android - 使用 Retrofit Android 的相互身份验证

Question

我需要在 api 请求中发送 .CRT 和 .KEY 文件。我设法使用 Postman 完成了请求，但我不知道如何在 android 代码中传递 key 。


阴极射线管:

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

key :

-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----

这是我的客户

fun getClient(url: String, context: Context): Retrofit {

        // Loading CAs from an InputStream
        val cf: CertificateFactory = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509")

        val ca: Certificate = context.resources.openRawResource(R.raw.crt).use { cert ->  cf.generateCertificate(cert) }

        // Creating a KeyStore containing our trusted CAs
        val keyStoreType = KeyStore.getDefaultType()
        val keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance(keyStoreType).apply {
            load(null, null)
            setCertificateEntry("ca", ca)
        }

        // Creating a TrustManager that trusts the CAs in our KeyStore.
        val tmfAlgorithm = TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm()
        val tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(tmfAlgorithm).apply {
            init(keyStore)
        }

        val trustManager: X509TrustManager = tmf.trustManagers[0] as X509TrustManager

        // Creating an SSLSocketFactory that uses our TrustManager
        val sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS").apply {
            init(null, arrayOf<TrustManager>(trustManager), null)
        }

        val okHttpClient = OkHttpClient.Builder()
            .sslSocketFactory(sslContext.socketFactory, trustManager)
            .build()

        val json = GsonBuilder().setLenient().create()

        return Retrofit
            .Builder()
            .baseUrl(url)
            .client(okHttpClient)
            .addCallAdapterFactory(RxJavaCallAdapterFactory.create())
            .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create(json))
            .build()
    }

该调用返回一个 throwable:

java.security.cert.CertPathValidatorException: Trust anchor for certification path not found.

我很感激谁能帮助我。对不起，我的英语不好。

Answer 1

看起来您的 Retrofit ssl 配置与您配置 postman 的方式不匹配。在 postman 中，您已将其配置为在客户端证书配置部分中具有私钥和证书链。受信任的证书/CA 为空。现在，如果我们将其与您的 retrofit 配置进行比较，我可以看到您添加了 certificate.crt文件作为受信任的证书而不是客户端 key Material 。
由于我们没有证书，因此很难复制完全相同的情况，所以我从 https://badssl.com/ 中获取一个。我们可以用它来轻松地测试这个用例。
我在这里添加证书，但您可能需要从网站本身获取一个新证书，因为它们将过期。
这个用例基本上需要 3 个文件:

客户端私钥

客户端证书链

受信任的服务器证书

1.客户端私钥

-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----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GTH3fhaM/pZZGdIC75x/69Y=
-----END PRIVATE KEY-----

