python - lxml + django + uwsgi 无法生成正确格式的excel文件？

Question

我的项目用uwsgi启动时生成的excel文件打不开lxml安装在我的环境中，因为它可以使用 django manage.py runserver 成功打开和 gunicorn
我的主要代码如下:

── test_excel
           ├── urls.py
           ├── wsgi.py
           └── settings.py

── manage.py

urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.views import View
from openpyxl.writer.excel import save_virtual_workbook
import pandas as pd
from django.http import HttpResponse, StreamingHttpResponse


import xlrd
import openpyxl
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl.styles import Font, Alignment
from openpyxl.writer.excel import save_virtual_workbook
from openpyxl.cell.cell import ILLEGAL_CHARACTERS_RE



class TestExcelView(View):
    def get(self, request):
        # indexs = {0: ['cost', '2020-01', 'testing'],
        #           1: ['cost', '2020-01', '360 Limited'],
        #           2: ['cost', '2020-02', 'Korea Co.,LTD'],
        #           3: ['cost', '2020-02', 'ADS4EACH HK TECH LIMITED']}
        # columns = [['1'], ['amy'], ['tom'], ['zara'], ['jay'], ['Lee'], ['Uzi'], ['Zome'], ['Qoe'], ['Aoi'], ['Yeezy'],
        #            ['Hazy'], ['Wash'], ['pany'], ['zoey'], ['Moe'], ['total']]
        # datas = {
        #     0: [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 7.85, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 7.85],
        #     1: [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 7.85, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 7.85],
        #     2: [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 7.85, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 7.85],
        #     3: [0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 7.85, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 7.85]
        # }
        #
        # index = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples(indexs.values())
        # column = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples(columns)
        # data = datas.values()
        #
        # df = pd.DataFrame(data, index=index, columns=column)
        #
        # # 1 saved as excel
        #
        # excel_writer = pd.ExcelWriter(path='download.xlsx', engine='openpyxl')
        # df.to_excel(excel_writer)
        # wb = excel_writer.book
        #
        # response = HttpResponse(save_virtual_workbook(wb))
        # response["Content-Type"] = 'application/vnd.ms-excel'
        # response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename={}.xlsx'.format("for_test")
        # return response

        wb = Workbook()
        ws = wb.active
        ws.merge_cells('A1:B1')
        a1 = ws["A1"]
        ws["A1"] = "reason"
        ws.column_dimensions["A"].width = 100
        ali = Alignment(horizontal='center', vertical='center')

        a1.alignment = ali

        ws["A2"] = "request_id"
        ws.column_dimensions["A"].width = 50
        ws["B2"] = "rebate_reason"
        ws.column_dimensions["B"].width = 50

        for item in ws["A2:B2"][0]:
            item.font = Font(color='FF0000')
            item.alignment = ali

        response = HttpResponse(save_virtual_workbook(wb))
        response["Content-Type"] = 'application/vnd.ms-excel'
        response['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename={}.xlsx'.format("test_excel")
        return response


urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('test/', TestExcelView.as_view()),
]

wsgi.py

import os

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application

#os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'test_excel.settings')

application = get_wsgi_application()

test_excel.ini

[uwsgi]
pythonpath=/home/bluev/work/bv_crm_bak/test_excel
pythonpath=/home/bluev/work/bv_crm_bak/test_excel
env=DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE=test_excel.settings
module=test_excel.wsgi
master=True
pidfile=logs/test_excel.pid
vacuum=True
max-requests=100000
enable-threads=true
processes = 4
threads=8
listen=64
daemonize=logs/test_excel.log
log-slow=3000
python-autoreload=1
http=0.0.0.0:8876

然后，如果我像 uwsgi --ini test_excel.ini 那样启动项目如 lxml已安装，并请求 localhost:8876/test/ ，我会得到一个失败的excel文件。但是当我卸载了 lxml结果是对的。

我不明白为什么 lxml使用 uwsgi 影响 django 的 excel 响应

如何使用 uwsgi 获得正确的 excel 文件响应在这个情况下？

谢谢。

python版本: Python 3.6.8
包装 list :

asgiref==3.2.7
Django==3.0.6
et-xmlfile==1.0.1
jdcal==1.4.1
lxml==4.5.1
mysqlclient==1.4.6
numpy==1.18.4
openpyxl==3.0.3
pandas==1.0.3
python-dateutil==2.8.1
pytz==2020.1
six==1.14.0
sqlparse==0.3.1
uWSGI==2.0.18
xlrd==1.2.0

更新了不同的条件详情

environ condition             excel_file(if excel file can be opened)

gunicorn + lxml  + django                      yes

gunicorn + django                              yes

django runserver + lxml                        yes

django runserver                               yes

uwsgi + lxml  + django                         no

uwsgi + django                                 yes

Answer 1

我无法回答究竟是什么导致了您遇到的错误，但如果您的问题是为什么 lxml 的存在会影响您的输出，那是因为 openpyxl 使用 lxml安装时，但标准库的xml未安装时的包。

来自 openpyxl docs :

There is support for the popular lxml library which will be used if it is installed. This is particular useful when creating large files.

Here您可以在 openpyxl 源代码中看到它检查是否 lxml在决定调用哪个函数之前是否安装。