jquery - Django - CreateView 不保存带有嵌套表单集的表单

Question

我正在尝试采用一种使用 Django-Crispy-Forms 布局功能保存带有主表单的嵌套表单集的方法，但我无法保存它。我正在关注this代码示例项目，但无法验证表单集以保存数据。如果有人能指出我的错误，我将非常感激。我还需要在 EmployeeForm 的同一 View 中添加三个内联。我尝试了 Django-Extra-Views 但无法使其工作。如果您建议为同一 View 添加多个内联(例如大约 5 个)，我将不胜感激。我只想实现一个用于创建 Employee 及其内联的页面，例如 Education、Experience、Others。下面是代码:

型号:

class Employee(models.Model):
    user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='employees',
                                null=True, blank=True)
    about = models.TextField()
    street = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    city = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    country = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    cell_phone = models.PositiveIntegerField()
    landline = models.PositiveIntegerField()

    def __str__(self):
        return '{} {}'.format(self.id, self.user)

    def get_absolute_url(self):
        return reverse('bars:create', kwargs={'pk':self.pk})

class Education(models.Model):
    employee = models.ForeignKey('Employee', on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='education')
    course_title = models.CharField(max_length=100, null=True, blank=True)
    institute_name = models.CharField(max_length=200, null=True, blank=True)
    start_year = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)
    end_year = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)

    def __str__(self):
        return '{} {}'.format(self.employee, self.course_title)

查看:

class EmployeeCreateView(CreateView):
    model = Employee
    template_name = 'bars/crt.html'
    form_class = EmployeeForm
    success_url = None

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        data = super(EmployeeCreateView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
        if self.request.POST:
            data['education'] = EducationFormset(self.request.POST)
        else:
            data['education'] = EducationFormset()
        print('This is context data {}'.format(data))
        return data


    def form_valid(self, form):
        context = self.get_context_data()
        education = context['education']
        print('This is Education {}'.format(education))
        with transaction.atomic():
            form.instance.employee.user = self.request.user
            self.object = form.save()
            if education.is_valid():
                education.save(commit=False)
                education.instance = self.object
                education.save()

        return super(EmployeeCreateView, self).form_valid(form)

    def get_success_url(self):
        return reverse_lazy('bars:detail', kwargs={'pk':self.object.pk})

表格:

class EducationForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Education
        exclude = ()
EducationFormset =inlineformset_factory(
    Employee, Education, form=EducationForm,
    fields=['course_title', 'institute_name'], extra=1,can_delete=True
    )

class EmployeeForm(forms.ModelForm):

    class Meta:
        model = Employee
        exclude = ('user', 'role')

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super(EmployeeForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
        self.helper = FormHelper()
        self.helper.form_tag = True
        self.helper.form_class = 'form-horizontal'
        self.helper.label_class = 'col-md-3 create-label'
        self.helper.field_class = 'col-md-9'
        self.helper.layout = Layout(
            Div(
                Field('about'),
                Field('street'),
                Field('city'),
                Field('cell_phone'),
                Field('landline'),
                Fieldset('Add Education',
                    Formset('education')),
                HTML("<br>"),
                ButtonHolder(Submit('submit', 'save')),
                )
            )

自定义布局对象示例:

from crispy_forms.layout import LayoutObject, TEMPLATE_PACK
from django.shortcuts import render
from django.template.loader import render_to_string

class Formset(LayoutObject):
    template = "bars/formset.html"

    def __init__(self, formset_name_in_context, template=None):
        self.formset_name_in_context = formset_name_in_context
        self.fields = []
        if template:
            self.template = template

    def render(self, form, form_style, context, template_pack=TEMPLATE_PACK):
        formset = context[self.formset_name_in_context]
        return render_to_string(self.template, {'formset': formset})

表单集.html:

{% load static %}
{% load crispy_forms_tags %}
{% load staticfiles %}

<table>
{{ formset.management_form|crispy }}

    {% for form in formset.forms %}
            <tr class="{% cycle 'row1' 'row2' %} formset_row-{{ formset.prefix }}">
                {% for field in form.visible_fields %}
                <td>
                    {# Include the hidden fields in the form #}
                    {% if forloop.first %}
                        {% for hidden in form.hidden_fields %}
                            {{ hidden }}
                        {% endfor %}
                    {% endif %}
                    {{ field.errors.as_ul }}
                    {{ field|as_crispy_field }}
                </td>
                {% endfor %}
            </tr>
    {% endfor %}

</table>
<br>
<script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.3/jquery.min.js">
</script>
<script src="{% static 'js/jquery.formset.js' %}">
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
    $('.formset_row-{{ formset.prefix }}').formset({
        addText: 'add another',
        deleteText: 'remove',
        prefix: '{{ formset.prefix }}',
    });
</script>

终端和/或其他方面没有错误。非常感谢您的帮助。

Answer 1

您当前没有在 CreateView 中正确处理表单集。该 View 中的 form_valid 将仅处理父表单，而不处理表单集。您应该做的是重写 post 方法，并且需要验证表单以及附加到它的任何表单集:

def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
    form = self.get_form()
    # Add as many formsets here as you want
    education_formset = EducationFormset(request.POST)
    # Now validate both the form and any formsets
    if form.is_valid() and education_formset.is_valid():
        # Note - we are passing the education_formset to form_valid. If you had more formsets
        # you would pass these as well.
        return self.form_valid(form, education_formset)
    else:
        return self.form_invalid(form)

然后你像这样修改form_valid:

def form_valid(self, form, education_formset):
    with transaction.atomic():
        form.instance.employee.user = self.request.user
        self.object = form.save()
        # Now we process the education formset
        educations = education_formset.save(commit=False)
        for education in educations:
            education.instance = self.object
            education.save()
        # If you had more formsets, you would accept additional arguments and
        # process them as with the one above.
    # Don't call the super() method here - you will end up saving the form twice. Instead handle the redirect yourself.
    return HttpResponseRedirect(self.get_success_url())

您当前使用的 get_context_data() 方式不正确 - 完全删除该方法。它只能用于获取用于渲染模板的上下文数据。您不应该从 form_valid() 方法中调用它。相反，您需要将表单集从 post() 方法传递给此方法，如上所述。

我在上面的示例代码中留下了一些额外的注释，希望能帮助您解决这个问题。