c# - .Net Core 3 Serilog 的依赖注入(inject)

Question

我正在做一个使用 Serilog 的 Windows 服务

这对 worker 来说很好:

public class Worker: BackgroundService
{
    private readonly ILogger<Worker> _logger;

    private readonly IConfiguration _configuration;
    private readonly string _connectionString;
    private bool _serviceIsStarting = true;

    public Worker(ILogger<Worker> logger, IConfiguration iConfig)
    {
        _logger = logger;
        _configuration = iConfig;
        _connectionString = _configuration.GetConnectionString("DestinationDatabase");
    }

    //....

}

我的 Program.cs 包含以下内容:

public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args)
{
    return Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
        .UseWindowsService()
        .UseSerilog((hostingContext, loggerConfiguration) => loggerConfiguration
            .ReadFrom.Configuration(hostingContext.Configuration))
        .ConfigureServices((hostContext, services) =>
        {
            services.AddHostedService<Worker>();
        });
}

一切都很好，但是我想向 Worker 实例使用的自定义类注入(inject)一个记录器:

public class DataAccess
{
    private readonly string _connectionString;

    private readonly ILogger<DataAccess> _logger;

    public DataAccess(ILogger<DataAccess> logger, string connectionString)
    {
        _connectionString = connectionString;
        _logger = logger;
    }

    //.....
}

我的问题是我不知道如何在 worker 中实例化我的类 DataAccess 或这里的依赖注入(inject)。

这是我类(class)的[简化]版本:

using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Dapper;

public class DataAccess
{
    private readonly string _connectionString;
    private readonly ILogger<DataAccess> _logger;

    public DataAccess(ILogger<DataAccess> logger, string connectionString)
    {
        _logger = logger;
        _connectionString = connectionString;
    }
    public void SaveInspection(InspectionElm inspection)
    {
        using IDbConnection connection = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection(_connectionString);
        connection.Open();

        var p = new DynamicParameters();
        p.Add("@RodNumber", inspection.RodNumber);
            p.Add("@InspectionDate", Convert.ToDateTime(inspection.InspectionDate));
            p.Add("@MeasurementEnd", Convert.ToDateTime(inspection.MeasurementEnd));
            p.Add("@InspectionResultPass", Convert.ToBoolean(inspection.InspectionResultPass));;

        connection.Execute("InsertTindasjaMasterRecord", p, commandType: CommandType.StoredProcedure);

        _logger.LogInformation("Log something...");
    }

    public void InitMesureResultTypes()
    {
        using IDbConnection connection = new System.Data.SqlClient.SqlConnection(_connectionString);
        connection.Open();
        connection.Execute("InitMeasureResultType", null, commandType: CommandType.StoredProcedure);

        _logger.LogInformation("Log something...");
    }
}

Answer 1

我的问题是完全混淆了依赖倒置的一般原则，并且理解我需要摆脱这样的代码:

var db = new DataAccess(_connectionString);

所以我终于意识到要让它正常工作需要做的是:

程序.cs:

public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args)
    {
        return Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
            .UseWindowsService()
            .UseServiceProviderFactory(new AutofacServiceProviderFactory())
            .UseSerilog((hostingContext, loggerConfiguration) => loggerConfiguration
                .ReadFrom.Configuration(hostingContext.Configuration))
            .ConfigureServices((hostContext, services) =>
            {
                services.AddHostedService<Worker>();
                services.AddScoped<IDataAccess, DataAccess>();        
            });
    }

worker .cs:

public Worker(ILogger<Worker> logger, IConfiguration iConfig, IDataAccess dataAccess)
    {
        _logger = logger;
        _configuration = iConfig;
        _dataAccess = dataAccess;
    }

数据访问.cs:

public class DataAccess: IDataAccess
{
    private readonly string _connectionString;
    private readonly ILogger<DataAccess> _logger;

    public DataAccess(ILogger<DataAccess> logger, IConfiguration iConfig)
    {
        _connectionString = iConfig.GetConnectionString("DestinationDatabase");
        _logger = logger;
    }
}

现在一切都很完美，我唯一需要研究的是在 .ConfigureServices 中使用哪种方法是正确的:

services.AddScoped<IDataAccess , DataAccess>();

或者

services.AddTransient<IDataAccess , DataAccess>();

或者

services.AddSingleton<IDataAccess , DataAccess>(); 

至少我现在知道 AddScoped() 可以正常工作。