r - 无法从 OpenSUSE Leap 15.2 安装 arm 和 lme4 软件包

Question

我正在使用 OpenSUSE Leap 15.2操作系统连同预装 R v3.5.0 .除了 rstudio，我不需要安装任何软件包.
下面是安装细节:

> sessionInfo()

R version 3.5.0 (2018-04-23)
Platform: x86_64-suse-linux-gnu (64-bit)
Running under: openSUSE Leap 15.2

Matrix products: default
BLAS: /usr/lib64/R/lib/libRblas.so
LAPACK: /usr/lib64/R/lib/libRlapack.so

locale:
 [1] LC_CTYPE=fr_FR.UTF-8       LC_NUMERIC=C              
 [3] LC_TIME=fr_FR.UTF-8        LC_COLLATE=fr_FR.UTF-8    
 [5] LC_MONETARY=fr_FR.UTF-8    LC_MESSAGES=fr_FR.UTF-8   
 [7] LC_PAPER=fr_FR.UTF-8       LC_NAME=C                 
 [9] LC_ADDRESS=C               LC_TELEPHONE=C            
[11] LC_MEASUREMENT=fr_FR.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C       

attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base     

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] compiler_3.5.0

我在安装分析所需的两个软件包时遇到困难: arm和 lme4 .我安装没有任何问题 ggplot2我也需要的包。
无论是从 RStudio 图形界面还是从 R 命令行(在终端内)，我都会收到很多我无法解释的错误......
我在法国尝试过各种 repos，遇到同样的问题。请注意，这两个软件包安装在 Windows 10 操作系统上运行良好。
安装输出最终为:

ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘RcppEigen’
* removing ‘/home/thomas/R/x86_64-suse-linux-gnu-library/3.5/RcppEigen’
Warning in install.packages :
  installation of package ‘RcppEigen’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependency ‘latticeExtra’ is not available for package ‘Hmisc’
* removing ‘/home/thomas/R/x86_64-suse-linux-gnu-library/3.5/Hmisc’
Warning in install.packages :
  installation of package ‘Hmisc’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependencies ‘minqa’, ‘nloptr’, ‘statmod’, ‘RcppEigen’ are not available for package ‘lme4’
* removing ‘/home/thomas/R/x86_64-suse-linux-gnu-library/3.5/lme4’
Warning in install.packages :
  installation of package ‘lme4’ had non-zero exit status
ERROR: dependencies ‘lme4’, ‘Hmisc’ are not available for package ‘arm’
* removing ‘/home/thomas/R/x86_64-suse-linux-gnu-library/3.5/arm’
Warning in install.packages :
  installation of package ‘arm’ had non-zero exit status

The downloaded source packages are in
    ‘/tmp/Rtmp5c12rX/downloaded_packages’

我确实观察到有关 Eigen 内容的大量错误行，如下所示:

../inst/include/Eigen/src/Core/CoreEvaluators.h:665:8:   required from ‘struct Eigen::internal::evaluator<Eigen::CwiseBinaryOp<Eigen::internal::scalar_product_op<double, double>, const Eigen::Transpose<const Eigen::Block<const Eigen::Matrix<double, -1, -1>, 1, -1, false> >, const Eigen::Block<const Eigen::Transpose<const Eigen::Matrix<double, -1, -1> >, -1, 1, false> > >’
../inst/include/Eigen/src/Core/Redux.h:349:39:   required from ‘class Eigen::internal::redux_evaluator<Eigen::CwiseBinaryOp<Eigen::internal::scalar_product_op<double, double>, const Eigen::Transpose<const Eigen::Block<const Eigen::Matrix<double, -1, -1>, 1, -1, false> >, const Eigen::Block<const Eigen::Transpose<const Eigen::Matrix<double, -1, -1> >, -1, 1, false> > >’
../inst/include/Eigen/src/Core/Redux.h:416:17:   required from ‘typename Eigen::internal::traits<T>::Scalar Eigen::DenseBase<Derived>::redux(const Func&) const [with BinaryOp = Eigen::internal::scalar_sum_op<double, double>; Derived = Eigen::CwiseBinaryOp<Eigen::internal::scalar_product_op<double, double>, const Eigen::Transpose<const Eigen::Block<const Eigen::Matrix<double, -1, -1>, 1, -1, false> >, const Eigen::Block<const Eigen::Transpose<const Eigen::Matrix<double, -1, -1> >, -1, 1, false> >; typename Eigen::internal::traits<T>::Scalar = double]’

我找不到如何在文件中导出完整的安装输出，所以我不能在这里提供更多细节......
非常感谢您的帮助和建议!
托马斯
-- 编辑 --
要完成我的问题:

我在虚拟机上安装了一个 Ubuntu Focal Fossa (21)(通过 VirtualBox)并且安装包没有任何问题......

