalc/Service.svc .

然后，访问 http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalc/Service.svc抛出“这个集合已经包含一个带有 http 方案的地址。
此集合中每个方案最多只能有一个地址。”错误。事实证明，解决方案是将以下内容添加到 web.config 文件中，就在 system.serviceModel 下:

<serviceHostingEnvironment>
  <baseAddressPrefixFilters>
    <add prefix="http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com"/>
  </baseAddressPrefixFilters>
</serviceHostingEnvironment>

之后，我在访问 http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalc/Service.svc 时遇到了新错误:“在服务 CalculatorService 实现的契约(Contract)列表中找不到契约(Contract)名称 IMetadataExchange”。事实证明，解决方案是修改 web.config 文件如下(即，添加行为部分，并在服务元素中添加 behaviorConfiguration="SimpleServiceBehavior"):

<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <serviceHostingEnvironment>
      <baseAddressPrefixFilters>
        <add prefix="http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com"/>
      </baseAddressPrefixFilters>
    </serviceHostingEnvironment>
    <services>
      <service name="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.CalculatorService" behaviorConfiguration="SimpleServiceBehavior">
      ...
      </service>
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="SimpleServiceBehavior">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True" policyVersion="Policy15" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
  </system.serviceModel>
  <system.web>
    <customErrors mode="Off"/>
  </system.web>
</configuration>

最后，我能够通过将 svcutil 指向 http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com/IISHostedCalc/service.svc?wsdl 来创建客户端代理。在教程的第 5c 步中 http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms733133.aspx .但是，当我运行客户端时，出现“调用方未通过服务验证”错误。对此的解决方案是最简单的:只需将服务的 web.config 和客户端的 web.config 中的 binding="wsHttpBinding"更改为 binding="basicHttpBinding"(或在更改服务的 web.config 后重新运行 svcutil)。

web.config 最终看起来像这样:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <serviceHostingEnvironment>
      <baseAddressPrefixFilters>
        <add prefix="http://test.com.cws1.my-hosting-panel.com"/>
      </baseAddressPrefixFilters>
    </serviceHostingEnvironment>
    <services>
      <service name="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.CalculatorService" behaviorConfiguration="SimpleServiceBehavior">

        <!-- This endpoint is exposed at the base address provided by host:                                        http://localhost/servicemodelsamples/service.svc  -->
        <endpoint address=""
                  binding="basicHttpBinding"
                  contract="Microsoft.ServiceModel.Samples.ICalculator" />

        <!-- The mex endpoint is explosed at http://localhost/servicemodelsamples/service.svc/mex -->            
        <endpoint address="mex"
                  binding="mexHttpBinding"
                  contract="IMetadataExchange" />

      </service>
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="SimpleServiceBehavior">
          <!-- To avoid disclosing metadata information, set the value below to false and remove the metadata endpoint above before deployment -->
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true" policyVersion="Policy15" />
          <!-- To receive exception details in faults for debugging purposes, set the value below to true.  Set to false before deployment to avoid disclosing exception information -->
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="false"/>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
  </system.serviceModel>
  <system.web>
    <customErrors mode="Off"/>
  </system.web>
</configuration>