javascript - 了解 while 循环

Question

我是 Javascript 的新手，我正在尝试绕过 while 循环。我了解它们的目的，我想我了解它们的工作原理，但我在使用它们时遇到了麻烦。

我希望 while 值自身重复，直到两个随机数相互匹配。目前，while 循环只运行一次，如果我想让它自己重复，我需要再次运行它。

如何设置此循环，使其自动重复 if 语句，直到 diceRollValue === compGuess？谢谢。

diceRollValue = Math.floor(Math.random()*7);
compGuess = Math.floor(Math.random()*7);
whileValue = true;

while (whileValue) {
    if (diceRollValue === compGuess) {
        console.log("Computer got it right!")
        whileValue = false;
    }
    else {
        console.log("Wrong. Value was "+diceRollValue);
        whileValue = false;
    }
}

Answer 1

那是因为您只是在 while 之外执行随机数生成器。如果您想要两个新数字，则需要在 while 语句中 执行它们。类似于以下内容:

var diceRollValue = Math.floor(Math.random() * 7),
    compGuess = Math.floor(Math.random() * 7),
    whileValue = true;
while (whileValue){
  if (diceRollValue == compGuess){
    console.log('Computer got it right!');
    whileValue = false; // exit while
  } else {
    console.log('Wrong. Value was ' + diceRollValue);
    diceRollValue = Math.floor(Math.random() * 7); // Grab new number
    //whileValue = true; // no need for this; as long as it's true
                         // we're still within the while statement
  }
}

如果你想重构它，你也可以使用 break 来退出循环(而不是使用变量):

var diceRollValue = Math.floor(Math.random() * 7),
    compGuess = Math.floor(Math.random() * 7);
while (true){
  if (diceRollValue == compGuess){
    // breaking now prevents the code below from executing
    // which is why the "success" message can reside outside of the loop.
    break;
  }
  compGuess = Math.floor(Math.random() * 7);
  console.log('Wrong. Value was ' + diceRollValue);
}
console.log('Computer got it right!');