android - 用导航组件导航替换 fragment 后， fragment 内的 ViewPager2 泄漏

Question

起初，我遇到了 ViewPager2 的问题在 BottomNavigationView 的标签内和数据绑定(bind)，数据绑定(bind)也会泄露ViewPager2并且应该在 onDestroyView 中为空，泄漏并设法将问题缩小到 ViewPager2在使用 findNavController().navigate 从包含 ViewPager2 的 fragment 导航到另一个 fragment 时.
这是它的发生方式，当我导航到另一个用 ViewPager2 替换当前 fragment 时会发生这种情况。

这是代码

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {
    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)
    }
}

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <androidx.fragment.app.FragmentContainerView
        android:id="@+id/nav_host_fragment"
        android:name="androidx.navigation.fragment.NavHostFragment"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        app:defaultNavHost="true"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"

        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:navGraph="@navigation/nav_graph" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

nav_graph.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<navigation xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/nav_graph_parent"
    app:startDestination="@id/parent_dest">

    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/parent_dest"
        android:name="com.smarttoolfactory.tutorial6_7navigationui_memoryleakcheck.viewpagerfragment.ViewPagerContainerFragment"
        android:label="MainFragment"
        tools:layout="@layout/fragment_viewpager_container">

        <!-- Login -->
        <action
            android:id="@+id/action_main_dest_to_loginFragment2"
            app:destination="@id/loginFragment2" />
    </fragment>

    <!-- Login -->
    <fragment
        android:id="@+id/loginFragment2"
        android:name="com.smarttoolfactory.tutorial6_7navigationui_memoryleakcheck.blankfragment.LoginFragment2"
        android:label="LoginFragment2"
        tools:layout="@layout/fragment_login2"/>

</navigation>

包含 ViewPager2 的 fragment 和 TabLayout

class ViewPagerContainerFragment : Fragment() {

    override fun onCreateView(
        inflater: LayoutInflater,
        container: ViewGroup?,
        savedInstanceState: Bundle?
    ): View? {
        return inflater.inflate(R.layout.fragment_viewpager_container, container, false)
    }

    override fun onViewCreated(view: View, savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onViewCreated(view, savedInstanceState)

        // ViewPager2
        val viewPager = view.findViewById<ViewPager2>(R.id.viewPager)

        /*
            Set Adapter for ViewPager inside this fragment using this Fragment,
            more specifically childFragmentManager as param
         */
        viewPager.adapter = ChildFragmentStateAdapter(this)

        // TabLayout
        val tabLayout = view.findViewById<TabLayout>(R.id.tabLayout)

        // Bind tabs and viewpager
        TabLayoutMediator(tabLayout, viewPager) { tab, position ->
            when (position) {
                0 -> tab.text = "Home"
                1 -> tab.text = "Dashboard"
                2 -> tab.text = "Notification"
                3 -> tab.text = "Login"
            }
        }.attach()
    }
}

fragment_viewpager_container

<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <com.google.android.material.tabs.TabLayout
        android:id="@+id/tabLayout"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:tabMode="scrollable" />

    <androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2
        android:id="@+id/viewPager"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="0dp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/tabLayout" />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

fragment 没有什么特别的，但我添加了一种布局，也许 Material 小部件正在泄漏，我不知道

<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    android:id="@+id/fragment_layout"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="@color/colorHome1"
    android:padding="8dp">

    <com.google.android.material.textview.MaterialTextView
        android:id="@+id/tvTitle"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Home Fragment1"
        android:textColor="#fff"
        android:textSize="32sp"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintHorizontal_bias="0.5"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias="0.3" />

    <com.google.android.material.button.MaterialButton
        android:id="@+id/btnNextPage"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="Next Page"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@+id/tvTitle" />
    
