python - 无法在 Mac 上安装 mysqlclient

Question

我尝试在 mac 上的虚拟环境中安装 mysqlclient ，使用以下命令:

pip3 install mysqlclient

我收到以下错误:

Collecting mysqlclient
  Using cached https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/a5/e1/e5f2b231c05dc51d9d87fa5066f90d1405345c54b14b0b11a1c859020f21/mysqlclient-2.0.1.tar.gz
Installing collected packages: mysqlclient
  Running setup.py install for mysqlclient ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /Users/josephestes/Development/apps/vmstracker/tutorial-env/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/9_/hr4rf2_914q_g933hy7z4n5h0000gn/T/pip-install-29km7sh3/mysqlclient/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/9_/hr4rf2_914q_g933hy7z4n5h0000gn/T/pip-install-29km7sh3/mysqlclient/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/var/folders/9_/hr4rf2_914q_g933hy7z4n5h0000gn/T/pip-record-0xkt41xv/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Users/josephestes/Development/apps/vmstracker/tutorial-env/include/site/python3.8/mysqlclient
         cwd: /private/var/folders/9_/hr4rf2_914q_g933hy7z4n5h0000gn/T/pip-install-29km7sh3/mysqlclient/
    Complete output (118 lines):
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/_exceptions.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/connections.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/converters.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/cursors.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/release.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb
    copying MySQLdb/times.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb
    creating build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/__init__.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/CLIENT.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/CR.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/ER.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/FIELD_TYPE.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb/constants
    copying MySQLdb/constants/FLAG.py -> build/lib.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb/constants
    running build_ext
    building 'MySQLdb._mysql' extension
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8
    creating build/temp.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb
    xcrun -sdk macosx clang -Wno-unused-result -Wsign-compare -Wunreachable-code -fno-common -dynamic -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O3 -Wall -iwithsysroot/System/Library/Frameworks/System.framework/PrivateHeaders -iwithsysroot/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.8/Headers -arch arm64 -arch x86_64 -Dversion_info=(2,0,1,'final',0) -D__version__=2.0.1 -I/usr/local/opt/mysql-client/include/mysql -I/Users/josephestes/Development/apps/vmstracker/tutorial-env/include -I/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/Library/Frameworks/Python3.framework/Versions/3.8/include/python3.8 -c MySQLdb/_mysql.c -o build/temp.macosx-10.14.6-x86_64-3.8/MySQLdb/_mysql.o
    In file included from MySQLdb/_mysql.c:29:
    In file included from /usr/local/opt/mysql-client/include/mysql/mysql.h:45:
    In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/lib/clang/12.0.0/include/stdint.h:52:
    In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/stdint.h:52:
    In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.h:32:
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/cdefs.h:807:2: error: Unsupported architecture
    #error Unsupported architecture
     ^
    In file included from MySQLdb/_mysql.c:29:
    In file included from /usr/local/opt/mysql-client/include/mysql/mysql.h:45:
    In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/lib/clang/12.0.0/include/stdint.h:52:
    In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/stdint.h:52:
    In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.h:33:
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/machine/_types.h:34:2: error: architecture not supported
    #error architecture not supported
     ^
    In file included from MySQLdb/_mysql.c:29:
    In file included from /usr/local/opt/mysql-client/include/mysql/mysql.h:45:
    In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/lib/clang/12.0.0/include/stdint.h:52:
    In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/stdint.h:52:
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.h:55:9: error: unknown type name '__int64_t'
    typedef __int64_t       __darwin_blkcnt_t;      /* total blocks */
            ^
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.h:56:9: error: unknown type name '__int32_t'
    typedef __int32_t       __darwin_blksize_t;     /* preferred block size */
            ^
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.h:57:9: error: unknown type name '__int32_t'
    typedef __int32_t       __darwin_dev_t;         /* dev_t */
            ^
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.h:60:9: error: unknown type name '__uint32_t'
    typedef __uint32_t      __darwin_gid_t;         /* [???] process and group IDs */
            ^
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.h:61:9: error: unknown type name '__uint32_t'
    typedef __uint32_t      __darwin_id_t;          /* [XSI] pid_t, uid_t, or gid_t*/
            ^
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.h:62:9: error: unknown type name '__uint64_t'; did you mean 'uint64_t'?
    typedef __uint64_t      __darwin_ino64_t;       /* [???] Used for 64 bit inodes */
            ^
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/_types/_uint64_t.h:31:28: note: 'uint64_t' declared here
    typedef unsigned long long uint64_t;
                               ^
    In file included from MySQLdb/_mysql.c:29:
    In file included from /usr/local/opt/mysql-client/include/mysql/mysql.h:45:
    In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/lib/clang/12.0.0/include/stdint.h:52:
    In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/stdint.h:52:
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.h:68:9: error: unknown type name '__darwin_natural_t'
    typedef __darwin_natural_t __darwin_mach_port_name_t; /* Used by mach */
            ^
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.h:70:9: error: unknown type name '__uint16_t'
    typedef __uint16_t      __darwin_mode_t;        /* [???] Some file attributes */
            ^
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.h:71:9: error: unknown type name '__int64_t'
    typedef __int64_t       __darwin_off_t;         /* [???] Used for file sizes */
            ^
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.h:72:9: error: unknown type name '__int32_t'
    typedef __int32_t       __darwin_pid_t;         /* [???] process and group IDs */
            ^
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.h:73:9: error: unknown type name '__uint32_t'
    typedef __uint32_t      __darwin_sigset_t;      /* [???] signal set */
            ^
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.h:74:9: error: unknown type name '__int32_t'
    typedef __int32_t       __darwin_suseconds_t;   /* [???] microseconds */
            ^
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.h:75:9: error: unknown type name '__uint32_t'
    typedef __uint32_t      __darwin_uid_t;         /* [???] user IDs */
            ^
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types.h:76:9: error: unknown type name '__uint32_t'
    typedef __uint32_t      __darwin_useconds_t;    /* [???] microseconds */
            ^
    In file included from MySQLdb/_mysql.c:29:
    In file included from /usr/local/opt/mysql-client/include/mysql/mysql.h:45:
    In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/lib/clang/12.0.0/include/stdint.h:52:
    In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/stdint.h:53:
    In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types/_intptr_t.h:30:
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/machine/types.h:37:2: error: architecture not supported
    #error architecture not supported
     ^
    In file included from MySQLdb/_mysql.c:29:
    In file included from /usr/local/opt/mysql-client/include/mysql/mysql.h:45:
    In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/lib/clang/12.0.0/include/stdint.h:52:
    In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/stdint.h:53:
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/_types/_intptr_t.h:32:9: error: unknown type name '__darwin_intptr_t'
    typedef __darwin_intptr_t       intptr_t;
            ^
    In file included from MySQLdb/_mysql.c:29:
    In file included from /usr/local/opt/mysql-client/include/mysql/mysql.h:46:
    In file included from /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/sys/types.h:81:
    /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/SDKs/MacOSX.sdk/usr/include/machine/endian.h:37:2: error: architecture not supported
    #error architecture not supported
     ^
    fatal error: too many errors emitted, stopping now [-ferror-limit=]
    20 errors generated.
    error: command 'xcrun' failed with exit status 1
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /Users/josephestes/Development/apps/vmstracker/tutorial-env/bin/python3 -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/private/var/folders/9_/hr4rf2_914q_g933hy7z4n5h0000gn/T/pip-install-29km7sh3/mysqlclient/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/private/var/folders/9_/hr4rf2_914q_g933hy7z4n5h0000gn/T/pip-install-29km7sh3/mysqlclient/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record /private/var/folders/9_/hr4rf2_914q_g933hy7z4n5h0000gn/T/pip-record-0xkt41xv/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /Users/josephestes/Development/apps/vmstracker/tutorial-env/include/site/python3.8/mysqlclient Check the logs for full command output.

