delphi - 如何从命令行启动的 GUI 应用程序写入 StdOut？

Question

我正在 Delphi 7 中编写一个标准 Windows 应用程序。

如果我正在编写控制台应用程序，我可以调用以下命令来输出到命令行或输出文件。

writeln('Some info');

如果我从从命令行启动的标准 GUI 应用程序执行此操作，则会收到错误。

I/O Error 105

必须有一个简单的解决方案来解决这个问题。基本上我希望我的应用程序有两种模式:GUI 模式和非 GUI 模式。如何正确设置它以便我可以写回 cmd 窗口？

Answer 1

这个问题与我试图完成的事情非常相似(如果不完全相同)。我想检测我的应用程序是否是从 cmd.exe 执行的并将输出发送到父控制台，否则它将显示 gui。这里的答案帮助我解决了我的问题。这是我作为实验而想出的代码:

ParentChecker.dpr

program ParentChecker;

uses
  Vcl.Forms,
  SysUtils,
  PsAPI,
  Windows,
  TLHelp32,
  Main in 'Main.pas' {frmParentChecker};

{$R *.res}

function AttachConsole(dwProcessID: Integer): Boolean; stdcall; external 'kernel32.dll';
function FreeConsole(): Boolean; stdcall; external 'kernel32.dll';

function GetParentProcessName(): String;
const
  BufferSize = 4096;
var
  HandleSnapShot: THandle;
  EntryParentProc: TProcessEntry32;
  CurrentProcessId: THandle;
  HandleParentProc: THandle;
  ParentProcessId: THandle;
  ParentProcessFound: Boolean;
  ParentProcPath: String;
begin
  ParentProcessFound:=False;
  HandleSnapShot:=CreateToolhelp32Snapshot(TH32CS_SNAPPROCESS,0);
  if HandleSnapShot<>INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE then
  begin
    EntryParentProc.dwSize:=SizeOf(EntryParentProc);
    if Process32First(HandleSnapShot,EntryParentProc) then
    begin
      CurrentProcessId:=GetCurrentProcessId();
      repeat
        if EntryParentProc.th32ProcessID=CurrentProcessId then
        begin
          ParentProcessId:=EntryParentProc.th32ParentProcessID;
          HandleParentProc:=OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION or PROCESS_VM_READ,False,ParentProcessId);
          if HandleParentProc<>0 then
          begin
            ParentProcessFound:=True;
            SetLength(ParentProcPath,BufferSize);
            GetModuleFileNameEx(HandleParentProc,0,PChar(ParentProcPath),BufferSize);
            ParentProcPath:=PChar(ParentProcPath);
            CloseHandle(HandleParentProc);
          end;
          Break;
        end;
      until not Process32Next(HandleSnapShot,EntryParentProc);
    end;
    CloseHandle(HandleSnapShot);
  end;
  if ParentProcessFound then Result:=ParentProcPath
  else Result:='';
end;

function IsPrime(n: Integer): Boolean;
var
  i: Integer;
begin
  Result:=False;
  if n<2 then Exit;
  Result:=True;
  if n=2 then Exit;
  i:=2;
  while i<(n div i + 1) do
  begin
    if (n mod i)=0 then
    begin
      Result:=False;
      Exit;
    end;
    Inc(i);
  end;
end;

var
  i: Integer;
  ParentName: String;

begin
  ParentName:=GetParentProcessName().ToLower;
  Delete(ParentName,1,ParentName.LastIndexOf('\')+1);
  if ParentName='cmd.exe' then
  begin
    AttachConsole(-1);
    Writeln('');
    for i:=1 to 100 do if IsPrime(i) then Writeln(IntToStr(i)+' is prime');
    FreeConsole();
  end
  else
  begin
    Application.Initialize;
    Application.MainFormOnTaskbar:=True;
    Application.CreateForm(TfrmParentChecker, frmParentChecker);
    frmParentChecker.Label1.Caption:='Executed from '+ParentName;
    Application.Run;
  end;
end.

Main.pas(带标签的表单):

unit Main;

interface

uses
  Winapi.Windows, Winapi.Messages, System.SysUtils, System.Variants, System.Classes, Vcl.Graphics,
  Vcl.Controls, Vcl.Forms, Vcl.Dialogs, Vcl.StdCtrls, RzLabel;

type
  TfrmParentChecker = class(TForm)
    Label1: TLabel;
  private
    { Private declarations }
  public
    { Public declarations }
  end;

var
  frmParentChecker: TfrmParentChecker;

implementation

{$R *.dfm}

end.

这允许我从命令提示符运行我的 GUI 应用程序，并将输出显示到启动我的应用程序的同一控制台。否则，它将运行应用程序的完整 GUI 部分。

控制台窗口的输出示例:

I:\Delphi\Tests and Demos\ParentChecker\Win32\Debug>start /wait ParentChecker.exe

2 is prime
3 is prime
5 is prime
7 is prime
11 is prime
13 is prime
17 is prime
19 is prime
23 is prime
29 is prime
31 is prime
37 is prime
41 is prime
43 is prime
47 is prime
53 is prime
59 is prime
61 is prime
67 is prime
71 is prime
73 is prime
79 is prime
83 is prime
89 is prime
97 is prime

I:\Delphi\Tests and Demos\ParentChecker\Win32\Debug>