hibernate - @Autowired lateinit 属性 '' 尚未初始化

Question

我正在尝试使用 Spring-boot + Vaadin 创建一个 Web 项目，并且我想使用 spring-data-jpa 和 hibernate 从 PostgreSQL 数据库中获取数据。

在我的 Vaadin 看来，我尝试 Autowiring 我的服务类，但我总是得到 null 并且错误堆栈跟踪没有告诉我原因。

kotlin.UninitializedPropertyAccessException: lateinit property clientService has not been initialized at com.apache.vaadin.view.Index.getClientService(Index.kt:24) ~[classes/:na] at com.apache.vaadin.view.Index$readButton$1.buttonClick(Index.kt:40) ~[classes/:na] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_131] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_131] at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_131] at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_131] at com.vaadin.event.ListenerMethod.receiveEvent(ListenerMethod.java:510) ~[vaadin-server-8.0.6.jar:8.0.6] at com.vaadin.event.EventRouter.fireEvent(EventRouter.java:211) ~[vaadin-server-8.0.6.jar:8.0.6] at com.vaadin.event.EventRouter.fireEvent(EventRouter.java:174) ~[vaadin-server-8.0.6.jar:8.0.6] at com.vaadin.server.AbstractClientConnector.fireEvent(AbstractClientConnector.java:1029) ~[vaadin-server-8.0.6.jar:8.0.6] at com.vaadin.ui.Button.fireClick(Button.java:370) ~[vaadin-server-8.0.6.jar:8.0.6] at com.vaadin.ui.Button$1.click(Button.java:57) ~[vaadin-server-8.0.6.jar:8.0.6] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) ~[na:1.8.0_131] at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) ~[na:1.8.0_131] at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) ~[na:1.8.0_131] at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498) ~[na:1.8.0_131] at com.vaadin.server.ServerRpcManager.applyInvocation(ServerRpcManager.java:155) ~[vaadin-server-8.0.6.jar:8.0.6] at com.vaadin.server.ServerRpcManager.applyInvocation(ServerRpcManager.java:116) ~[vaadin-server-8.0.6.jar:8.0.6] at com.vaadin.server.communication.ServerRpcHandler.handleInvocation(ServerRpcHandler.java:445) [vaadin-server-8.0.6.jar:8.0.6] at com.vaadin.server.communication.ServerRpcHandler.handleInvocations(ServerRpcHandler.java:410) [vaadin-server-8.0.6.jar:8.0.6] at com.vaadin.server.communication.ServerRpcHandler.handleRpc(ServerRpcHandler.java:274) [vaadin-server-8.0.6.jar:8.0.6] at com.vaadin.server.communication.UidlRequestHandler.synchronizedHandleRequest(UidlRequestHandler.java:90) [vaadin-server-8.0.6.jar:8.0.6] at com.vaadin.server.SynchronizedRequestHandler.handleRequest(SynchronizedRequestHandler.java:41) [vaadin-server-8.0.6.jar:8.0.6] at com.vaadin.server.VaadinService.handleRequest(VaadinService.java:1464) [vaadin-server-8.0.6.jar:8.0.6] at com.vaadin.server.VaadinServlet.service(VaadinServlet.java:381) [vaadin-server-8.0.6.jar:8.0.6] at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:742) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:231) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52) [tomcat-embed-websocket-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.springframework.web.filter.RequestContextFilter.doFilterInternal(RequestContextFilter.java:99) [spring-web-4.3.9.RELEASE.jar:4.3.9.RELEASE] at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.3.9.RELEASE.jar:4.3.9.RELEASE] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.springframework.web.filter.HttpPutFormContentFilter.doFilterInternal(HttpPutFormContentFilter.java:105) [spring-web-4.3.9.RELEASE.jar:4.3.9.RELEASE] at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.3.9.RELEASE.jar:4.3.9.RELEASE] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:81) [spring-web-4.3.9.RELEASE.jar:4.3.9.RELEASE] at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.3.9.RELEASE.jar:4.3.9.RELEASE] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:197) [spring-web-4.3.9.RELEASE.jar:4.3.9.RELEASE] at org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) [spring-web-4.3.9.RELEASE.jar:4.3.9.RELEASE] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:193) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:166) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:198) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:96) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:478) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:140) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:80) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:87) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:342) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:799) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:66) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$ConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:861) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.NioEndpoint$SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1455) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142) [na:1.8.0_131] at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617) [na:1.8.0_131] at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61) [tomcat-embed-core-8.5.15.jar:8.5.15] at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748) [na:1.8.0_131]

