r - 条形图中的图例无法正确显示

Question

heights1=c(5,5,4.5,4,4,4,4.5,2,4,4)

opar <- par(lwd = 0.3)

barplot(heights1,xlim=c(0,3), ylim=c(0,5),  width=0.1, 
main="Langauges(Verbal & Non-verbal)", 
names.arg=c("Spanish", "Speak" , "English","Speak", "Hindi", 
"Speak", "Arabic", "Speak",  "Body Lang", "Speak"), ylab="Skill level ", 
xlab="Language starting with mostly used", col=c("darkblue","red"),
cex.names=0.7,space=c(2,0,2,0,2,0,2,0,2,0))

legend("top",  c("darkblue","red"), c("reading/Writing", "Speaking")  );

蓝色表示“读/写”，红色表示“说”。如何在图例中进行更正？ （我不想在barplot函数中定义图例）

Answer 1

您可以为颜色使用fill参数。与David Robinson的答案一样，在这种情况下，我也建议将图例放在右上角。

legend("topright", 
       legend = c("reading/Writing", "Speaking"), 
       fill = c("darkblue", "red"))

查看其他一些问题，您可能还需要花一些时间在绘图之前将数据转换为更合适的形式。

这是一个例子：


这是您的数据：

heights1 = c(5, 5, 4.5, 4, 4, 4, 4.5, 2, 4, 4) # Your data

这是带有 matrix的 dimnames数据

mydata <- matrix(heights1, ncol = 2, byrow = TRUE,
                 dimnames = list(c("Spanish", "English", "Hindi", 
                                   "Arabic", "Body Lang"),
                                 c("Reading/Writing", "Speaking")))
mydata # Much more meaningful to look at than a simple vector
#           Reading/Writing Speaking
# Spanish               5.0        5
# English               4.5        4
# Hindi                 4.0        4
# Arabic                4.5        2
# Body Lang             4.0        4

定义您的颜色（可选，但如果每个组中使用的条数不止一对，则很有用）

colors <- c("darkblue", "red") # Define the colors you're using

绘制数据，在顶部添加一些额外的空间并压下轴。不知道为什么在此阶段不希望包含图例，但是可以通过添加以下参数轻松完成： legend.text = TRUE, args.legend = list(x = "topright", bty = "n")

barplot(t(mydata), beside = TRUE, col = colors, 
        ylim = c(0, 6), axes = FALSE,
        xlab = "Language starting with mostly used",
        main = "Languages (Verbal & Non-verbal)")

重新引入y轴并添加图例

axis(2, at = 0:5, labels = 0:5)
legend("topright", colnames(mydata), fill = colors, bty = "n")