2.客户端证书链

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIEqDCCApCgAwIBAgIUK5Ns4y2CzosB/ZoFlaxjZqoBTIIwDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEL
BQAwfjELMAkGA1UEBhMCVVMxEzARBgNVBAgMCkNhbGlmb3JuaWExFjAUBgNVBAcM
DVNhbiBGcmFuY2lzY28xDzANBgNVBAoMBkJhZFNTTDExMC8GA1UEAwwoQmFkU1NM
IENsaWVudCBSb290IENlcnRpZmljYXRlIEF1dGhvcml0eTAeFw0xOTExMjcwMDE5
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IjAgBgNVBAMMGUJhZFNTTCBDbGllbnQgQ2VydGlmaWNhdGUwggEiMA0GCSqGSIb3
DQEBAQUAA4IBDwAwggEKAoIBAQDHN18R6x5Oz+u6SOXLoxIscz5GHR6cDcCLgyPa
x2XfXHdJs+h6fTy61WGM+aXEhR2SIwbj5997s34m0MsbvkJrFmn0LHK1fuTLCihE
EmxGdCGZA9xrwxFYAkEjP7D8v7cAWRMipYF/JP7VU7xNUo+QSkZ0sOi9k6bNkABK
L3+yP6PqAzsBoKIN5lN/YRLrppsDmk6nrRDo4R3CD+8JQl9quEoOmL22Pc/qpOjL
1jgOIFSE5y3gwbzDlfCYoAL5V+by1vu0yJShTTK8oo5wvphcFfEHaQ9w5jFg2htd
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9w0BAQsFAAOCAgEAZBauLzFSOijkDadcippr9C6laHebb0oRS54xAV70E9k5GxfR
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CxExzG8Bb0f98ZXMklpYFogkcuH4OUOFyRodotrotm3iRbuvZNk0Zz7N5n1oLTPl
bGPMwBcqaGXvK62NlaRkwjnbkPM4MYvREM0bbAgZD2GHyANBTso8bdWvhLvmoSjs
FSqJUJp17AZ0x/ELWZd69v2zKW9UdPmw0evyVR19elh/7dmtF6wbewc4N4jxQnTq
IItuhIWKWB9edgJz65uZ9ubQWjXoa+9CuWcV/1KxuKCbLHdZXiboLrKm4S1WmMYW
d0sJm95H9mJzcLyhLF7iX2kK6K9ug1y02YCVXBC9WGZc2x6GMS7lDkXSkJFy3EWh
CmfxkmFGwOgwKt3Jd1pF9ftcSEMhu4WcMgxi9vZr9OdkJLxmk033sVKI/hnkPaHw
g0Y2YBH5v0xmi8sYU7weOcwynkjZARpUltBUQ0pWCF5uJsEB8uE8PPDD3c4=
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

3.可信服务器证书

-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
MIIGqDCCBZCgAwIBAgIQCvBs2jemC2QTQvCh6x1Z/TANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQsFADBN
MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMScwJQYDVQQDEx5E
aWdpQ2VydCBTSEEyIFNlY3VyZSBTZXJ2ZXIgQ0EwHhcNMjAwMzIzMDAwMDAwWhcN
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AgEWHGh0dHBzOi8vd3d3LmRpZ2ljZXJ0LmNvbS9DUFMwCAYGZ4EMAQIDMHwGCCsG
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GO+/lNYvjExlzVUWJbgNLwB2AFGjsPX9AXmcVm24N3iPDKR6zBsny/eeiEKaDf7U
iwXlAAABcQhGXnoAAAQDAEcwRQIgKsntiBqt8Au8DAABFkxISELhP3U/wb5lb76p
vfenWL0CIQDr2kLhCWP/QUNxXqGmvr1GaG9EuokTOLEnGPhGv1cMkDANBgkqhkiG
9w0BAQsFAAOCAQEA0RGxlwy3Tl0lhrUAn2mIi8LcZ9nBUyfAcCXCtYyCdEbjIP64
xgX6pzTt0WJoxzlT+MiK6fc0hECZXqpkTNVTARYtGkJoljlTK2vAdHZ0SOpm9OT4
RLfjGnImY0hiFbZ/LtsvS2Zg7cVJecqnrZe/za/nbDdljnnrll7C8O5naQuKr4te
uice3e8a4TtviFwS/wdDnJ3RrE83b1IljILbU5SV0X1NajyYkUWS7AnOmrFUUByz
MwdGrM6kt0lfJy/gvGVsgIKZocHdedPeECqAtq7FAJYanOsjNN9RbBOGhbwq0/FP
CC01zojqS10nGowxzOiqyB4m6wytmzf0QwjpMw==
-----END CERTIFICATE-----

有多种方法可以将这些文件加载​​到您的应用程序中并将它们转换为正确的 ssl Material 。如果您的 pem 文件(私钥)具有不同的 header ，则使用 vanilla java 您可能需要对其进行调整。但是对于上面的例子，下面的代码 fragment 应该可以工作:
选项 1

import javax.net.ssl.KeyManager;
import javax.net.ssl.KeyManagerFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
import java.security.KeyFactory;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.Certificate;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory;
import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec;
import java.util.Base64;

public class App {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        CertificateFactory certificateFactory = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509");

