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gradle - 类路径包含多个 SLF4J 绑定(bind)错误

转载 作者：行者123 更新时间：2023-12-03 23:39:33 26 4
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尝试运行 gradle build 时出现此错误

我理解它是版本冲突，但不知道如何解决它以及哪个

要排除的版本...

gradle依赖树是:

SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/C:/Users/i/.gradle/caches/modules-
2/files-2.1/org.slf4j/slf4j- 
log4j12/1.6.1/bd245d6746cdd4e6203e976e21d597a46f115802/slf4j-log4j12-
1.6.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in   
[jar:file:/C:/Users/i/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-
2.1/ch.qos.logback/logback- 
classic/1.1.3/d90276fff414f06cb375f2057f6778cd63c6082f/logback-classic-
1.1.3.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]

SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an    
explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]
SLF4J: Detected both log4j-over-slf4j.jar AND slf4j-log4j12.jar on the class    
path, preempting StackOverflowError. 


 compile - Compile classpath for source set 'main'.
 +--- com.google.code.gson:gson:2.2.4
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.6.0
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:2.6.0
 |    +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:2.6.0
 |    \--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.6.0
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:2.6.0
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-yaml:2.6.0
 |    +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.6.0
 |    \--- org.yaml:snakeyaml:1.15
 +--- org.projectlombok:lombok:1.16.10
 +--- javax.validation:validation-api:1.1.0.Final
 +--- org.apache.commons:commons-lang3:3.4
 +--- org.apache.zookeeper:zookeeper:3.4.5
 |    +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.6.1 -> 1.7.21
 |    +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-log4j12:1.6.1
 |    |    +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.6.1 -> 1.7.21
 |    |    \--- log4j:log4j:1.2.16
 |    +--- log4j:log4j:1.2.15 -> 1.2.16
 |    +--- jline:jline:0.9.94
 |    |    \--- junit:junit:3.8.1
 |    \--- org.jboss.netty:netty:3.2.2.Final
 +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:4.4.5 -> 4.4.6
 +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.5.3
 |    +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:4.4.6
 |    +--- commons-logging:commons-logging:1.2
 |    \--- commons-codec:commons-codec:1.9
 +--- commons-io:commons-io:2.5
 +--- org.jdom:jdom2:2.0.5
 \--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.21

 default - Configuration for default artifacts.
 +--- com.google.code.gson:gson:2.2.4
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.6.0
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:2.6.0
 |    +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:2.6.0
 |    \--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.6.0
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:2.6.0
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-yaml:2.6.0
 |    +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.6.0
 |    \--- org.yaml:snakeyaml:1.15
 +--- org.projectlombok:lombok:1.16.10
 +--- javax.validation:validation-api:1.1.0.Final
 +--- org.apache.commons:commons-lang3:3.4
 +--- org.apache.zookeeper:zookeeper:3.4.5
 |    +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.6.1 -> 1.7.21
 |    +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-log4j12:1.6.1
 |    |    +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.6.1 -> 1.7.21
 |    |    \--- log4j:log4j:1.2.16
 |    +--- log4j:log4j:1.2.15 -> 1.2.16
 |    +--- jline:jline:0.9.94
 |    |    \--- junit:junit:3.8.1
 |    \--- org.jboss.netty:netty:3.2.2.Final
 +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:4.4.5 -> 4.4.6
 +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.5.3
 |    +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:4.4.6
 |    +--- commons-logging:commons-logging:1.2
 |    \--- commons-codec:commons-codec:1.9
 +--- commons-io:commons-io:2.5
 +--- org.jdom:jdom2:2.0.5
 \--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.21

 runtime - Runtime classpath for source set 'main'.
 +--- com.google.code.gson:gson:2.2.4
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.6.0
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:2.6.0
 |    +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:2.6.0
 |    \--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.6.0
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:2.6.0
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-yaml:2.6.0
 |    +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.6.0
 |    \--- org.yaml:snakeyaml:1.15
 +--- org.projectlombok:lombok:1.16.10
 +--- javax.validation:validation-api:1.1.0.Final
 +--- org.apache.commons:commons-lang3:3.4
 +--- org.apache.zookeeper:zookeeper:3.4.5
 |    +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.6.1 -> 1.7.21
 |    +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-log4j12:1.6.1
 |    |    +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.6.1 -> 1.7.21
 |    |    \--- log4j:log4j:1.2.16
 |    +--- log4j:log4j:1.2.15 -> 1.2.16
 |    +--- jline:jline:0.9.94
 |    |    \--- junit:junit:3.8.1
 |    \--- org.jboss.netty:netty:3.2.2.Final
 +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:4.4.5 -> 4.4.6
 +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.5.3
 |    +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:4.4.6
 |    +--- commons-logging:commons-logging:1.2
 |    \--- commons-codec:commons-codec:1.9
 +--- commons-io:commons-io:2.5
 +--- org.jdom:jdom2:2.0.5
 \--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.21