我尝试安装小依赖包minqa我得到以下输出:

我可以看到其他错误消息，例如 make: gfortran: command not found ，这可能有任何帮助......
-- 编辑 --
我设法导出 arm 的输出包安装尝试。请注意，这是从 R 版本 4.1.0 完成的，我也安装在我的 OpenSUSE 系统上(见评论):

thomas@localhost:~> sudo R

R version 4.1.0 (2021-05-18) -- "Camp Pontanezen"
Copyright (C) 2021 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
Platform: x86_64-suse-linux-gnu (64-bit)

R est un logiciel libre livré sans AUCUNE GARANTIE.
Vous pouvez le redistribuer sous certaines conditions.
Tapez 'license()' ou 'licence()' pour plus de détails.

R est un projet collaboratif avec de nombreux contributeurs.
Tapez 'contributors()' pour plus d'information et
'citation()' pour la façon de le citer dans les publications.

Tapez 'demo()' pour des démonstrations, 'help()' pour l'aide
en ligne ou 'help.start()' pour obtenir l'aide au format HTML.
Tapez 'q()' pour quitter R.

> install.packages(pkgs="arm", repos="http://cran.univ-lyon1.fr/")

installation des dépendances ‘jpeg’, ‘latticeExtra’, ‘lme4’, ‘Hmisc’

essai de l'URL 'http://cran.univ-lyon1.fr/src/contrib/jpeg_0.1-8.1.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 18116 bytes (17 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 17 KB

essai de l'URL 'http://cran.univ-lyon1.fr/src/contrib/latticeExtra_0.6-29.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 1292315 bytes (1.2 MB)
==================================================
downloaded 1.2 MB

essai de l'URL 'http://cran.univ-lyon1.fr/src/contrib/lme4_1.1-27.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 3302287 bytes (3.1 MB)
==================================================
downloaded 3.1 MB

essai de l'URL 'http://cran.univ-lyon1.fr/src/contrib/Hmisc_4.5-0.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 775444 bytes (757 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 757 KB

essai de l'URL 'http://cran.univ-lyon1.fr/src/contrib/arm_1.11-2.tar.gz'
Content type 'application/x-gzip' length 79464 bytes (77 KB)
==================================================
downloaded 77 KB

