delphi - 如何将对象转换为泛型？

Question

我正在尝试将返回的基础对象转换为其特定的泛型类型。我认为下面的代码应该可以工作，但会生成内部编译器错误，还有其他方法可以做到这一点吗？

type
  TPersistGeneric<T> = class
  private
  type
    TPointer = ^T;
  public
    class function  Init : T;
  end;

class function  TPersistGeneric<T>.Init : T;
var
  o : TXPersistent; // root class
begin
  case PTypeInfo(TypeInfo(T))^.Kind of
    tkClass : begin
                // xpcreate returns txpersistent, a root class of T
                o := XPCreate(GetTypeName(TypeInfo(T))); // has a listed of registered classes
                result := TPointer(pointer(@o))^;
              end;
    else
      result := Default(T);
  end;
end;

Answer 1

我正在使用一个类型转换辅助类来执行类型转换并检查这两个类是否兼容。

class function TPersistGeneric<T>.Init: T;
var
  o : TXPersistent; // root class
begin
  case PTypeInfo(TypeInfo(T))^.Kind of
    tkClass : begin
                // xpcreate returns txpersistent, a root class of T
                o := XPCreate(GetTypeName(TypeInfo(T))); // has a listed of registered classes
                Result := TTypeCast.DynamicCast<TXPersistent, T>(o);
              end;
    else
      result := Default(T);
  end;

这是类(class):

type
  TTypeCast = class
  public
    // ReinterpretCast does a hard type cast
    class function ReinterpretCast<ReturnT>(const Value): ReturnT;
    // StaticCast does a hard type cast but requires an input type
    class function StaticCast<T, ReturnT>(const Value: T): ReturnT;
    // DynamicCast is like the as-operator. It checks if the object can be typecasted
    class function DynamicCast<T, ReturnT>(const Value: T): ReturnT;
  end;

class function TTypeCast.ReinterpretCast<ReturnT>(const Value): ReturnT;
begin
  Result := ReturnT(Value);
end;

class function TTypeCast.StaticCast<T, ReturnT>(const Value: T): ReturnT;
begin
  Result := ReinterpretCast<ReturnT>(Value);
end;

class function TTypeCast.DynamicCast<T, ReturnT>(const Value: T): ReturnT;
var
  TypeT, TypeReturnT: PTypeInfo;
  Obj: TObject;
  LClass: TClass;
  ClassNameReturnT, ClassNameT: string;
  FoundReturnT, FoundT: Boolean;
begin
  TypeT := TypeInfo(T);
  TypeReturnT := TypeInfo(ReturnT);
  if (TypeT = nil) or (TypeReturnT = nil) then
    raise Exception.Create('Missing Typeinformation');
  if TypeT.Kind <> tkClass then
    raise Exception.Create('Source type is not a class');
  if TypeReturnT.Kind <> tkClass then
    raise Exception.Create('Destination type is not a class');

  Obj := TObject(Pointer(@Value)^);
  if Obj = nil then
    Result := Default(ReturnT)
  else
  begin
    ClassNameReturnT := UTF8ToString(TypeReturnT.Name);
    ClassNameT := UTF8ToString(TypeT.Name);
    LClass := Obj.ClassType;
    FoundReturnT := False;
    FoundT := False;
    while (LClass <> nil) and not (FoundT and FoundReturnT) do
    begin
      if not FoundReturnT and (LClass.ClassName = ClassNameReturnT) then
        FoundReturnT := True;
      if not FoundT and (LClass.ClassName = ClassNameT) then
        FoundT := True;
      LClass := LClass.ClassParent;
    end;
    //if LClass <> nil then << TObject doesn't work with this line
    if FoundT and FoundReturnT then
      Result := ReinterpretCast<ReturnT>(Obj)
    else
    if not FoundReturnT then
      raise Exception.CreateFmt('Cannot cast class %s to %s',
                                [Obj.ClassName, ClassNameReturnT])
    else
      raise Exception.CreateFmt('Object (%s) is not of class %s',
                                [Obj.ClassName, ClassNameT]);
  end;
end;