powershell - 通过正则表达式从行中提取特定的多个字符串

Question

我一直在尝试使用 PowerShell 从 .txt 文件内的多行中提取某些值。我有一个包含所有备份的巨大文件，并试图提取所有这些行。

文本文件:

Backup-ID:           hostname01
Policy:              VM_weekly
Primary Copy:        23
Expires:             1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM
Type:                4


Copy Number:        2
Fragment Size (KB): 6188832
Expires:            1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM
MediaID:            XXX122
TestID:             1222
Block:              33


Copy Number:        3
Fragment Size (KB): 6188832
Expires:            1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM
MediaID:            XXX134
TestID:             223
Block:              22
Duplicate:          N



Backup-ID:           hostname02
Policy:              VM_weekly2
Primary Copy:        24
Expires:             1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM
Type:                2


Copy Number:        2
Fragment Size (KB): 6188832
Expires:            1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM
MediaID:            XXX244
Comp:               BBB
Block:              45
Duplicate:          N


Copy Number:        3
Fragment Size (KB): 6188832
Expires:            1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM
MediaID:            XXX199
Comp:               AA
Block:              334

Copy Number:        4
Fragment Size (KB): 6188832
Expires:            1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM
MediaID:            XXX177

到目前为止我有代码:

Get-Content C:\test.txt | Select-String -Pattern 'Backup-ID: ' ,'Policy: ' ,'Primary Copy: ' ,'Expires:  ' ,'Copy Number: ' , 'Fragment Size ' ,'Expires: ' , 'MediaID:'

这就是我想要的:

hostname01,VM_weekly,23,6188832,1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM,XXX122,3,6188832,1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM,XXX134
hostname02,VM_weekly2,24,1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM,2,6188832,1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM,XXX244,3,6188832,1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM,XXX199,4,6188832,1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM,XXX177

Answer 1

这是我的老式方法:

$line = ''
Get-Content C:\test.txt | 
    Select-String -Pattern 'Backup-ID: ' ,'Policy: ' ,'Primary Copy: ' ,'Expires:  ' ,'Copy Number: ' , 'Fragment Size ' ,'Expires: ' , 'MediaID:' |
        ForEach-Object {
            $aux = $_  -split ':',2            # only 2 substrings
            if ($aux[0] -eq 'Backup-ID') {
                if ( $line -ne '' ) { $line }  # Write-Output (current line)
                $line = $aux[1].Trim()
            } else {
                $line += ',' + $aux[1].Trim()
            }
        }
        $line                                   # Write-Output (last line)

输出:

D:\PShell\SO\54921319.ps1

hostname01,VM_weekly,23,1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM,2,6188832,1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM,XXX122,3,6188832,1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM,XXX134
hostname02,VM_weekly2,24,1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM,2,6188832,1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM,XXX244,3,6188832,1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM,XXX199,4,6188832,1/5/2024 3:19:13 AM,XXX177

编辑:…我需要导出 CSV 文件…。

$xArr = D:\PShell\SO\54921319.ps1
$xCsv = $xArr |  ConvertFrom-Csv -Header $(1..30|%{"a$_"})
$xcsv | Export-Csv -NoTypeInformation -Path c:\temp\result.csv

当然，你可以计算

• -Header $(1..30|%{"a$_"}) 的实际上限，而不是估计 30例如为 ($xArr | % {$_.Split(',').Count}|Measure-Object -Maximum).Maximum,
• 甚至计算一些人类可读 header (考虑到给定Backup-ID内每个Copy Number的一些属性的重复名称)