用于在文件中剪切/粘贴字符串的 awk 脚本

Question

我得到了一个这样格式的文件:(每个空格 = 制表符分隔符)

NB551027:767:H73JMAFX2:1:11101:5356:1093:AATGT+GTGTA blabla LASTTAG

我想剪切/粘贴行尾的 :AATGT+GTGTA 部分，并使用制表符分隔符来获取

NB551027:767:H73JMAFX2:1:11101:5356:1093 blabla LASTTAG RX:Z:AATGT+GTGTA

重要精度:我希望第一个实例的最后一个 ':' 之后的最后一个字符串被复制粘贴，(包括 ':')，而不管字符串的大小(它可以是 AAAA 或 AAAA+GGGG 等)。 )
我使用了以下 awk 脚本:

awk '/^@/ {print;next} {N=split($1,n,":"); print $0 "\tRX:Z:" n[N] ; sub("[:]"n[N],"") ; print $0}'

我的问题是原来的行仍然存在，所以我得到了这个结果

NB551027:767:H73JMAFX2:1:11101:5356:1093:AATGT+GTGTA blabla LASTTAG
NB551027:767:H73JMAFX2:1:11101:5356:1093 blabla LASTTAG RX:Z:AATGT+GTGTA

基本上我不知道如何使用 awk 在新文件中重定向结果(或覆盖原始文件)。 bash 脚本对我来说也是一个很好的解决方案。谢谢你的帮助
编辑:忘记提及我必须排除以 @ 开头的行:脚本不应应用于那些行。 (这是NGS数据的bam文件，标题行不应更改)
该文件看起来像这样

@SQ     SN:chrY LN:59373566
@RG     ID:1    PL:ILLUMINA     PU:PU   LB:001  SM:TeCoriell
@PG     ID:MarkDuplicates       VN:2.23.7       CL:MarkDuplicates BARCODE_TAG=RX DUPLEX_UMI=true INPUT=[TeCoriell.bwamem.bam OUTPUT=/TeCoriell/TeCoriell.bwamem.compress.recalibration.realignment.bam METRICS_FILE=/TeCoriell/TeCoriell.bwamem.bam PN:MarkDuplicates
@PG     ID:bwa  PN:bwa  VN:0.7.17-r1188 CL:/tools/bwa/current/bin/bwa mem -C -M -t 4 -R @RG\tID:1\tPL:ILLUMINA\tPU:PU\tLB:001\tSM:TeCoriell TeCoriell.R1.fastq.gz TeCoriell.R2.fastq.gz
@PG     ID:samtools     PN:samtools     PP:bwa  VN:1.11 
@PG     ID:samtools.1   PN:samtools     PP:samtools     VN:1.11
@PG     ID:GATK PrintReads      VN:3.8-1-0-gf15c1c3ef   CL:readGroup=null platform=null number=-1 sample_file=[] sample_name=[] simplify=false no_pg_tag=false
@PG     ID:samtools.2   PN:samtools     PP:samtools.1   VN:1.11 CL:samtools sort -o TeCoriell.bwamem.bam -l 5 -T TeCoriell.bwamem.compress.bam.SAMTOOLS_PREFIX -@ 4 TeCoriell.bwamem.compress.bam
@PG     ID:samtools.3   PN:samtools     PP:samtools.2   VN:1.11 CL:samtools view -h TeCoriell.bwamem.bam
NB551027:724:HTWHHAFXY:3:21602:20054:7507:CACTC-CCGTC   371     chr1    10257   0       2H48M59H        chr7    128036692       0       ACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCCATCCCCACCCCCA        AEEF>86/>G)-,F><)C;
>/G7D,FF28<.1FFGDAF>F@BEECA4>   SA:Z:chr7,128036692,+,76M33S,60,0;      BC:Z:TGCCACCA+GAGCAGCC  MC:Z:76M33H     BD:Z:MJOMLMMJNMLLLJOMLMMIOMLMMIOMLLMJJMOOMJJMNNKKJMMM   MD:Z:36A5A5     PG:Z:MarkDuplicates     RG:
Z:1     BI:Z:RNQRQRRNQRQRRNQRQRRNQRQRRNQRQRRNNQSSQNNQQRNNNQQQ   NM:i:2  OQ:Z:EEEEE<</AE///EA</EAA/EAE/EE6AA//EEEEEEAEAEEEEE/E   AS:i:38 XS:i:38
NB551027:724:HTWHHAFXY:2:11110:2230:8695:AGTCT-AAAGT    163     chr1    15596   0       113M    =       15596   113     CAGGAAGGAGCCATAGCCCAGGCAGGAGGGCTGAGGACCTCTGGTGGCGGCCCAGGGCTTCCAGCATGTGCCCTAGGGGAAGCAGGGGCCA
GCTGGCAAGAGCAGGGGGTGGG  =>BB?@F>AGCBAB>GCBCBGFDBGFAGFFDEGAG>@DCEFEFEBGECAECBBAFEECDCEBA@CABFAFCB8D>FEEE@A@CA@DE?BA9E2CE>B@:E??B@?>CDD;DC/       BC:Z:TGGCACCA+GAGCAGCA  MC:Z:113M       BD:Z:MMOONPOOMONKLNLLMJILNN
JMNNLNNIKMMNNNLMLLLLLMLLLJLJJJILNNJKNMLMMONMNOLMLJJMLMOJJMOMNNOOJJKKMONNLMKNNNOONNNOJJJMMMJ     MD:Z:113        PG:Z:MarkDuplicates     RG:Z:1  BI:Z:QQRQQQSQQRSPPSQRSPLPRQQSRQQRQNQSSRRQQRQSQRSQRQQQRMQPLPRQNQSRQT
PRSSSSQQSPLSRRQNNQQSSSRQNNQPPRSSSQQSQSRRSSRQNNNRQQN     NM:i:0  OQ:Z:EEEEEEEAEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEAEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEAEEEEEEEE<EEEEEEEEAEEAEEAEEAE6EEAEEAEEAEEAAEEEAEE/  AS:i:113        XS:i:113

