amazon-web-services - 如何在带有 Terraform 的 AWS VPC 中的两个子网之间进行路由？

Question

更新:
除其他外，一直在努力解决这个问题。似乎无法获得带有两个子网和一个 SSH 堡垒的工作配置。为完整的 .tf 文件配置提供赏金:
* 创建两个私有(private)子网
* 创建一个堡垒
* 在通过堡垒配置的每个子网上旋转一个 ec2 实例(通过堡垒运行一些任意 shell 命令)
* 已配置互联网网关
* 对私有(private)子网上的主机有一个 nat 网关
* 具有相应配置的路由和安全组

原帖:
我正在尝试学习 Terraform 并构建原型(prototype)。我有一个通过 Terraform 配置的 AWS VPC。除了 DMZ 子网之外，我还有一个公共(public)子网“web”，它接收来自 Internet 的流量。我有一个无法从 Internet 访问的私有(private)子网“应用程序”。我正在尝试配置堡垒主机，以便 terraform 可以在私有(private)“应用程序”子网上配置实例。我还不能让它工作。

当我 ssh 进入堡垒时，我无法从堡垒主机通过 SSH 连接到私有(private)子网中的任何实例。我怀疑有路由问题。我一直在通过几个可用的示例和文档来构建这个原型(prototype)。许多示例通过 aws 提供程序使用略有不同的技术和 terraform 路由定义。

有人可以提供理想或正确的方法来定义这三个子网(公共(public)'web'、公共(public)'dmz' w/一个堡垒和私有(private)'app')，以便'web'子网上的实例可以访问'app'子网，并且 DMZ 中的堡垒主机可以在私有(private)“应用”子网中配置实例？

我的配置片段如下:

resource "aws_subnet" "dmz" {
    vpc_id = "${aws_vpc.vpc-poc.id}"
    cidr_block = "${var.cidr_block_dmz}"
}

resource "aws_route_table" "dmz" {
    vpc_id = "${aws_vpc.vpc-poc.id}"
    route {
        cidr_block = "0.0.0.0/0"
        gateway_id = "${aws_internet_gateway.gateway.id}"
    }
}

resource "aws_route_table_association" "dmz" {
    subnet_id = "${aws_subnet.dmz.id}"
    route_table_id = "${aws_route_table.dmz.id}"
}

resource "aws_subnet" "web" {
    vpc_id = "${aws_vpc.vpc-poc.id}"
    cidr_block = "10.200.2.0/24"
}

resource "aws_route_table" "web" {
    vpc_id = "${aws_vpc.vpc-poc.id}"
    route {
        cidr_block = "0.0.0.0/0"
        instance_id = "${aws_instance.bastion.id}"
    }
}

resource "aws_route_table_association" "web" {
    subnet_id = "${aws_subnet.web.id}"
    route_table_id = "${aws_route_table.web.id}"
}

resource "aws_subnet" "app" {
    vpc_id = "${aws_vpc.vpc-poc.id}"
    cidr_block = "10.200.3.0/24"
}

resource "aws_route_table" "app" {
    vpc_id = "${aws_vpc.vpc-poc.id}"
    route {
        cidr_block = "0.0.0.0/0"
        instance_id = "${aws_instance.bastion.id}"
    }
}

resource "aws_route_table_association" "app" {
    subnet_id = "${aws_subnet.app.id}"
    route_table_id = "${aws_route_table.app.id}"
}

Answer 1

这是一个可以帮助你的片段。这是未经测试的，但是是从我在私有(private)子网中配置 VM 的一个 terraform 文件中提取的。我知道这适用于一个私有(private)子网，我尝试在这里实现两个，就像你原来的问题一样。

我跳过我的 NAT 实例以使用 Terraform 访问和配置私有(private)子网框。如果您的安全组设置正确，它确实可以工作。我做了一些实验。

/* VPC creation */
resource "aws_vpc" "vpc_poc" {
  cidr_block = "10.200.0.0/16"
}

/* Internet gateway for the public subnets */
resource "aws_internet_gateway" "gateway" {
  vpc_id = "${aws_vpc.vpc_poc.id}"
}

/* DMZ subnet - public */
resource "aws_subnet" "dmz" {
    vpc_id = "${aws_vpc.vpc_poc.id}"
    cidr_block = "10.200.1.0/24"
    /* may help to be explicit here */
    map_public_ip_on_launch = true
    /* this is recommended in the docs */
    depends_on = ["aws_internet_gateway.gateway"]
}

resource "aws_route_table" "dmz" {
    vpc_id = "${aws_vpc.vpc_poc.id}"
    route {
        cidr_block = "0.0.0.0/0"
        gateway_id = "${aws_internet_gateway.gateway.id}"
    }
}

resource "aws_route_table_association" "dmz" {
    subnet_id = "${aws_subnet.dmz.id}"
    route_table_id = "${aws_route_table.dmz.id}"
}

/* Web subnet - public */
resource "aws_subnet" "web" {
    vpc_id = "${aws_vpc.vpc_poc.id}"
    cidr_block = "10.200.2.0/24"
    map_public_ip_on_launch = true
    depends_on = ["aws_internet_gateway.gateway"]
}

resource "aws_route_table" "web" {
    vpc_id = "${aws_vpc.vpc_poc.id}"
    route {
        cidr_block = "0.0.0.0/0"
        /* your public web subnet needs access to the gateway */
        /* this was set to bastion before so you had a circular arg */
        gateway_id = "${aws_internet_gateway.gateway.id}"
    }
}

resource "aws_route_table_association" "web" {
    subnet_id = "${aws_subnet.web.id}"
    route_table_id = "${aws_route_table.web.id}"
}

/* App subnet - private */
resource "aws_subnet" "app" {
    vpc_id = "${aws_vpc.vpc_poc.id}"
    cidr_block = "10.200.3.0/24"
}