我的数据库配置:

@Configuration
@EnableTransactionManagement
@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = arrayOf("com.apache.vaadin.model"))
@ComponentScan(basePackages = arrayOf("com.apache.vaadin.model"))
open class DataSourceConfig {
    @Autowired
    lateinit var environment: Environment

    @Bean
    open fun entityManagerFactory(): LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean {
        var entityManagerFactory: LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean = LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean()

        entityManagerFactory.apply {
            dataSource = dataSource()
            setPackagesToScan("com.apache.vaadin.model")

            var vendorAdapter: HibernateJpaVendorAdapter = HibernateJpaVendorAdapter()

            vendorAdapter.apply {
                setGenerateDdl(true)
                setShowSql(true)
            }

            var properties: Properties = Properties()

            properties.apply {
                put("database.dialet", "org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQL95Dialect")
                put("database.globally_quoted_identifiers", "false")
                put("database.enable_lazy_load_no_trans", "true")
                put("database.show_sql", "true")
            }

            jpaVendorAdapter = vendorAdapter
            setJpaProperties(properties)
        }

        return entityManagerFactory
    }

    @Primary
    @Bean
    open fun dataSource(): DataSource {
        var source: ComboPooledDataSource = ComboPooledDataSource()

        source.apply {
            driverClass = "org.postgresql.Driver"
            jdbcUrl = "jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/ignite"
            user = "postgres"
            password = "1111"
            acquireIncrement = 5
            idleConnectionTestPeriod = 60
            maxPoolSize = 20
            minPoolSize = 10
            initialPoolSize = 10
        }

        return source
    }

    @Bean
    open fun transactionManager() : PlatformTransactionManager {
        var manager: JpaTransactionManager = JpaTransactionManager()

        manager.apply {
            entityManagerFactory = entityManagerFactory().nativeEntityManagerFactory
        }

        return manager
    }

    @Bean
    open fun exceptionTranslator(): PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor  = PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor()
}

View 和用户界面:

@SpringUI
@Title(value = "Apache")
class Navigator : UI() {
    @Autowired
    lateinit var viewProvider: SpringViewProvider

    init {
    }

    private val INDEX = ""

    override fun init(p0: VaadinRequest?) {
        navigator = Navigator(this, this)
        navigator.addProvider(viewProvider)
        navigator.addView(INDEX, Index::class.java)
    }
}

@UIScope
@SpringView
open class Index : VerticalLayout(), View {
    private val logger: Logger = Logger.getLogger(Index::class.java)

    @Autowired
    lateinit var clientService: IClientService // <--- error is here

    init {
        var menuBar: MenuBar = MenuBar()
        var file = menuBar.addItem("File", null, null)
        file.addItem("Save", {_ -> logger.info("Save clicked")})
        file.addItem("Load", {_ -> logger.info("Load clicked")})
        file.addItem("Open", {_ -> logger.info("Open clicked")})
        file.addItem("Close", {_ -> logger.info("Close clicked")})

        var settings = menuBar.addItem("Settings", null, null)
        settings.addItem("DataBase", {_ -> logger.info("DataBase clicked")})

        addComponent(menuBar)

        var createButton: Button = Button("Create", { _ -> logger.info("Create clicked")})
        var readButton: Button = Button("Read", { _ -> logger.info(clientService.findAll())})
        var updateButton: Button = Button("Update", { _ -> logger.info("Update clicked")})
        var deleteButton: Button = Button("Delete", { _ -> logger.info("Delete clicked")})

        addComponent(createButton)
        addComponent(readButton)
        addComponent(updateButton)
        addComponent(deleteButton)
    }

    override fun enter(p0: ViewChangeListener.ViewChangeEvent?) {
        Notification.show("Welcome to the main com.ignite.app.view")
    }
}

