sql-server - 将 SQL NVARCHAR(MAX) 转换为 XML 并从 XML 字符串中获取值

Question

我正在尝试从存储 XML 字符串的列的节点读取。该列的类型为 NVARCHAR(MAX)。

下面是创建表的脚本—— 设置 ANSI_NULLS 开始

SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER ON
GO

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[XML_Dummy](
    [ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
    [Name] [nvarchar](50) NULL,
    [XMLValue] [nvarchar](max) NULL
) ON [PRIMARY] TEXTIMAGE_ON [PRIMARY]

GO

以下是向其输入值的脚本 -

INSERT INTO [dbo].[XML_Dummy]
           ([Name]
           ,[XMLValue])
     VALUES
           ('abcd'
           ,'<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
            <STAFFv xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
                 <EMPLOYEE_NUMBER>123456</EMPLOYEE_NUMBER>
                <TITLE>Mr</TITLE>
                <INITIALS>J</INITIALS>
                <FORENAME>PEARL</FORENAME>
                <SURNAME>HOFFMAN</SURNAME>
                <GENDER>MALE</GENDER>
                <DATE_OF_BIRTH>1992-01-01</DATE_OF_BIRTH>
                  <DEPARTMENT_DESC>SUPER SUPPORT TEAM</DEPARTMENT_DESC>
                  <JOB_TITLE_DESC>GENERAL DOGSBODY</JOB_TITLE_DESC>
                  <ORIGINAL_DATE_JOINED>2014-05-01</ORIGINAL_DATE_JOINED>
                  <CURRENT_EMPLOYEE financialyear="2014">Y</CURRENT_EMPLOYEE>
                  <INTERNAL_EMAIL xsi:nil="true" />
                  <CHANGE_TYPE>INSERT</CHANGE_TYPE>
                  <CHANGE_DATE>2014-03-27</CHANGE_DATE>
            </STAFF>')
GO

我的目标是从此字符串中获取 GENDER。但是，当我编写以下查询时开始 -

     declare @XMLVALUECAST_ xml
    declare @XMLVALUECONVERT_ xml

 SELECT 
         @XMLVALUECAST_ = CAST(XMLValue AS XML),
         @XMLVALUECONVERT_ = CONVERT(XML, XMLValue)

      --CAST(CAST(CAST(XMLValue AS NTEXT) AS XML).query('data(/STAFF/GENDER)') AS VARCHAR(10)) AS Gender 
 FROM  
    [dbo].[XML_Dummy]

    print @XMLVALUECAST_
    PRINT @XMLVALUECONVERT_

我得到错误 -消息 9402，级别 16，状态 1，第 3 行XML解析:第1行，第38个字符，无法切换编码。

我正在使用 SQL Server 2012 (11.0.5058.0)

Answer 1

首先，为什么不以 XML 格式保存该列？另一件事是您在标签中有错误。我相信它应该是 STAFF，而不是 STAFFv。最后一件事是使用 UTF-8 而不是 UTF-16 进行 XML 编码。所以最终的代码是:

CREATE TABLE #XML_Dummy
    (
      [ID] [INT] IDENTITY(1, 1)
                 NOT NULL ,
      [Name] [NVARCHAR](50) NULL ,
      [XMLValue] [NVARCHAR](MAX) NULL
    ); 

INSERT  INTO #XML_Dummy
        ( [Name] ,
          [XMLValue]
        )
VALUES
        ( 'abcd' ,
          '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
            <STAFF xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
                 <EMPLOYEE_NUMBER>123456</EMPLOYEE_NUMBER>
                <TITLE>Mr</TITLE>
                <INITIALS>J</INITIALS>
                <FORENAME>PEARL</FORENAME>
                <SURNAME>HOFFMAN</SURNAME>
                <GENDER>MALE</GENDER>
                <DATE_OF_BIRTH>1992-01-01</DATE_OF_BIRTH>
                  <DEPARTMENT_DESC>SUPER SUPPORT TEAM</DEPARTMENT_DESC>
                  <JOB_TITLE_DESC>GENERAL DOGSBODY</JOB_TITLE_DESC>
                  <ORIGINAL_DATE_JOINED>2014-05-01</ORIGINAL_DATE_JOINED>
                  <CURRENT_EMPLOYEE financialyear="2014">Y</CURRENT_EMPLOYEE>
                  <INTERNAL_EMAIL xsi:nil="true" />
                  <CHANGE_TYPE>INSERT</CHANGE_TYPE>
                  <CHANGE_DATE>2014-03-27</CHANGE_DATE>
            </STAFF>'
        );

SELECT
    b.x.value('/STAFF[1]/GENDER[1]', 'varchar(100)')
FROM
    #XML_Dummy a
    CROSS APPLY (
                  SELECT
                   CAST(CAST ([XMLValue] AS VARCHAR(MAX)) AS XML) x
                ) b;
DROP TABLE #XML_Dummy;