/* Create route for DMZ Bastion */
resource "aws_route_table" "app" {
    vpc_id = "${aws_vpc.vpc_poc.id}"
    route {
        cidr_block = "0.0.0.0/0"
        /* this send traffic to the bastion to pass off */
        instance_id = "${aws_instance.nat_dmz.id}"
    }
}

/* Create route for App Bastion */
resource "aws_route_table" "app" {
    vpc_id = "${aws_vpc.vpc_poc.id}"
    route {
        cidr_block = "0.0.0.0/0"
        /* this send traffic to the bastion to pass off */
        instance_id = "${aws_instance.nat_web.id}"
    }
}

resource "aws_route_table_association" "app" {
    subnet_id = "${aws_subnet.app.id}"
    route_table_id = "${aws_route_table.app.id}"
}

/* Default security group */
resource "aws_security_group" "default" {
  name = "default-sg"
  description = "Default security group that allows inbound and outbound traffic from all instances in the VPC"
  vpc_id = "${aws_vpc.vpc_poc.id}"

  ingress {
    from_port   = "0"
    to_port     = "0"
    protocol    = "-1"
    self        = true
  }

  egress {
    from_port   = "0"
    to_port     = "0"
    protocol    = "-1"
    self        = true
  }
}

/* Security group for the nat server */
resource "aws_security_group" "nat" {
  name        = "nat-sg"
  description = "Security group for nat instances that allows SSH and VPN traffic from internet. Also allows outbound HTTP[S]"
  vpc_id      = "${aws_vpc.vpc_poc.id}"

  ingress {
    from_port   = 80
    to_port     = 80
    protocol    = "tcp"
    /* this your private subnet cidr */
    cidr_blocks = ["10.200.3.0/24"]
  }
  ingress {
    from_port   = 443
    to_port     = 443
    protocol    = "tcp"
    /* this is your private subnet cidr */
    cidr_blocks = ["10.200.3.0/24"]
  }
  ingress {
    from_port   = 22
    to_port     = 22
    protocol    = "tcp"
    cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
  }
  ingress {
    from_port   = -1
    to_port     = -1
    protocol    = "icmp"
    cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
  }

  egress {
    from_port   = 80
    to_port     = 80
    protocol    = "tcp"
    cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
  }
  egress {
    from_port   = 443
    to_port     = 443
    protocol    = "tcp"
    cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
  }
  egress {
    from_port   = 22
    to_port     = 22
    protocol    = "tcp"
    /* this is the vpc cidr block */
    cidr_blocks = ["10.200.0.0/16"]
  }
  egress {
    from_port   = -1
    to_port     = -1
    protocol    = "icmp"
    cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
  }
}

/* Security group for the web */
resource "aws_security_group" "web" {
  name = "web-sg"
  description = "Security group for web that allows web traffic from internet"
  vpc_id = "${aws_vpc.vpc_poc.id}"

  ingress {
    from_port = 80
    to_port   = 80
    protocol  = "tcp"
    cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
  }

  ingress {
    from_port = 443
    to_port   = 443
    protocol  = "tcp"
    cidr_blocks = ["0.0.0.0/0"]
  }
}

/* Install deploy key for use with all of our provisioners */
resource "aws_key_pair" "deployer" {
  key_name   = "deployer-key"
  public_key = "${file("~/.ssh/id_rsa")}"
}

/* Setup NAT in DMZ subnet */
resource "aws_instance" "nat_dmz" {
  ami               = "ami-67a54423"
  availability_zone = "us-west-1a"
  instance_type     = "m1.small"
  key_name          = "${aws_key_pair.deployer.id}"
  /* Notice we are assigning the security group here */
  security_groups   = ["${aws_security_group.nat.id}"]

  /* this puts the instance in your public subnet, but translate to the private one */
  subnet_id         = "${aws_subnet.dmz.id}"

  /* this is really important for nat instance */
  source_dest_check = false
  associate_public_ip_address = true
}

/* Give NAT EIP In DMZ */
resource "aws_eip" "nat_dmz" {
  instance  = "${aws_instance.nat_dmz.id}"
  vpc       = true
}

/* Setup NAT in Web subnet */
resource "aws_instance" "nat_web" {
  ami               = "ami-67a54423"
  availability_zone = "us-west-1a"
  instance_type     = "m1.small"
  key_name          = "${aws_key_pair.deployer.id}"
  /* Notice we are assigning the security group here */
  security_groups   = ["${aws_security_group.nat.id}"]

  /* this puts the instance in your public subnet, but translate to the private one */
  subnet_id         = "${aws_subnet.web.id}"

  /* this is really important for nat instance */
  source_dest_check = false
  associate_public_ip_address = true
}

/* Give NAT EIP In DMZ */
resource "aws_eip" "nat_web" {
  instance  = "${aws_instance.nat_web.id}"
  vpc       = true
}

/* Install server in private subnet and jump host to it with terraform */
resource "aws_instance" "private_box" {
  ami           = "ami-d1315fb1"
  instance_type = "t2.large"
  key_name      = "${aws_key_pair.deployer.id}"
  subnet_id     = "${aws_subnet.api.id}"
  associate_public_ip_address = false

  /* this is what gives the box access to talk to the nat */
  security_groups = ["${aws_security_group.nat.id}"]

  connection {
    /* connect through the nat instance to reach this box */
    bastion_host = "${aws_eip.nat_dmz.public_ip}"
    bastion_user = "ec2-user"
    bastion_private_key = "${file("keys/terraform_rsa")}"

    /* connect to box here */
    user = "ec2-user"
    host = "${self.private_ip}"
    private_key = "${file("~/.ssh/id_rsa")}"
  }
}