pom.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.apache.vaadin</groupId>
    <artifactId>ignite</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>ignite</name>
    <description></description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>1.5.4.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <vaadin.version>8.0.6</vaadin.version>
        <kotlin.version>1.1.3-2</kotlin.version>
        <hibernate>5.2.9.Final</hibernate>
        <hibernate-validator>5.4.1.Final</hibernate-validator>
        <postgres>42.1.1</postgres>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
            <artifactId>vaadin-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jetbrains.kotlin</groupId>
            <artifactId>kotlin-stdlib-jre8</artifactId>
            <version>${kotlin.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jetbrains.kotlin</groupId>
            <artifactId>kotlin-test</artifactId>
            <version>${kotlin.version}</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-ehcache</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
            <version>${hibernate-validator}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.postgresql</groupId>
            <artifactId>postgresql</artifactId>
            <version>${postgres}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.vaadin</groupId>
                <artifactId>vaadin-bom</artifactId>
                <version>${vaadin.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.jetbrains.kotlin</groupId>
                <artifactId>kotlin-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>${kotlin.version}</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>compile</id>
                        <phase>compile</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>compile</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                    <execution>
                        <id>test-compile</id>
                        <phase>test-compile</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>test-compile</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
                <configuration>
                    <jvmTarget>1.8</jvmTarget>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>compile</id>
                        <phase>compile</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>compile</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                    <execution>
                        <id>testCompile</id>
                        <phase>test-compile</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>testCompile</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

我的服务:

@NoRepositoryBean
interface IClientService : CrudRepository<Client, Long>
@Service
class ClientService : IClientService {
    private val logger: Logger = Logger.getLogger(ClientService::class.java)

    @Autowired
    lateinit var clientRepository: ClientRepository

    override fun delete(p0: Long?) {
        clientRepository.delete(p0)
    }

    override fun delete(p0: MutableIterable<Client>?) {
        clientRepository.delete(p0)
    }

    override fun delete(p0: Client?) {
        clientRepository.delete(p0)
    }

    override fun <S : Client?> save(p0: MutableIterable<S>?): MutableIterable<S> = clientRepository.save(p0)

    override fun <S : Client?> save(p0: S): S = clientRepository.save(p0)

    override fun findAll(p0: MutableIterable<Long>?): MutableIterable<Client> = clientRepository.findAll(p0)

    override fun findAll(): MutableIterable<Client> = clientRepository.findAll()

    override fun exists(p0: Long?): Boolean = clientRepository.exists(p0)

    override fun findOne(p0: Long?): Client = clientRepository.findOne(p0)

    override fun count(): Long = clientRepository.count()

    override fun deleteAll() {
        clientRepository.deleteAll()
    }
}

和存储库:

@Repository
interface ClientRepository : CrudRepository<Client, Long>

项目编译正确，但是当我尝试从我的数据库中获取任何数据时，我得到了这个错误。我还尝试手动创建连接和查询，当我这样做时，我没有收到任何错误。可能是数据源配置中的错误，但我没有看到。

感谢您的帮助!

更新
解决方案:

@SpringUI
@Title(value = "Apache")
class Navigator : UI() {
    @Autowired
    lateinit var viewProvider: SpringViewProvider

    @Autowired
    lateinit var index: Index// <-

    private val INDEX = "index"

    override fun init(p0: VaadinRequest?) {
        navigator = Navigator(this, this)
        navigator.addProvider(viewProvider)
        navigator.addView(INDEX, index) // <-
    }
}

@UIScope
@SpringView
@SpringComponent // <-
open class Index : VerticalLayout(), View {...}

Answer 1

这是因为您尝试访问 clientService在 init block ，你不应该这样做， Spring 依赖注入(inject)发生之后 对象已准备好创建。例如:

@Autowired
lateinit var clientService: IClientService

init{
    // v--- `clientService` is not injected by spring yet.
    clientService;
}

另一方面，你应该实现 InitializingBean对于spring组件的初始化，例如:

open class Index : VerticalLayout(), View, InitializingBean {

   @Autowired
   lateinit var clientService: IClientService

   override fun afterPropertiesSet(){
      //copy your init block code here
   }
}