python - 删除子元素包含 "English"的元素的更有效方法

Question

我有一个 html 如下

<div id="bodyContent" class="content mw-parser-output">
    <div id="mw-content-text" style="direction: ltr;">
        <h1 class="section-heading" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="true" data-section-id="0">
            <span class="mw-headline" id="title_0">pomme</span>
        </h1>
        
        <details data-level="2" open="">
            <summary class="section-heading"><h2 id="English">English</h2></summary>
            <details data-level="3" open="">abc</details>
        </details>

        <details data-level="2" open="">
            <summary class="section-heading"><h2 id="French">French</h2></summary>
            <details data-level="3" open="">abc</details>
        </details>

        <details data-level="2" open="">
            <summary class="section-heading"><h2 id="Norman">Norman</h2></summary>
            <details data-level="3" open="">abc</details>
        </details>
    </div>
</div>

在每个元素内部 <details data-level="2" open=""> ，有一个元素 <h2 id="English">English</h2>来表示语言。我的目标是删除所有 <details data-level="2" open="">其语言不同于 English .我的预期结果是

<div id="bodyContent" class="content mw-parser-output">
    <div id="mw-content-text" style="direction: ltr;">
        <h1 class="section-heading" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="true" data-section-id="0">
            <span class="mw-headline" id="title_0">pomme</span>
        </h1>

        <details data-level="2" open="">
            <summary class="section-heading"><h2 id="English">English</h2></summary>
            <details data-level="3" open="">abc</details>
        </details>
    </div>
</div>

我得到这样的结果

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

texte = """
<div id="bodyContent" class="content mw-parser-output">
    <div id="mw-content-text" style="direction: ltr;">
        <h1 class="section-heading" tabindex="0" aria-haspopup="true" data-section-id="0">
            <span class="mw-headline" id="title_0">pomme</span>
        </h1>

        <details data-level="2" open="">
            <summary class="section-heading"><h2 id="English">English</h2></summary>
            <details data-level="3" open="">abc</details>
        </details>
    </div>
</div>
"""

soup = BeautifulSoup(texte, 'html.parser')
tmp = soup.select('details > summary > h2')
tmp2 = [s.contents[0] for s in tmp]

for i in range(len(tmp2)):
    if tmp2[i] != 'English':
        tmp[i].find_parent('details').decompose()
        
soup

我需要重复这个操作近 400 万次。我想问有没有更有效的方法来做到这一点。非常感谢你的帮助!

Answer 1

您可以通过 :not() 使用 CSS 选择器然后 .extract()所选元素:

for d in soup.select('details[data-level="2"]:not(:has(h2#English))'):
    d.extract()

print(soup.prettify())

打印:

<div class="content mw-parser-output" id="bodyContent">
 <div id="mw-content-text" style="direction: ltr;">
  <h1 aria-haspopup="true" class="section-heading" data-section-id="0" tabindex="0">
   <span class="mw-headline" id="title_0">
    pomme
   </span>
  </h1>
  <details data-level="2" open="">
   <summary class="section-heading">
    <h2 id="English">
     English
    </h2>
   </summary>
   <details data-level="3" open="">
    abc
   </details>
  </details>
 </div>
</div>