python - Django 在夹具拆解中测试 IntegrityError

Question

我开始使用 factory_boy 包，所以我设置了一些工厂并想测试创建的对象不会引发任何验证错误。

这是我正在使用的 mixin，它基本上从模块中获取每个工厂，创建一个实例，然后测试 .full_clean() 中没有错误.加载的用户设备是 10 个实例，ID 为 1 到 10。

class FactoriesTestCaseMixin:
    fixtures = [
        'user/tests/fixtures/user.json',
    ]
    module = None

    def test_factories(self):
        err_msg = '{name} caused errors:\n{errors}'
        factories = [
            (name, obj) for name, obj in inspect.getmembers(self.module, inspect.isclass)
            if obj.__module__ == self.module.__name__
            and not obj._meta.abstract
        ]
        for factory in factories:
            name = factory[0]
            instance = factory[1]()

            errors = None
            try:
                instance.full_clean()
            except ValidationError as e:
                errors = e

            self.assertTrue(errors is None, err_msg.format(name=name, errors=errors))

mixin 会像这样使用

from django.test import TestCase
from order import factories

class OrderFactoriesTestCase(FactoriesTestCaseMixin, TestCase):
    module = factories

但我不断收到 IntegrityError (下面的追溯)在测试成功通过夹具拆卸之后，我不知道如何解决它，所以我的测试通过没有错误。

如果我为每个单独的应用程序运行测试，则没有错误。我的其他型号的任何具有 created_by 的灯具都不会出现问题。 field 。

django.db.utils.IntegrityError: insert or update on table "product_product" violates foreign key constraint "product_product_created_by_id_96713f93_fk_user_user_id"
DETAIL:  Key (created_by_id)=(13) is not present in table "user_user".

我认为正在发生的是先前的测试正在创建一个新用户和工厂男孩 Iterator 正在选择一个新的用户 ID。.. 仍然不确定为什么在成功通过测试后会导致错误。

created_by = factory.Iterator(User.objects.all())

导致此问题的模块始终具有 SubFactory 到 ProductFactory

product = factory.SubFactory(ProductFactory)

关于如何解决这个问题的任何建议？

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/Development/project/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/test/testcases.py", line 274, in __call__
    self._post_teardown()
  File "/home/Development/project/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/test/testcases.py", line 1009, in _post_teardown
    self._fixture_teardown()
  File "/home/Development/project/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/test/testcases.py", line 1177, in _fixture_teardown
    connections[db_name].check_constraints()
  File "/home/Development/project/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/postgresql/base.py", line 246, in check_constraints
    self.cursor().execute('SET CONSTRAINTS ALL IMMEDIATE')
  File "/home/Development/project/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 67, in execute
    return self._execute_with_wrappers(sql, params, many=False, executor=self._execute)
  File "/home/Development/project/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 76, in _execute_with_wrappers
    return executor(sql, params, many, context)
  File "/home/Development/project/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 84, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql, params)
  File "/home/Development/project/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 89, in __exit__
    raise dj_exc_value.with_traceback(traceback) from exc_value
  File "/home/Development/project/venv/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/utils.py", line 82, in _execute
    return self.cursor.execute(sql)
django.db.utils.IntegrityError: insert or update on table "product_product" violates foreign key constraint "product_product_created_by_id_96713f93_fk_user_user_id"
DETAIL:  Key (created_by_id)=(12) is not present in table "user_user".

Answer 1

我有一个相关的问题，我通过专门 _fixture_teardown 解决了这个问题在我的测试用例类中。_fixture_teardown在 django.test.testcases 中实现调用 django 命令“flush”，该命令尝试从数据库中删除所有数据。我不知道这对你是否有用。在我持久化测试数据库并使用 --keepdb 的场景中，它引起了问题。
由于我不需要(或不想)刷新测试数据库，我只是专门指定了该方法什么都不做。这解决了我的问题，可能有助于解决你的问题。