        InputStream trustedCertificateAsInputStream = Files.newInputStream(Paths.get("badssl-server-certificate.pem"), StandardOpenOption.READ);
        Certificate trustedCertificate = certificateFactory.generateCertificate(trustedCertificateAsInputStream);
        KeyStore trustStore = createEmptyKeyStore("secret".toCharArray());
        trustStore.setCertificateEntry("badssl-server", trustedCertificate);

        String privateKeyContent = new String(Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get("private-key-badssl.pem")), Charset.defaultCharset())
                .replace("-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----", "")
                .replaceAll(System.lineSeparator(), "")
                .replace("-----END PRIVATE KEY-----", "");

        byte[] privateKeyAsBytes = Base64.getDecoder().decode(privateKeyContent);
        KeyFactory keyFactory = KeyFactory.getInstance("RSA");
        PKCS8EncodedKeySpec keySpec = new PKCS8EncodedKeySpec(privateKeyAsBytes);

        InputStream certificateChainAsInputStream = Files.newInputStream(Paths.get("certificate-chain-badssl.pem"), StandardOpenOption.READ);
        Certificate certificateChain = certificateFactory.generateCertificate(certificateChainAsInputStream);

        KeyStore identityStore = createEmptyKeyStore("secret".toCharArray());
        identityStore.setKeyEntry("client", keyFactory.generatePrivate(keySpec), "".toCharArray(), new Certificate[]{certificateChain});

        trustedCertificateAsInputStream.close();
        certificateChainAsInputStream.close();

        TrustManagerFactory trustManagerFactory = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
        trustManagerFactory.init(trustStore);
        TrustManager[] trustManagers = trustManagerFactory.getTrustManagers();

        KeyManagerFactory keyManagerFactory = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance(KeyManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
        keyManagerFactory.init(identityStore, "secret".toCharArray());
        KeyManager[] keyManagers = keyManagerFactory.getKeyManagers();

        SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
        sslContext.init(keyManagers, trustManagers, null);

        SSLSocketFactory socketFactory = sslContext.getSocketFactory();


        val okHttpClient = OkHttpClient.Builder()
                .sslSocketFactory(socketFactory, trustManagers[0])
                .build()

        val json = GsonBuilder().setLenient().create()

        val retrofit = Retrofit.Builder()
                .baseUrl("https://client.badssl.com/")
                .client(okHttpClient)
                .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create(json))
                .build()
    }

    public static KeyStore createEmptyKeyStore(char[] keyStorePassword) throws CertificateException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, IOException, KeyStoreException {
        KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
        keyStore.load(null, keyStorePassword);
        return keyStore;
    }

}

这有点冗长，但这应该可以解决问题。我已经用 vanilla java 编写了这个，但是您的 IDEA 应该能够轻松地将其转换为 kotlin。
上述设置还有一个替代方案，我在自己的库中提供了它，请参见此处: GitHub - SSLContext Kickstart请参阅下面的选项 2 下的示例用法。
选项 2

X509ExtendedKeyManager keyManager = PemUtils.loadIdentityMaterial("certificate-chain-badssl.pem", "private-key-badssl.pem");
X509ExtendedTrustManager trustManager = PemUtils.loadTrustMaterial("badssl-server-certificate.pem");

SSLFactory sslFactory = SSLFactory.builder()
          .withIdentityMaterial(keyManager)
          .withTrustMaterial(trustManager)
          .build();

val okHttpClient = OkHttpClient.Builder()
        .sslSocketFactory(sslFactory.getSslSocketFactory(), sslFactory.getTrustManager().get())
        .build()

val json = GsonBuilder().setLenient().create()

val retrofit = Retrofit.Builder()
        .baseUrl("https://client.badssl.com/")
        .client(okHttpClient)
        .addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create(json))
        .build()