有谁知道这个错误可能来自什么？

Answer 1

今天早上我被同样的错误搞砸了；经过 4 个小时的尝试，并用尽了当月的全部 swearbox 捐款，我偶然发现了一个解决方案。
我通过自制软件安装了 Python3，但 Xcode 12 在周末更新并在我的机器上劫持了它。无论 Python 3 的 Xcode 安装包含什么，它还会尝试设置包含 ARM 架构的 CFLAGS - 这会导致错误。
如果您运行 python3 -m sysconfig它将输出一个巨大的变量列表。扫描它们，如果它指向您的 XCode 安装的 python 而不是您的 /usr/local/{wherever brew installed version 3.x of python} 中的一个。那么它可能是同样的问题。
我最终通过以下方式解决了这个问题:

为这个项目停用我的 virtualenv

删除项目的 virtualenv 文件夹

运行 brew doctor 并遵循建议以确保设置了正确的文件夹和链接

确保export PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:~/bin:$PATH位于我的 .zshrc 的开头(或者如果您仍在使用 bash，则为 .bash_profile)路径更新

启动一个新的终端窗口

检查我指向的python 是带有which python3 的brew

切换到项目并运行 python3 -m venv ~/.virtualenvs/project-name

用 source ~/.virtualenvs/project-name/bin/activate 激活那个 virtualenv

然后终于pip3 install -r requirements.txt

希望这对你(或某人)有用，然后我知道那 4 个小时是值得的。