 testCompile - Compile classpath for source set 'test'.
 +--- com.google.code.gson:gson:2.2.4
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.6.0
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:2.6.0
 |    +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:2.6.0
 |    \--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.6.0
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:2.6.0
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-yaml:2.6.0
 |    +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.6.0
 |    \--- org.yaml:snakeyaml:1.15
 +--- org.projectlombok:lombok:1.16.10
 +--- javax.validation:validation-api:1.1.0.Final
 +--- org.apache.commons:commons-lang3:3.4
 +--- org.apache.zookeeper:zookeeper:3.4.5
 |    +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.6.1 -> 1.7.21
 |    +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-log4j12:1.6.1
 |    |    +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.6.1 -> 1.7.21
 |    |    \--- log4j:log4j:1.2.16
 |    +--- log4j:log4j:1.2.15 -> 1.2.16
 |    +--- jline:jline:0.9.94
 |    |    \--- junit:junit:3.8.1 -> 4.11
 |    |         \--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.3
 |    \--- org.jboss.netty:netty:3.2.2.Final
 +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:4.4.5 -> 4.4.6
 +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.5.3
 |    +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:4.4.6
 |    +--- commons-logging:commons-logging:1.2
 |    \--- commons-codec:commons-codec:1.9
 +--- commons-io:commons-io:2.5
 +--- org.jdom:jdom2:2.0.5
 +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.21
 \--- junit:junit:4.11 (*)

 testRuntime - Runtime classpath for source set 'test'.
 +--- com.google.code.gson:gson:2.2.4
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.6.0
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind:2.6.0
 |    +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:2.6.0
 |    \--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.6.0
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-annotations:2.6.0
 +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-yaml:2.6.0
 |    +--- com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-core:2.6.0
 |    \--- org.yaml:snakeyaml:1.15
 +--- org.projectlombok:lombok:1.16.10
 +--- javax.validation:validation-api:1.1.0.Final
 +--- org.apache.commons:commons-lang3:3.4
 +--- org.apache.zookeeper:zookeeper:3.4.5
 |    +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.6.1 -> 1.7.21
 |    +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-log4j12:1.6.1
 |    |    +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.6.1 -> 1.7.21
 |    |    \--- log4j:log4j:1.2.16
 |    +--- log4j:log4j:1.2.15 -> 1.2.16
 |    +--- jline:jline:0.9.94
 |    |    \--- junit:junit:3.8.1 -> 4.11
 |    |         \--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.3
 |    \--- org.jboss.netty:netty:3.2.2.Final
 +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:4.4.5 -> 4.4.6
 +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpclient:4.5.3
 |    +--- org.apache.httpcomponents:httpcore:4.4.6
 |    +--- commons-logging:commons-logging:1.2
 |    \--- commons-codec:commons-codec:1.9
 +--- commons-io:commons-io:2.5
 +--- org.jdom:jdom2:2.0.5
 +--- org.slf4j:slf4j-api:1.7.21
 \--- junit:junit:4.11 (*)

但我什至不知道如何阅读它......

你能帮忙吗？

最佳答案

首先，SLF4J是一个简单的门面适用于各种日志框架(例如 java.util.logging、logback、log4j)，允许最终用户在部署时插入所需的日志框架。

用简单的话来说是什么意思？

当您使用 SLF4J 时，您的代码将依赖于 SLF4J (SLF4J-API) 提供的一个通用日志接口(interface)，另一方面，您将选择的日志框架插入 SLF4J，这将允许您轻松切换不同的日志框架。

因此，您在使用 SLF4J 外观时在代码中使用的所有日志记录调用都将委托(delegate)给底层日志记录框架。

从图中可以看出，您的应用程序使用一个通用 API 接口(interface) SLF4J API每次使用不同的日志框架。

enter image description here

现在，让我们看看你的 Gradle 输出:

SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/C:/Users/i/.gradle/caches/modules-
2/files-2.1/org.slf4j/slf4j- 
log4j12/1.6.1/bd245d6746cdd4e6203e976e21d597a46f115802/slf4j-log4j12-
1.6.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in   
[jar:file:/C:/Users/i/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-
2.1/ch.qos.logback/logback- 
classic/1.1.3/d90276fff414f06cb375f2057f6778cd63c6082f/logback-classic-
1.1.3.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]

SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an    
explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Log4jLoggerFactory]
SLF4J: Detected both log4j-over-slf4j.jar AND slf4j-log4j12.jar on the class    
path, preempting StackOverflowError.

这是两种不同的 SLF4J 日志框架绑定(bind)的情况，第一个是 org.slf4j/slf4j-log4j12 这是 LOG4J logging framework绑定(bind)，第二个是 ch.qos.logback/logback-经典 这是 Logback logging framework ，SLFJ API 的 native 实现。

因此，为了解决您的问题，您需要 排除 其中之一来自您的类路径。

具体来说，有问题的工件是 org.apache.zookeeper:zookeeper:3.4.5所以让我们排除其中一个日志框架: 
dependencies {
    compile('org.apache.zookeeper:zookeeper:3.4.5') {
        exclude group: 'ch.qos.logback', module: 'logback-classic'
    }
    //...
}

引用: SLF4J manual

关于gradle - 类路径包含多个 SLF4J 绑定(bind)错误，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/42348755/

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