delphi - 访问 Delphi 中的 LocalApplicationData 等效项

Question

使用 Delphi，如何访问 .NET 的 System.Environment.SpecialFolder.LocalApplicationData 变量(适用于任何版本的 Windows)的等效变量？我以为我可以这样做:

dir := GetEnvironmentVariable('LOCALAPPDATA');

这适用于 Vista，但 XP 似乎没有默认设置该环境变量，至少在我的测试机器上是这样。

Answer 1

在Delphi中，特殊的系统文件夹路径常量在ShlObj.DCU中定义，并以CSIDL_后跟符号名的形式引用。示例:

• CSIDL_DESKTOPDIRECTORY 返回当前桌面的路径
• CSIDL_PERSONAL 是我的文档目录
• CSIDL___LOCAL_APPDATA 是(用户名)\Local Settings\Application数据目录

这是一个快速函数，当给定符号名称时，它将返回适当的特殊文件夹路径。确保在 USES 语句中包含 SHLOBJ.DCU 单元，并使用以下内容:

function GetSpecialFolderPath(Folder: Integer; CanCreate: Boolean): string;

// Gets path of special system folders
//
// Call this routine as follows:
// GetSpecialFolderPath (CSIDL_PERSONAL, false)
//        returns folder as result
//
var
   FilePath: array [0..255] of char;

begin
 SHGetSpecialFolderPath(0, @FilePath[0], FOLDER, CanCreate);
 Result := FilePath;
end;

================================================== =================

作为引用，常量如下:

  CSIDL_DESKTOP                       = $0000; { <desktop> }
  CSIDL_INTERNET                      = $0001; { Internet Explorer (icon on desktop) }
  CSIDL_PROGRAMS                      = $0002; { Start Menu\Programs }
  CSIDL_CONTROLS                      = $0003; { My Computer\Control Panel }
  CSIDL_PRINTERS                      = $0004; { My Computer\Printers }
  CSIDL_PERSONAL                      = $0005; { My Documents.  This is equivalent to CSIDL_MYDOCUMENTS in XP and above }
  CSIDL_FAVORITES                     = $0006; { <user name>\Favorites }
  CSIDL_STARTUP                       = $0007; { Start Menu\Programs\Startup }
  CSIDL_RECENT                        = $0008; { <user name>\Recent }
  CSIDL_SENDTO                        = $0009; { <user name>\SendTo }
  CSIDL_BITBUCKET                     = $000a; { <desktop>\Recycle Bin }
  CSIDL_STARTMENU                     = $000b; { <user name>\Start Menu }
  CSIDL_MYDOCUMENTS                   = $000c; { logical "My Documents" desktop icon }
  CSIDL_MYMUSIC                       = $000d; { "My Music" folder }
  CSIDL_MYVIDEO                       = $000e; { "My Video" folder }
  CSIDL_DESKTOPDIRECTORY              = $0010; { <user name>\Desktop }
  CSIDL_DRIVES                        = $0011; { My Computer }
  CSIDL_NETWORK                       = $0012; { Network Neighborhood (My Network Places) }
  CSIDL_NETHOOD                       = $0013; { <user name>\nethood }
  CSIDL_FONTS                         = $0014; { windows\fonts }
  CSIDL_TEMPLATES                     = $0015;
  CSIDL_COMMON_STARTMENU              = $0016; { All Users\Start Menu }
  CSIDL_COMMON_PROGRAMS               = $0017; { All Users\Start Menu\Programs }
  CSIDL_COMMON_STARTUP                = $0018; { All Users\Startup }
  CSIDL_COMMON_DESKTOPDIRECTORY       = $0019; { All Users\Desktop }
  CSIDL_APPDATA                       = $001a; { <user name>\Application Data }
  CSIDL_PRINTHOOD                     = $001b; { <user name>\PrintHood }
  CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA                 = $001c; { <user name>\Local Settings\Application Data (non roaming) }
  CSIDL_ALTSTARTUP                    = $001d; { non localized startup }
  CSIDL_COMMON_ALTSTARTUP             = $001e; { non localized common startup }
  CSIDL_COMMON_FAVORITES              = $001f;
  CSIDL_INTERNET_CACHE                = $0020;
  CSIDL_COOKIES                       = $0021;
  CSIDL_HISTORY                       = $0022;
  CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA                = $0023; { All Users\Application Data }
  CSIDL_WINDOWS                       = $0024; { GetWindowsDirectory() }
  CSIDL_SYSTEM                        = $0025; { GetSystemDirectory() }
  CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES                 = $0026; { C:\Program Files }
  CSIDL_MYPICTURES                    = $0027; { C:\Program Files\My Pictures }
  CSIDL_PROFILE                       = $0028; { USERPROFILE }
  CSIDL_SYSTEMX86                     = $0029; { x86 system directory on RISC }
  CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILESX86              = $002a; { x86 C:\Program Files on RISC }
  CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES_COMMON          = $002b; { C:\Program Files\Common }
  CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES_COMMONX86       = $002c; { x86 C:\Program Files\Common on RISC }
  CSIDL_COMMON_TEMPLATES              = $002d; { All Users\Templates }
  CSIDL_COMMON_DOCUMENTS              = $002e; { All Users\Documents }
  CSIDL_COMMON_ADMINTOOLS             = $002f; { All Users\Start Menu\Programs\Administrative Tools }
  CSIDL_ADMINTOOLS                    = $0030; { <user name>\Start Menu\Programs\Administrative Tools }
  CSIDL_CONNECTIONS                   = $0031; { Network and Dial-up Connections }
  CSIDL_COMMON_MUSIC                  = $0035; { All Users\My Music }
  CSIDL_COMMON_PICTURES               = $0036; { All Users\My Pictures }
  CSIDL_COMMON_VIDEO                  = $0037; { All Users\My Video }
  CSIDL_RESOURCES                     = $0038; { Resource Directory }
  CSIDL_RESOURCES_LOCALIZED           = $0039; { Localized Resource Directory }
  CSIDL_COMMON_OEM_LINKS              = $003a; { Links to All Users OEM specific apps }
  CSIDL_CDBURN_AREA                   = $003b; { USERPROFILE\Local Settings\Application Data\Microsoft\CD Burning }
  CSIDL_COMPUTERSNEARME               = $003d; { Computers Near Me (computered from Workgroup membership) }
  CSIDL_PROFILES                      = $003e;