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

以及来自 Leak Canary 的堆转储

┬───
│ GC Root: System class
│
├─ android.app.ActivityThread class
│    Leaking: NO (MainActivity↓ is not leaking and a class is never leaking)
│    ↓ static ActivityThread.sCurrentActivityThread
├─ android.app.ActivityThread instance
│    Leaking: NO (MainActivity↓ is not leaking)
│    ↓ ActivityThread.mTopActivityClient
├─ android.app.ActivityThread$ActivityClientRecord instance
│    Leaking: NO (MainActivity↓ is not leaking)
│    ↓ ActivityThread$ActivityClientRecord.activity
├─ com.smarttoolfactory.tutorial6_7navigationui_memoryleakcheck.MainActivity instance
│    Leaking: NO (NavHostFragment↓ is not leaking and Activity#mDestroyed is false)
│    ↓ MainActivity.mFragments
├─ androidx.fragment.app.FragmentController instance
│    Leaking: NO (NavHostFragment↓ is not leaking)
│    ↓ FragmentController.mHost
├─ androidx.fragment.app.FragmentActivity$HostCallbacks instance
│    Leaking: NO (NavHostFragment↓ is not leaking)
│    ↓ FragmentActivity$HostCallbacks.mFragmentManager
├─ androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManagerImpl instance
│    Leaking: NO (NavHostFragment↓ is not leaking)
│    ↓ FragmentManagerImpl.mPrimaryNav
├─ androidx.navigation.fragment.NavHostFragment instance
│    Leaking: NO (ViewPagerContainerFragment↓ is not leaking and Fragment#mFragmentManager is not null)
│    ↓ NavHostFragment.mChildFragmentManager
├─ androidx.fragment.app.FragmentManagerImpl instance
│    Leaking: NO (ViewPagerContainerFragment↓ is not leaking)
│    ↓ FragmentManagerImpl.mFragmentStore
├─ androidx.fragment.app.FragmentStore instance
│    Leaking: NO (ViewPagerContainerFragment↓ is not leaking)
│    ↓ FragmentStore.mActive
├─ java.util.HashMap instance
│    Leaking: NO (ViewPagerContainerFragment↓ is not leaking)
│    ↓ HashMap.table
├─ java.util.HashMap$Node[] array
│    Leaking: NO (ViewPagerContainerFragment↓ is not leaking)
│    ↓ HashMap$Node[].[0]
├─ java.util.HashMap$Node instance
│    Leaking: NO (ViewPagerContainerFragment↓ is not leaking)
│    ↓ HashMap$Node.value
├─ androidx.fragment.app.FragmentStateManager instance
│    Leaking: NO (ViewPagerContainerFragment↓ is not leaking)
│    ↓ FragmentStateManager.mFragment
├─ com.smarttoolfactory.tutorial6_7navigationui_memoryleakcheck.viewpagerfragment.ViewPagerContainerFragment instance
│    Leaking: NO (Fragment#mFragmentManager is not null)
│    ↓ ViewPagerContainerFragment.mLifecycleRegistry
│                                 ~~~~~~
├─ androidx.lifecycle.LifecycleRegistry instance
│    Leaking: UNKNOWN
│    ↓ LifecycleRegistry.mObserverMap
│                        ~~~~
├─ androidx.arch.core.internal.FastSafeIterableMap instance
│    Leaking: UNKNOWN
│    ↓ FastSafeIterableMap.mEnd
│                          ~~
├─ androidx.arch.core.internal.SafeIterableMap$Entry instance
│    Leaking: UNKNOWN
│    ↓ SafeIterableMap$Entry.mKey
│                            ~~
├─ androidx.viewpager2.adapter.FragmentStateAdapter$FragmentMaxLifecycleEnforcer$3 instance
│    Leaking: UNKNOWN
│    Anonymous class implementing androidx.lifecycle.LifecycleEventObserver
│    ↓ FragmentStateAdapter$FragmentMaxLifecycleEnforcer$3.this$1
│                                                          ~~
├─ androidx.viewpager2.adapter.FragmentStateAdapter$FragmentMaxLifecycleEnforcer instance
│    Leaking: UNKNOWN
│    ↓ FragmentStateAdapter$FragmentMaxLifecycleEnforcer.mViewPager
│                                                        ~~~~
├─ androidx.viewpager2.widget.ViewPager2 instance
│    Leaking: YES (View detached and has parent)
│    mContext instance of com.smarttoolfactory.tutorial6_7navigationui_memoryleakcheck.MainActivity with mDestroyed = false
│    View#mParent is set
│    View#mAttachInfo is null (view detached)
│    View.mID = R.id.viewPager
│    View.mWindowAttachCount = 1
│    ↓ ViewPager

我还添加了 github link如果您想自己检查或重新创建问题。

Answer 1

从 onDestroyView 中的 ViewPager2 中移除适配器 fragment 方法解决了 FragmentStateAdapter 的内存泄漏问题

 override fun onDestroyView() {

        val viewPager2 = dataBinding?.viewPager

        viewPager2?.let {
            it.adapter = null
        }
        super.onDestroyView()
 }

还在 onDestroyView 中将数据绑定(bind)设置为 null fragment ，我是在基本 fragment 中完成的，这导致了与数据绑定(bind)相关的内存泄漏。或如前所述使用它 here对于 viewBinding，它适用于数据绑定(bind)。

private var _binding: ResultProfileBinding? = null
// This property is only valid between onCreateView and
// onDestroyView.
private val binding get() = _binding!!

override fun onCreateView(
    inflater: LayoutInflater,
    container: ViewGroup?,
    savedInstanceState: Bundle?
): View? {
    _binding = ResultProfileBinding.inflate(inflater, container, false)
    val view = binding.root
    return view
}

override fun onDestroyView() {
    super.onDestroyView()
    _binding = null
} 

Note: Fragments outlive their views. Make sure you clean up anyreferences to the binding class instance in the fragment'sonDestroyView() method.

使用 ViewPager2 防止内存泄漏的另一件事在 fragment 内部使用 viewLifeCycleOwner的生命周期在 onCreateView 之间和 onDestroyView而不是 this使用提到的 FragmentStateAdapter here .

FragmentManager fm = getChildFragmentManager();
Lifecycle lifecycle = getViewLifecycleOwner().getLifecycle();
fragmentAdapter = new FragmentAdapter(fm, lifecycle);