python : regex lookbehind get word after single or double quotes

Question

我有如下内容的文件。我正在尝试提取文件中“-x”旁边的单词，最后只需要获得 uniq 结果。作为其中的一部分，我尝试了下面的正则表达式，但在输出中只得到了单引号和双引号。当我只对双引号使用正则表达式时，我得到了结果。

文件内容

00 04 * * 2-6   testuser   /get_results.sh -q -x 'igp_srm_m' -s 'yesterday' -e 'yesterday' -m '2048' -b >>'/var/log/process/srm-console.log' 2>&1
00 10 * * 2-6   testuser   /get_results.sh -q -x 'igp_srm_m' -s 'yesterday' -e 'yesterday' -m '2048' -w '720' >>'/var/log/process/srm-console.log' 2>&1

00 08 * * 1-5   testuser   /get_results.sh -q -x "igp_france" -s "today" -e "today" -m "90000" -b -z partA >>"/var/log/process/france-partA-console.log" 2>&1
00 12 * * 2-6   testuser   /get_results.sh -q -x "igp_france" -s "yesterday" -e "yesterday" -m "90000" -w "900" -z partA >>"/var/log/process/france-partA-console.log" 2>&1

00 08 * * 1-5   testuser   /get_results.sh -q -x "igp_france" -s "today" -e "today" -m "90000" -b -z partB >>"/var/log/process/france-partB-console.log" 2>&1
00 12 * * 2-6   testuser   /get_results.sh -q -x "igp_france" -s "yesterday" -e "yesterday" -m "90000" -w "900" -z partB >>"/var/log/process/france-partB-console.log" 2>&1

00 12 * * 2-6   testuser   JAVA_OPTS='-server -Xmx512m' /merge.sh "yesterday" "igp_france" "partA,partB" >>"/var/log/process/france-console.log" 2>&1
00 08 * * 1-5   testuser   /get_results.sh -q -x "igpswitz_france" -s "today" -e "today" -m "15000" -b >>'/var/log/process/igpswitz_france-console.log' 2>&1
00 12 * * 2-6   testuser   /get_results.sh -q -x "igpswitz_france" -s "yesterday" -e "yesterday" -m "15000" -Dapc.maxalerts=8000 -w "900" >>'/var/log/process/igpswitz_france-console.log' 2>&1

30 07 * * 2-6   testuser   /get_results.sh -q -x "igp_franced" -s 'yesterday' -e 'yesterday' -m "105000" -b >>"/var/log/process/franced-console.log" 2>&1
15 12 * * 2-6   testuser   /get_results.sh -q -x "igp_franced" -s 'yesterday' -e 'yesterday' -m "105000" -w "960" >>"/var/log/process/franced-console.log" 2>&1

尝试语法

import re
with open ("test2") as file:
        for line in file:
                try:
                        m=re.search('(?<=\-x (\"|\'))(\w+)',line)
                        print m.group(1)
                except:
                        m = None

预期输出

igp_srm_m
igp_france
igpswitz_france
igp_franced

收到输出

'
'
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
"

不确定出了什么问题，因为当我只尝试使用双引号时它工作正常。

仅适用于双引号的工作脚本

import re
with open ("test2") as file:
        for line in file:
                try:
                        m = re.search('(?<=\-x \")(\w*)', line)
                        print m.group(1)
                except:
                        m = None

收到输出 - 仅搜索双引号

igp_france
igp_france
igp_france
igp_france
igpswitz_france
igpswitz_france
igp_franced
igp_franced

Answer 1

您可以使用 set获取唯一值。

在您的模式中，值在第 2 组中，但您可以稍微优化一下模式。单引号和双引号可以在字符类 (["']) 中使用并在第 1 组中捕获。然后您可以使用反向引用来配对匹配的引号 \

-x (["'])(\w+)\1

Regex demo | Python demo

import re

result = set()

with open ("test2") as file:
    for line in file:
        try:
            m = re.search(r"-x ([\"'])(\w+)\1", line)
            result.add(m.group(2))
        except:
            m = None

print(result)

输出

{'igp_france', 'igp_srm_m', 'igp_franced', 'igpswitz_france'}