我应该得到这个结果

@SQ     SN:chrY LN:59373566
@RG     ID:1    PL:ILLUMINA     PU:PU   LB:001  SM:TeCoriell
@PG     ID:MarkDuplicates       VN:2.23.7       CL:MarkDuplicates BARCODE_TAG=RX DUPLEX_UMI=true INPUT=[TeCoriell.bwamem.bam OUTPUT=/TeCoriell/TeCoriell.bwamem.compress.recalibration.realignment.bam METRICS_FILE=/TeCoriell/TeCoriell.bwamem.bam PN:MarkDuplicates
@PG     ID:bwa  PN:bwa  VN:0.7.17-r1188 CL:/tools/bwa/current/bin/bwa mem -C -M -t 4 -R @RG\tID:1\tPL:ILLUMINA\tPU:PU\tLB:001\tSM:TeCoriell TeCoriell.R1.fastq.gz TeCoriell.R2.fastq.gz
@PG     ID:samtools     PN:samtools     PP:bwa  VN:1.11 
@PG     ID:samtools.1   PN:samtools     PP:samtools     VN:1.11
@PG     ID:GATK PrintReads      VN:3.8-1-0-gf15c1c3ef   CL:readGroup=null platform=null number=-1 sample_file=[] sample_name=[] simplify=false no_pg_tag=false
@PG     ID:samtools.2   PN:samtools     PP:samtools.1   VN:1.11 CL:samtools sort -o TeCoriell.bwamem.bam -l 5 -T TeCoriell.bwamem.compress.bam.SAMTOOLS_PREFIX -@ 4 TeCoriell.bwamem.compress.bam
@PG     ID:samtools.3   PN:samtools     PP:samtools.2   VN:1.11 CL:samtools view -h TeCoriell.bwamem.bam
NB551027:724:HTWHHAFXY:3:21602:20054:7507   371     chr1    10257   0       2H48M59H        chr7    128036692       0       ACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCTAACCCCATCCCCACCCCCA        AEEF>86/>G)-,F><)C;
>/G7D,FF28<.1FFGDAF>F@BEECA4>   SA:Z:chr7,128036692,+,76M33S,60,0;      BC:Z:TGCCACCA+GAGCAGCC  MC:Z:76M33H     BD:Z:MJOMLMMJNMLLLJOMLMMIOMLMMIOMLLMJJMOOMJJMNNKKJMMM   MD:Z:36A5A5     PG:Z:MarkDuplicates     RG:
Z:1     BI:Z:RNQRQRRNQRQRRNQRQRRNQRQRRNQRQRRNNQSSQNNQQRNNNQQQ   NM:i:2  OQ:Z:EEEEE<</AE///EA</EAA/EAE/EE6AA//EEEEEEAEAEEEEE/E   AS:i:38 XS:i:38 RX:Z:CACTC-CCGTC
NB551027:724:HTWHHAFXY:2:11110:2230:8695    163     chr1    15596   0       113M    =       15596   113     CAGGAAGGAGCCATAGCCCAGGCAGGAGGGCTGAGGACCTCTGGTGGCGGCCCAGGGCTTCCAGCATGTGCCCTAGGGGAAGCAGGGGCCA
GCTGGCAAGAGCAGGGGGTGGG  =>BB?@F>AGCBAB>GCBCBGFDBGFAGFFDEGAG>@DCEFEFEBGECAECBBAFEECDCEBA@CABFAFCB8D>FEEE@A@CA@DE?BA9E2CE>B@:E??B@?>CDD;DC/       BC:Z:TGGCACCA+GAGCAGCA  MC:Z:113M       BD:Z:MMOONPOOMONKLNLLMJILNN
JMNNLNNIKMMNNNLMLLLLLMLLLJLJJJILNNJKNMLMMONMNOLMLJJMLMOJJMOMNNOOJJKKMONNLMKNNNOONNNOJJJMMMJ     MD:Z:113        PG:Z:MarkDuplicates     RG:Z:1  BI:Z:QQRQQQSQQRSPPSQRSPLPRQQSRQQRQNQSSRRQQRQSQRSQRQQQRMQPLPRQNQSRQT
PRSSSSQQSPLSRRQNNQQSSSRQNNQPPRSSSQQSQSRRSSRQNNNRQQN     NM:i:0  OQ:Z:EEEEEEEAEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEAEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEAEEEEEEEE<EEEEEEEEAEEAEEAEEAE6EEAEEAEEAEEAAEEEAEE/  AS:i:113        XS:i:113 RX:Z:AGTCT-AAAGT

Answer 1

$ awk '{x=$1; sub(/.*:/,"",x); sub(/:[^:\t]*\t/,"\t"); print $0 "\tRX:Z:" x}' file
NB551027:767:H73JMAFX2:1:11101:5356:1093        blabla  LASTTAG RX:Z:AATGT+GTGTA