* installing *source* package ‘jpeg’ ...
** package ‘jpeg’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** using staged installation
** libs
gcc -I"/usr/lib64/R/include" -DNDEBUG   -I/usr/local/include   -fpic  -fmessage-length=0 -grecord-gcc-switches -O2 -Wall -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fstack-protector-strong -funwind-tables -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection  -c read.c -o read.o
In file included from read.c:1:0:
rjcommon.h:11:10: fatal error: jpeglib.h: Aucun fichier ou dossier de ce type
 #include <jpeglib.h>
          ^~~~~~~~~~~
compilation terminated.
make: *** [/usr/lib64/R/etc/Makeconf:168: read.o] Error 1
ERROR: compilation failed for package ‘jpeg’
* removing ‘/usr/lib64/R/library/jpeg’
* installing *source* package ‘lme4’ ...
** package ‘lme4’ successfully unpacked and MD5 sums checked
** using staged installation
** libs
g++ -std=gnu++14 -I"/usr/lib64/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/usr/lib64/R/library/Rcpp/include' -I'/usr/lib64/R/library/RcppEigen/include' -I/usr/local/include  -DNDEBUG -DEIGEN_DONT_VECTORIZE -fpic  -fmessage-length=0 -grecord-gcc-switches -O2 -Wall -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fstack-protector-strong -funwind-tables -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection  -c external.cpp -o external.o
g++ -std=gnu++14 -I"/usr/lib64/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/usr/lib64/R/library/Rcpp/include' -I'/usr/lib64/R/library/RcppEigen/include' -I/usr/local/include  -DNDEBUG -DEIGEN_DONT_VECTORIZE -fpic  -fmessage-length=0 -grecord-gcc-switches -O2 -Wall -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fstack-protector-strong -funwind-tables -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection  -c glmFamily.cpp -o glmFamily.o
g++ -std=gnu++14 -I"/usr/lib64/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/usr/lib64/R/library/Rcpp/include' -I'/usr/lib64/R/library/RcppEigen/include' -I/usr/local/include  -DNDEBUG -DEIGEN_DONT_VECTORIZE -fpic  -fmessage-length=0 -grecord-gcc-switches -O2 -Wall -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fstack-protector-strong -funwind-tables -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection  -c optimizer.cpp -o optimizer.o
g++ -std=gnu++14 -I"/usr/lib64/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/usr/lib64/R/library/Rcpp/include' -I'/usr/lib64/R/library/RcppEigen/include' -I/usr/local/include  -DNDEBUG -DEIGEN_DONT_VECTORIZE -fpic  -fmessage-length=0 -grecord-gcc-switches -O2 -Wall -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fstack-protector-strong -funwind-tables -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection  -c predModule.cpp -o predModule.o
g++ -std=gnu++14 -I"/usr/lib64/R/include" -DNDEBUG  -I'/usr/lib64/R/library/Rcpp/include' -I'/usr/lib64/R/library/RcppEigen/include' -I/usr/local/include  -DNDEBUG -DEIGEN_DONT_VECTORIZE -fpic  -fmessage-length=0 -grecord-gcc-switches -O2 -Wall -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fstack-protector-strong -funwind-tables -fasynchronous-unwind-tables -fstack-clash-protection  -c respModule.cpp -o respModule.o
Erreur : le package ‘Rcpp’ a été installé avant R 4.0.0 : veuillez le réinstaller, s'il-vous-plait
Exécution arrêtée
g++ -std=gnu++14 -shared -L/usr/lib64/R/lib -L/usr/local/lib64 -o lme4.so external.o glmFamily.o optimizer.o predModule.o respModule.o -L/usr/lib64/R/lib -lR
Erreur : le package ‘Rcpp’ a été installé avant R 4.0.0 : veuillez le réinstaller, s'il-vous-plait
Exécution arrêtée
installing to /usr/lib64/R/library/00LOCK-lme4/00new/lme4/libs
** R
** data
*** moving datasets to lazyload DB
** inst
** byte-compile and prepare package for lazy loading
Error: le chargement du package ou de l'espace de noms a échoué pour ‘Matrix’ :
le package ‘Matrix’ a été installé avant R 4.0.0 : veuillez le réinstaller, s'il-vous-plait
Erreur : le package ‘Matrix’ ne peut être chargé
Exécution arrêtée
ERROR: lazy loading failed for package ‘lme4’
* removing ‘/usr/lib64/R/library/lme4’
ERROR: dependency ‘jpeg’ is not available for package ‘latticeExtra’
* removing ‘/usr/lib64/R/library/latticeExtra’
ERROR: dependency ‘latticeExtra’ is not available for package ‘Hmisc’
* removing ‘/usr/lib64/R/library/Hmisc’
ERROR: dependencies ‘lme4’, ‘Hmisc’ are not available for package ‘arm’
* removing ‘/usr/lib64/R/library/arm’

The downloaded source packages are in
    ‘/tmp/Rtmpz1IryW/downloaded_packages’
Updating HTML index of packages in '.Library'
Making 'packages.html' ... done
Messages d'avis :
1: Dans install.packages(pkgs = "arm", repos = "http://cran.univ-lyon1.fr/") :
  installation of package ‘jpeg’ had non-zero exit status
2: Dans install.packages(pkgs = "arm", repos = "http://cran.univ-lyon1.fr/") :
  installation of package ‘lme4’ had non-zero exit status
3: Dans install.packages(pkgs = "arm", repos = "http://cran.univ-lyon1.fr/") :
  installation of package ‘latticeExtra’ had non-zero exit status
4: Dans install.packages(pkgs = "arm", repos = "http://cran.univ-lyon1.fr/") :
  installation of package ‘Hmisc’ had non-zero exit status
5: Dans install.packages(pkgs = "arm", repos = "http://cran.univ-lyon1.fr/") :
  installation of package ‘arm’ had non-zero exit status

Answer 1

根据我的经验，Unix 上的这些错误通常源于缺少外部库。例如，安装 R xml2包需要 libxml2-dev通过系统包管理器(即在 R 之外)安装，否则安装将失败。
我看不懂法语，但在我看来好像依赖项 jpeg失败，由于缺少外部 jpeg 库，然后所有内容从那里级联。你可以尝试安装一些版本的 libjpeg图书馆。我知道它预装在 Ubuntu 中，这可能是它对你有用的原因。我有点惊讶它没有安装在 OpenSUSE 中，但我没有使用 OpenSUSE 的经验。