python - 无法在 Raspberry PI 4 (adafruit_circuitpython_neopixel) 上安装 Pip 包

Question

我正在尝试在运行 Raspbian Buster/RetroPi 的 Raspberry Pi 4 上安装上面的库。
安装程序收集软件包，然后在 setup.py 上失败说明:

* Setup can't determine the value of PAGE_SIZE on your system, so it will
    * default to 4096 which may not be correct.

尝试了更多诊断/故障排除:

我之前在 Raspberry Pi 3 上安装了相同的软件包，没有问题(我认为它也在运行 Buster)

我已经成功地使用 pip3 install 在 Pi 4 上安装了其他 python 包。即 tornado , colorzero等

我跑了 sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade + 重新启动 - 没有帮助

我试过 python 2 ( pip install pip install adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel ) - 同样的错误

任何帮助将不胜感激 - 谢谢!
完整错误:

pip3 install adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel
Defaulting to user installation because normal site-packages is not writeable
Collecting adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel
  Using cached adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel-6.0.3.tar.gz (28 kB)
Collecting Adafruit-Blinka
  Using cached Adafruit-Blinka-6.4.2.tar.gz (122 kB)
Collecting adafruit-circuitpython-pypixelbuf>=2.0.0
  Using cached adafruit-circuitpython-pypixelbuf-2.2.4.tar.gz (28 kB)
Collecting Adafruit-PlatformDetect>=3.1.0
  Using cached Adafruit-PlatformDetect-3.5.0.tar.gz (29 kB)
Collecting Adafruit-PureIO>=1.1.7
  Using cached Adafruit_PureIO-1.1.8.tar.gz (26 kB)
Collecting pyftdi>=0.40.0
  Using cached pyftdi-0.52.9-py3-none-any.whl (139 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: RPi.GPIO in /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages (from Adafruit-Blinka->adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel) (0.7.0)
Collecting rpi_ws281x>=4.0.0
  Using cached rpi_ws281x-4.2.6.tar.gz (63 kB)
Collecting sysv_ipc>=1.1.0
  Using cached sysv_ipc-1.1.0.tar.gz (99 kB)
Requirement already satisfied: pyusb>=1.0.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages (from pyftdi>=0.40.0->Adafruit-Blinka->adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel) (1.1.1)
Requirement already satisfied: pyserial>=3.0 in /usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages (from pyftdi>=0.40.0->Adafruit-Blinka->adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel) (3.5)
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for adafruit-circuitpython-pypixelbuf, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for Adafruit-Blinka, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for Adafruit-PlatformDetect, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for Adafruit-PureIO, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for rpi-ws281x, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Using legacy 'setup.py install' for sysv-ipc, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Installing collected packages: sysv-ipc, rpi-ws281x, pyftdi, Adafruit-PureIO, Adafruit-PlatformDetect, Adafruit-Blinka, adafruit-circuitpython-pypixelbuf, adafruit-circuitpython-neopixel
    Running setup.py install for sysv-ipc ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /usr/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-9qk3bog7/sysv-ipc_2c9b66fe81a04f5c99cf319aff553101/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-9qk3bog7/sysv-ipc_2c9b66fe81a04f5c99cf319aff553101/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-d842td8m/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --user --prefix= --compile --install-headers /home/pi/.local/include/python3.7m/sysv-ipc
         cwd: /tmp/pip-install-9qk3bog7/sysv-ipc_2c9b66fe81a04f5c99cf319aff553101/
    Complete output (19 lines):
    ******************************************************************************
    * Setup can't determine the value of PAGE_SIZE on your system, so it will
    * default to 4096 which may not be correct.
    *
    * Please report this message and your operating system info to the package
    * maintainer listed in the README file.
    ******************************************************************************
    running install
    running build
    running build_ext
    building 'sysv_ipc' extension
    creating build
    creating build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7
    arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -g -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -I/usr/include/python3.7m -c sysv_ipc_module.c -o build/temp.linux-armv7l-3.7/sysv_ipc_module.o
    sysv_ipc_module.c:32:10: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory
     #include "Python.h"
              ^~~~~~~~~~
    compilation terminated.
    error: command 'arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc' failed with exit status 1
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-9qk3bog7/sysv-ipc_2c9b66fe81a04f5c99cf319aff553101/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-9qk3bog7/sysv-ipc_2c9b66fe81a04f5c99cf319aff553101/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /tmp/pip-record-d842td8m/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --user --prefix= --compile --install-headers /home/pi/.local/include/python3.7m/sysv-ipc Check the logs for full command output.

Answer 1

SuperStormer 建议 sudo apt install python3-dev - 有效!
我不知道为什么会这样，如 This post表明它的用途是用于 Python 扩展，而不是常规库。
它显然包含 Python C 头文件，因此该库可能出于某种原因需要这些头文件。